1.PSSH簡(jiǎn)介

PSSH提供OpenSSH和相關(guān)工具的并行版本。包括pssh，pscp，prsync，pnuke和pslurp。該項(xiàng)目包括psshlib，可以在自定義應(yīng)用程序中使用。
pssh是python寫的可以并發(fā)在多臺(tái)機(jī)器上批量執(zhí)行命令的工具，它的用法可以媲美ansible的一些簡(jiǎn)單用法，執(zhí)行起來(lái)速度比ansible快它支持文件并行復(fù)制，遠(yuǎn)程命令執(zhí)行，殺掉遠(yuǎn)程主機(jī)上的進(jìn)程等等。殺手锏是文件并行復(fù)制，，當(dāng)進(jìn)行再遠(yuǎn)程主機(jī)批量上傳下載的時(shí)候，最好使用它。
項(xiàng)目地址: https://code.google.com/archive/p/parallel-ssh/

2.PSSH使用

2.1 安裝PSSH

前提條件：注意需要安裝 python 2.4 或以上版本

wget https://clsn.io/files/pssh/pssh-2.3.1.tar.gz tar zxf pssh-2.3.1.tar.gz cd pssh-2.3.1 python setup.py install

安裝過(guò)程

[root@clsn.io /opt/pssh-2.3.1] #python setup.py install running install running build running build_py creating build creating build/lib creating build/lib/psshlib copying psshlib/task.py -> build/lib/psshlib copying psshlib/askpass_server.py -> build/lib/psshlib copying psshlib/__init__.py -> build/lib/psshlib copying psshlib/cli.py -> build/lib/psshlib copying psshlib/psshutil.py -> build/lib/psshlib copying psshlib/manager.py -> build/lib/psshlib copying psshlib/askpass_client.py -> build/lib/psshlib copying psshlib/version.py -> build/lib/psshlib copying psshlib/color.py -> build/lib/psshlib running build_scripts creating build/scripts-2.6 copying and adjusting bin/pssh -> build/scripts-2.6 copying and adjusting bin/pnuke -> build/scripts-2.6 copying and adjusting bin/prsync -> build/scripts-2.6 copying and adjusting bin/pslurp -> build/scripts-2.6 copying and adjusting bin/pscp -> build/scripts-2.6 copying and adjusting bin/pssh-askpass -> build/scripts-2.6 changing mode of build/scripts-2.6/pssh from 644 to 755 changing mode of build/scripts-2.6/pnuke from 644 to 755 changing mode of build/scripts-2.6/prsync from 644 to 755 changing mode of build/scripts-2.6/pslurp from 644 to 755 changing mode of build/scripts-2.6/pscp from 644 to 755 changing mode of build/scripts-2.6/pssh-askpass from 644 to 755 running install_lib creating /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib copying build/lib/psshlib/task.py -> /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib copying build/lib/psshlib/askpass_server.py -> /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib copying build/lib/psshlib/__init__.py -> /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib copying build/lib/psshlib/cli.py -> /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib copying build/lib/psshlib/psshutil.py -> /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib copying build/lib/psshlib/manager.py -> /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib copying build/lib/psshlib/askpass_client.py -> /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib copying build/lib/psshlib/version.py -> /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib copying build/lib/psshlib/color.py -> /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib byte-compiling /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib/task.py to task.pyc byte-compiling /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib/askpass_server.py to askpass_server.pyc byte-compiling /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib/__init__.py to __init__.pyc byte-compiling /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib/cli.py to cli.pyc byte-compiling /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib/psshutil.py to psshutil.pyc byte-compiling /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib/manager.py to manager.pyc byte-compiling /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib/askpass_client.py to askpass_client.pyc byte-compiling /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib/version.py to version.pyc byte-compiling /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib/color.py to color.pyc running install_scripts copying build/scripts-2.6/pscp -> /usr/bin copying build/scripts-2.6/prsync -> /usr/bin copying build/scripts-2.6/pnuke -> /usr/bin copying build/scripts-2.6/pssh -> /usr/bin copying build/scripts-2.6/pssh-askpass -> /usr/bin copying build/scripts-2.6/pslurp -> /usr/bin changing mode of /usr/bin/pscp to 755 changing mode of /usr/bin/prsync to 755 changing mode of /usr/bin/pnuke to 755 changing mode of /usr/bin/pssh to 755 changing mode of /usr/bin/pssh-askpass to 755 changing mode of /usr/bin/pslurp to 755 running install_data creating /usr/man creating /usr/man/man1 copying man/man1/pssh.1 -> /usr/man/man1 copying man/man1/pscp.1 -> /usr/man/man1 copying man/man1/prsync.1 -> /usr/man/man1 copying man/man1/pslurp.1 -> /usr/man/man1 copying man/man1/pnuke.1 -> /usr/man/man1 running install_egg_info Writing /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/pssh-2.3.1-py2.6.egg-info

2.2 安裝完成

使用yum安裝后，只能使用pssh，但是編譯安裝后會(huì)包括其他命令也安裝了（pscp prsync pnuke pslurp）
pssh：在遠(yuǎn)程多臺(tái)主機(jī)上并行運(yùn)行命令

Example: pssh -h hosts.txt -l irb2 -o /tmp/foo uptime

pscp :把文件并行復(fù)制到多臺(tái)遠(yuǎn)程主機(jī)上

Example: pscp -h hosts.txt -l irb2 foo.txt /home/irb2/foo.txt

prsync:使用rsync協(xié)議本地文件同步到遠(yuǎn)程多臺(tái)主機(jī)上。

Example: prsync -r -h hosts.txt -l irb2 foo /home/irb2/foo

pnuke:在遠(yuǎn)程多臺(tái)主機(jī)上并行killall某一進(jìn)程

Example: pnuke -h hosts.txt -l irb2 java

pslurp:把文件從遠(yuǎn)程多臺(tái)主機(jī)上復(fù)制到本地主機(jī)上

Example: pslurp -h hosts.txt -L /tmp/outdir -l irb2 /home/irb2/foo.txt foo.txt

2.3 pssh參數(shù)說(shuō)明

-h HOST_FILE 后邊跟遠(yuǎn)程主機(jī)列表（ip）
-H HOST_STRING 后邊跟遠(yuǎn)程主機(jī)名或者ip地址
-l USER 指定遠(yuǎn)程主機(jī)的用戶名-p PAR 指定pssh最大的并行線程數(shù)。
-o 將輸出的內(nèi)容重定向到一個(gè)指定的文件中
-O 指定ssh參數(shù)的具體配置
-e 將執(zhí)行錯(cuò)誤重定向到一個(gè)指定的文件中
-t 設(shè)定命令執(zhí)行超時(shí)時(shí)間
-x 傳遞ssh命令的一些參數(shù)
-i 在遠(yuǎn)程主機(jī)上執(zhí)行命令完成后顯示標(biāo)準(zhǔn)輸出和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)錯(cuò)誤
-P 在執(zhí)行遠(yuǎn)程命令時(shí)，輸出執(zhí)行結(jié)果

2.4 其他常用的方法

pssh使用幫助

pssh --help

pssh查看所有服務(wù)器的uptime

-h list 指定了執(zhí)行命令的機(jī)器列表-A表示提示輸入密碼（如果機(jī)器都是ssh key打通的則無(wú)需加-A） pssh -i -A -h list 'uptime'

使用pscp向一堆機(jī)器分發(fā)文件

pscp -h list localfile remote_dir

從一堆機(jī)器中拷貝文件到中心機(jī)器

pslurp -h list /etc/hosts local_dir

2.5 常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題

如果你遇到這樣的錯(cuò)誤：

IOError: [Errno 4] Interrupted system call

建議升級(jí)python版本到python2.7

3.附錄

3.1 pssh CLSN站點(diǎn)鏡像地址

本站將pssh軟件包鏡像到本地，以防丟失，有需求的可以執(zhí)行下載，下載后注意校驗(yàn)MD5值。

File	Summary + Labels	Uploaded	Size
pssh-2.3.1.tar.gz	PSSH 2.3.1 Source	Feb 3, 2012	22.88KB
pssh-2.3.tar.gz	PSSH 2.3 Source	Jan 25, 2012	21.62KB
pssh-2.2.2.tar.gz	PSSH 2.2.2 Source	Feb 3, 2011	20.94KB
pssh-2.2.1.tar.gz	PSSH 2.2.1 Source	Jan 27, 2011	20.88KB
pssh-2.2.tar.gz	PSSH 2.2 Source	Jan 27, 2011	20.84KB
pssh-2.1.1.tar.gz	PSSH 2.1.1 Source	Mar 5, 2010	17.94KB
pssh-2.1.tar.gz	PSSH 2.1 Source	Feb 26, 2010	17.65KB
pssh-2.0.tar.gz	PSSH 2.0 Source	Oct 21, 2009	15.03KB

3.2 pssh GOOGLE源

FileSummary + LabelsUploadedSize

pssh-2.3.1.tar.gz?	PSSH 2.3.1 Source	Feb 3, 2012	22.88KB
?pssh-2.3.tar.gz?	PSSH 2.3 Source	Jan 25, 2012	21.62KB
?pssh-2.2.2.tar.gz?	PSSH 2.2.2 Source	Feb 3, 2011	20.94KB
?pssh-2.2.1.tar.gz?	PSSH 2.2.1 Source	Jan 27, 2011	20.88KB
?pssh-2.2.tar.gz?	PSSH 2.2 Source	Jan 27, 2011	20.84KB
?pssh-2.1.1.tar.gz?	PSSH 2.1.1 Source	Mar 5, 2010	17.94KB
?pssh-2.1.tar.gz?	PSSH 2.1 Source	Feb 26, 2010	17.65KB
?pssh-2.0.tar.gz?	PSSH 2.0 Source	Oct 21, 2009	15.03KB

3.3 文件包MD5值

下載完成后務(wù)必校驗(yàn)MD5值

MD5值文件名

dbdbfda5681b82d4c64abdb3668e88bc	pssh-2.3.tar.gz
53e70d53064f658bf8f44880340e8e5c	pssh-2.3.1.tar.gz
689207677b260a7e4178174295b1389e	pssh-2.2.tar.gz
865305ae39647884bc54a42e9f9554bb	pssh-2.2.2.tar.gz
f7583259976ef64bf3cae957a0b66e41	pssh-2.2.1.tar.gz
725f902bb7e128cc7aa1322551f7ca37	pssh-2.1.tar.gz
4b355966da91850ac530f035f7404cd5	pssh-2.1.1.tar.gz
07474f9f9dbefedc809e997f04e1dee5	pssh-2.0.tar.gz

4.參考文獻(xiàn)

https://code.google.com/archive/p/parallel-ssh/
http://opstool.com/article/266
https://www.cnblogs.com/Dicky-Zhang/p/5988415.html
https://help.aliyun.com/knowledge_detail/38835.html

作者：慘綠少年
出處：http://clsn.io
本文版權(quán)歸作者所有，歡迎轉(zhuǎn)載，但未經(jīng)作者同意必須保留此段聲明，且在文章頁(yè)面明顯位置給出原文連接，否則保留追究法律責(zé)任的權(quán)利。

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