首先，定義一個(gè)水果抽象類，代碼如下：

class?Fruit
{
????//定義虛方法
????public?virtual?void?Eating()
????{
????????Console.WriteLine("水果有各種吃法。。。");
????}
}

?

然后，實(shí)例化幾個(gè)水果類，代碼如下：

class?Banana?:?Fruit
{
????public?override?void?Eating()
????{
????????Console.WriteLine("香蕉扒皮吃。。。");
????}
}

class?Orange?:?Fruit
{
????public?override?void?Eating()
????{
????????Console.WriteLine("橘子剝皮吃。。。");
????}
}

class?Apple?:?Fruit
{
????public?new?void?Eating()
????{
????????Console.WriteLine("蘋果洗了吃。。。");
????}

????//public?override?void?Eating()
????//{
????//????Console.WriteLine("蘋果洗了吃。。。");
????//}
}

?

最后，創(chuàng)建水果工廠，代碼如下：

//水果工廠
class?FruitFactory
{
????//生成水果
????public?Fruit?CreateFruit(string?_fruitname)
????{
????????//不使用反射的做法如下：
????????//if?("Apple"?==?_fruitname)
????????//{
????????//????return?new?Apple();
????????//}
????????//else?if?("Banana"?==?_fruitname)
????????//{
????????//????return?new?Banana();
????????//}
????????//else?if?("Orange"?==?_fruitname)
????????//{
????????//????return?new?Orange();
????????//}
????????//else
????????//{
????????//????throw?new?Exception("您指定的水果不生產(chǎn)！");
????????//}

????????//獲得當(dāng)前程序的命名空間
????????string?strNamespace?=?Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().GetName().Name;

????????//調(diào)用方法一：使用?Type?類
????????//Type?type?=?Type.GetType("ConsoleApplication1."?+?_fruitname);
????????//ConstructorInfo?ctorInfo?=?type.GetConstructor(System.Type.EmptyTypes);
????????////?Invoke()方法：返回與構(gòu)造函數(shù)關(guān)聯(lián)的類的實(shí)例。
????????//Fruit?fruitA?=?(Fruit)ctorInfo.Invoke(new?object[0]);
????????//return?fruitA;

????????//調(diào)用方法二：使用?Assembly?類
????????//Assembly?myAssembly?=?Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly();
????????//Fruit?fruitB?=?(Fruit)myAssembly.CreateInstance("ConsoleApplication1."?+?_fruitname);
????????//return?fruitB;

????????//調(diào)用方法三：使用?Activator?類
????????Fruit?fruitC?=?(Fruit)Activator.CreateInstance(Type.GetType("ConsoleApplication1."?+?_fruitname,?false,?true));
????????return?fruitC;
????}
}

?

測(cè)試代碼如下：

class?Program
{
????static?void?Main(string[]?args)
????{
????????FruitFactory?ff?=?new?FruitFactory();

????????//打印（來(lái)自父類的）：水果有各種吃法。。。
????????Fruit?fA?=?ff.CreateFruit("Apple");
????????fA.Eating();

????????//打印（來(lái)自子類的）：蘋果洗了吃。。。
????????Apple?apple?=?ff.CreateFruit("Apple")?as?Apple;
????????apple.Eating();

????????Fruit?fB?=?ff.CreateFruit("Banana");
????????fB.Eating();

????????Fruit?fC?=?ff.CreateFruit("Orange");
????????fC.Eating();
????}
}

?

?

利用反射創(chuàng)建實(shí)例對(duì)象的常用三種方式：

// 方式一：使用 Type 類
Type?type?=?Type.GetType("ConsoleApplication1."?+?_fruitname);
ConstructorInfo?ctorInfo?=?type.GetConstructor(System.Type.EmptyTypes);
//?Invoke()方法：返回與構(gòu)造函數(shù)關(guān)聯(lián)的類的實(shí)例。
Fruit?fruitA?=?(Fruit)ctorInfo.Invoke(new?object[0]);
return?fruitA;
// 方式二：使用 Assembly 類
Assembly?myAssembly?=?Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly();
Fruit?fruitB?=?(Fruit)myAssembly.CreateInstance("ConsoleApplication1."?+?_fruitname);
return?fruitB;
// 方式三：使用 Activator 類
Fruit?fruitC?=?(Fruit)Activator.CreateInstance(Type.GetType("ConsoleApplication1."?+?_fruitname,?false,?true));
return?fruitC;

示例的全部代碼如下：

View Code using?System;
using?System.Collections.Generic;
using?System.Text;
using?System.Reflection;

//抽象類可以繼承抽象類

namespace?ConsoleApplication1
{
????class?Fruit
????{
????????//定義虛方法
????????public?virtual?void?Eating()
????????{
????????????Console.WriteLine("水果有各種吃法。。。");
????????}
????}

????//水果工廠
????class?FruitFactory
????{
????????//生成水果
????????public?Fruit?CreateFruit(string?_fruitname)
????????{
????????????//不使用反射的做法如下：
????????????//if?("Apple"?==?_fruitname)
????????????//{
????????????//????return?new?Apple();
????????????//}
????????????//else?if?("Banana"?==?_fruitname)
????????????//{
????????????//????return?new?Banana();
????????????//}
????????????//else?if?("Orange"?==?_fruitname)
????????????//{
????????????//????return?new?Orange();
????????????//}
????????????//else
????????????//{
????????????//????throw?new?Exception("您指定的水果不生產(chǎn)！");
????????????//}

????????????//獲得當(dāng)前程序的命名空間
????????????string?strNamespace?=?Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().GetName().Name;

????????????//調(diào)用方法一：使用?Type?類
????????????//Type?type?=?Type.GetType("ConsoleApplication1."?+?_fruitname);
????????????//ConstructorInfo?ctorInfo?=?type.GetConstructor(System.Type.EmptyTypes);
????????????////?Invoke()方法：返回與構(gòu)造函數(shù)關(guān)聯(lián)的類的實(shí)例。
????????????//Fruit?fruitA?=?(Fruit)ctorInfo.Invoke(new?object[0]);
????????????//return?fruitA;

????????????//調(diào)用方法二：使用?Assembly?類
????????????//Assembly?myAssembly?=?Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly();
????????????//Fruit?fruitB?=?(Fruit)myAssembly.CreateInstance("ConsoleApplication1."?+?_fruitname);
????????????//return?fruitB;

????????????//調(diào)用方法三：使用?Activator?類
????????????Fruit?fruitC?=?(Fruit)Activator.CreateInstance(Type.GetType("ConsoleApplication1."?+?_fruitname,?false,?true));
????????????return?fruitC;
????????}
????}

????class?Banana?:?Fruit
????{
????????public?override?void?Eating()
????????{
????????????Console.WriteLine("香蕉扒皮吃。。。");
????????}
????}

????class?Orange?:?Fruit
????{
????????public?override?void?Eating()
????????{
????????????Console.WriteLine("橘子剝皮吃。。。");
????????}
????}

????class?Apple?:?Fruit
????{
????????public?new?void?Eating()
????????{
????????????Console.WriteLine("蘋果洗了吃。。。");
????????}

????????//public?override?void?Eating()
????????//{
????????//????Console.WriteLine("蘋果洗了吃。。。");
????????//}
????}

????class?Program
????{
????????static?void?Main(string[]?args)
????????{
????????????FruitFactory?ff?=?new?FruitFactory();

????????????//打印（來(lái)自父類的）：水果有各種吃法。。。
????????????Fruit?fA?=?ff.CreateFruit("Apple");
????????????fA.Eating();

????????????//打印（來(lái)自子類的）：蘋果洗了吃。。。
????????????Apple?apple?=?ff.CreateFruit("Apple")?as?Apple;
????????????apple.Eating();

????????????Fruit?fB?=?ff.CreateFruit("Banana");
????????????fB.Eating();

????????????Fruit?fC?=?ff.CreateFruit("Orange");
????????????fC.Eating();
????????}
????}
}

?

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