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CentOS Git服务安装

發(fā)布時(shí)間：2025/7/14 编程问答 27 豆豆

生活随笔收集整理的這篇文章主要介紹了 CentOS Git服务安装小編覺得挺不錯(cuò)的,現(xiàn)在分享給大家,幫大家做個(gè)參考.

安裝yum源

yum -y install http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm

vim /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo

baseurl去掉注釋

注釋mirrorlist

安裝git環(huán)境所需的包

yum -y install libicu-devel patch gcc-c++ readline-devel zlib-devel libffi-devel openssl-devel make autoconf automake libtool bison libxml2-devel libxslt-devel libyaml-devel zlib-devel openssl-devel cpio expat-devel gettext-devel curl-devel perl-ExtUtils-CBuilder perl-ExtUtils-MakeMaker

移除機(jī)器上現(xiàn)有的git ruby

yum -y remove git ruby

安裝git

mkdir /tmp/git && cd /tmp/git

wget https://www.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/git-1.8.4.1.tar.gz

tar -zxvf git-1.8.4.1.tar.gz

cd git-1.8.4.1/

make prefix=/usr/local all

make prefix=/usr/local install

ln -fs /usr/local/bin/git* /usr/bin/

安裝ruby

mkdir /tmp/ruby && cd /tmp/ruby

curl --progress ftp://ftp.ruby-lang.org/pub/ruby/2.0/ruby-2.0.0-p353.tar.gz | tar xz

cd ruby-2.0.0-p353/

./configure --disable-install-rdoc

make && make install

gem source -r https://rubygems.org/

gem source -a http://ruby.taobao.org/

gem install bundler --no-ri --no-rdoc

ln -s /usr/local/bin/ruby /usr/bin/ruby

ln -s /usr/local/bin/gem /usr/bin/gem

ln -s /usr/local/bin/bundle /usr/bin/bundle

新建git賬號(hào)并允許sudo

useradd --comment 'GitLab' git

echo "git ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL" >> /etc/sudoers

安裝git-shell

su - git

sudo -u git -H git clone https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-shell.git -b v1.8.0

cd gitlab-shell/

sudo -u git -H cp config.yml.example config.yml

vim config.yml

修改gitlab域名

gitlab_url: "http://localhost/"

如：

gitlab_url: "http://gitlab.example.com/“

:wq!

sudo -u git -H ./bin/install

使用mysql并建立gitlab數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，本機(jī)如果沒有mysql直接yum安裝即可

sudo yum -y install mysql mysql-devel mysql-server

sudo /etc/init.d/mysqld start

mysql -uroot -p

CREATE USER 'gituser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'gitpasswd';

CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS `gitlabhq_production` DEFAULT CHARACTER SET `utf8` COLLATE `utf8_unicode_ci`;

GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, CREATE, DROP, INDEX, ALTER ON `gitlabhq_production`.*TO 'gituser'@'localhost';

測(cè)試gituser登陸數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)是否正常

sudo -u git -H mysql -u gituser -p -D gitlabhq_production

安裝redis

sudo yum -y install redis

sudo /etc/init.d/redis start

sudo chkconfig redis on

安裝gitlab

cd /home/git

sudo -u git -H git clone https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ce.git -b 6-4-stable gitlab

cd /home/git/gitlab

sudo -u git -H cp config/gitlab.yml.example config/gitlab.yml

vim config/gitlab.yml

修改git域名，上面git-shell配置文件里面定義的

gitlab:

? ## Web server settings

? host: gitlab.example.com

? port: 80

? https: false

修改git path

git:

? bin_path: /usr/local/bin/git

:wq!

添加相應(yīng)文件的權(quán)限、新建必要的文件及復(fù)制配置文件

chown -R git log/

chown -R git tmp/

chmod -R u+rwX? log/

chmod -R u+rwX? tmp/

sudo -u git -H mkdir /home/git/gitlab-satellites

sudo -u git -H mkdir tmp/pids/

sudo -u git -H mkdir tmp/sockets/

sudo chmod -R u+rwX tmp/pids/

sudo chmod -R u+rwX tmp/sockets/

sudo -u git -H mkdir public/uploads

sudo chmod -R u+rwX public/uploads/

sudo -u git -H cp config/unicorn.rb.example config/unicorn.rb

sudo -u git -H cp config/initializers/rack_attack.rb.example config/initializers/rack_attack.rb

設(shè)置gitlab全局賬號(hào)

sudo -u git -H git config --global user.name "GitLab"

sudo -u git -H git config --global user.email "gitlab@localhost"

sudo -u git -H git config --global core.autocrlf input

設(shè)置數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)連接文件信息，如下是我數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)信息配置：

sudo -u git cp config/database.yml.mysql config/database.yml

sudo -u git -H vim config/database.yml

# PRODUCTION

production:

? adapter: mysql2

? encoding: utf8

? reconnect: false

? database: gitlabhq_production

? pool: 10

? username: gituser

? password: "gitpasswd”

? # host: localhost

? # socket: /tmp/mysql.sock

# Development specific

development:

? adapter: mysql2

? encoding: utf8

? reconnect: false

? database: gitlabhq_development

? pool: 5

? username: gituser

? password: "gitpasswd”

? # socket: /tmp/mysql.sock

# Warning: The database defined as "test" will be erased and

# re-generated from your development database when you run "rake".

# Do not set this db to the same as development or production.

test: &test

? adapter: mysql2

? encoding: utf8

? reconnect: false

? database: gitlabhq_test

? pool: 5

? username: gituser

? password: "gitpasswd”

? # socket: /tmp/mysql.sock

安裝gems

cd /home/git/gitlab

vim Gemfile

修改source "https://rubygems.org/"

為source "http://ruby.taobao.org/"

vim Gemfile.lock

修改remote: https://rubygems.org/

為remote: http://ruby.taobao.org/

:wq

sudo -u git -H bundle install --deployment --without development test postgres aws

如出現(xiàn)此類錯(cuò)誤Could not find modernizr-2.6.2 in any of the sources，則修改：

vim Gemfile

修改:gem "modernizr",??????? "2.6.2"

為gem "modernizr-rails",? "2.7.1"

:wq

vim Gemfile.lock

修改:modernizr (2.6.2)

為:modernizr-rails (2.7.1)

修改:modernizr (= 2.6.2)

為:modernizr-rails (= 2.7.1)

:wq

再次運(yùn)行：sudo -u git -H bundle install --deployment --without development test postgres aws

初始化數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)

sudo -u git -H bundle exec rake gitlab:setup RAILS_ENV=production

Do you want to continue (yes/no)? yes

初始化完成后最后兩行就是你gitlab默認(rèn)的用戶名密碼

配置啟動(dòng)及日志切割文件

sudo cp lib/support/init.d/gitlab /etc/init.d/gitlab

sudo cp lib/support/init.d/gitlab.default.example /etc/default/gitlab

sudo cp lib/support/logrotate/gitlab /etc/logrotate.d/gitlab

測(cè)試環(huán)境信息

sudo -u git -H bundle exec rake gitlab:env:info RAILS_ENV=production

安裝nginx

sudo yum -y install nginx

以下是我nginx主配置文件內(nèi)容

cat /etc/nginx/nginx.conf | grep -v "^#" | grep -v "^$"

user? ? ? ? ? ? ? root git;

worker_processes? 2;

pid? ? ? ? /var/run/nginx.pid;

events {

? ? worker_connections? 1024;

}

http {

? ? include ? ? ? /etc/nginx/mime.types;

? ? default_type? application/octet-stream;

? ? log_format? main? '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

upstream gitlab {

? ? server unix:/home/git/gitlab/tmp/sockets/gitlab.socket;

}

server {

? ? listen *:80 default_server;

? ? server_name gitlab.example.com;

? ? server_tokens off;

? ? root /home/git/gitlab/public;

? ? client_max_body_size 5m;

? ? access_log? /var/log/nginx/gitlab_access.log;

? ? error_log ? /var/log/nginx/gitlab_error.log;

? ? location / {

? ? ? ? try_files $uri $uri/index.html $uri.html @gitlab;

? ? }

? ? location @gitlab {

? ? ? ? proxy_read_timeout 300;

? ? ? ? proxy_connect_timeout 300;

? ? ? ? proxy_redirect ? ? off;

? ? ? ? proxy_set_header ? X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;

? ? ? ? proxy_set_header ? Host? ? ? ? ? ? ? $http_host;

? ? ? ? proxy_set_header ? X-Real-IP ? ? ? ? $remote_addr;

? ? ? ? proxy_set_header ? X-Forwarded-For ? $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

? ? ? ? proxy_pass http://gitlab;

? ? }

}

? ? #tcp_nopush ? ? on;

? ? #keepalive_timeout? 0;

? ? #gzip? on;

?? ?

? ? # Load config files from the /etc/nginx/conf.d directory

? ? # The default server is in conf.d/default.conf

}

更改權(quán)限及啟動(dòng)nginx

sudo nginx -t

sudo chown -R git.git /var/lib/nginx/

sudo /etc/init.d/nginx start

拉取gitlab靜態(tài)資源文件

cd?/home/git/gitlab

sudo -u git -H bundle exec rake assets:precompile RAILS_ENV=production

啟動(dòng)gitlab

sudo /etc/init.d/gitlab start

檢查各個(gè)組件是否正常工作

sudo -u git -H bundle exec rake gitlab:check RAILS_ENV=production

一切正常的話使用你的瀏覽器訪問gitlab吧（域名訪問，修改hosts文件先）

http://gitlab.example.com

賬號(hào)密碼為上面初始化數(shù)據(jù)后顯示的賬號(hào)密碼

admin@local.host/5iveL!fe

客戶端首次git clone正常git push后報(bào)類似以下錯(cuò)誤：

fatal: protocol error: bad line length character: 12e

fatal: The remote end hung up unexpectedly

之后在別的地方git clone失敗

nginx訪問日志報(bào)類似以下信息：

10.0.0.5 - - [02/Sep/2014:17:22:50 +0800] "GET /root/testops.git/info/refs?service=git-upload-pack HTTP/1.1" 200 282 "-" "git/1.9.3 (Apple Git-50)"

10.0.0.5 - - [02/Sep/2014:17:22:50 +0800] "POST /root/testops.git/git-upload-pack HTTP/1.1" 200 726 "-" "git/1.9.3 (Apple Git-50)"

解決：

gitlab和nginx版本兼容上出現(xiàn)問題，升級(jí)nginx版本到nginx1.6.0問題解決

本機(jī)mail對(duì)外發(fā)送郵件正常，gitlab發(fā)送失敗，/var/log/maillog顯示類似以下錯(cuò)誤：

Jan ?8 15:04:04 centos01 sendmail[7374]: t08741Sq007372: to=<xxxxx@126.com>, delay=00:00:03, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=esmtp, pri=122161, relay=qiye163mx01.mxmail.netease.com. [220.181.97.145], dsn=5.0.0, stat=Service unavailable

Jan ?8 15:04:04 centos01 sendmail[7374]: t08741Sq007372: t08744Sq007374: DSN: Service unavailable

Jan ?8 15:07:41 centos01 sendmail[7573]: t083rICS007905: to=<example@example.com>, delay=03:14:23, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=esmtp, pri=753386, relay=example.com., dsn=4.0.0, stat=Deferred: Connection timed out with example.com.

修改example@example.com為本機(jī)可識(shí)別的地址，如：

vim?/home/git/gitlab/config/gitlab.yml

替換example@example.com為/home/git/.gitconfig里面的郵件地址，就是上文“設(shè)置gitlab全局賬號(hào)”下的郵箱地址

git push報(bào)以下錯(cuò)誤：

localhost:test guwenqiang$ git push -u origin master

Counting objects: 4, done.

Delta compression using up to 4 threads.

Compressing objects: 100% (3/3), done.

Writing objects: 100% (3/3), 1.06 MiB | 0 bytes/s, done.

Total 3 (delta 1), reused 0 (delta 0)

fatal: The remote end hung up unexpectedly

Everything up-to-date

push文件過大導(dǎo)致，解決方法如下：

客戶端（push報(bào)錯(cuò)機(jī)器）執(zhí)行：

linux：

git config http.postBuffer 524288000

windows:

在.git/config 文件中加入

[http]

postBuffer = 524288000

git clone報(bào)錯(cuò)如下：

Cloning into 'opstest'...

remote: Not Found

fatal: repository 'http://git.inner-dev.sincestar.com/guwenqiang/opstest.git/' not found

解決：

拉取gitlab-ssl文件至/etc/nginx/sites-available/gitlab

gitlab-ssl信息（）：

域名換為git.domob-inc.cn

cat sites-available/gitlab | grep -v "^{#" | grep -v "}$"

upstream gitlab {

server unix:/home/git/gitlab/tmp/sockets/gitlab.socket;

}

server {

listen *:80 default_server;

server_name gitlab.example.com; ## Replace this with something like gitlab.example.com

server_tokens off; ## Don't show the nginx version number, a security best practice

root /nowhere; ## root doesn't have to be a valid path since we are redirecting

rewrite?^{https://$server_name$request_uri?permanent;}

}

server {

listen 443 ssl;

server_name YOUR_SERVER_FQDN; ## Replace this with something like gitlab.example.com

server_tokens off;

root /home/git/gitlab/public;

## Increase this if you want to upload large p_w_uploads

## Or if you want to accept large git objects over http

client_max_body_size 20m;

## Strong SSL Security

##?https://raymii.org/s/tutorials/Strong_SSL_Security_On_nginx.html

ssl on;

ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/ssl/gitlab.crt;

ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/ssl/gitlab.key;

ssl_ciphers 'ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA:EDH-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA:AES256-GCM-SHA384:AES128-GCM-SHA256:AES256-SHA256:AES128-SHA256:AES256-SHA:AES128-SHA:DES-CBC3-SHA:HIGH:!aNULL:!eNULL:!EXPORT:!CAMELLIA:!DES:!MD5:!PSK:!RC4';

ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;

ssl_session_cache builtin:1000 shared:SSL:10m;

ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;

add_header Strict-Transport-Security max-age=63072000;

add_header X-Frame-Options DENY;

add_header X-Content-Type-Options nosniff;

## Individual nginx logs for this?GitLab?vhost

access_log /var/log/nginx/gitlab_access.log;

error_log /var/log/nginx/gitlab_error.log;

location / {

## Serve static files from defined root folder.

## @gitlab is a named location for the upstream fallback, see below.

try_files $uri $uri/index.html $uri.html @gitlab;

}

## If a file, which is not found in the root folder is requested,

## then the proxy pass the request to the upsteam (gitlab unicorn).

location @gitlab {

## If you use https make sure you disable gzip compression

## to be safe against BREACH attack.

gzip off;

##?https://github.com/gitlabhq/gitlabhq/issues/694

## Some requests take more than 30 seconds.

proxy_read_timeout 300;

proxy_connect_timeout 300;

proxy_redirect off;

proxy_set_header Host $http_host;

proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;

proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Ssl on;

proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;

proxy_set_header X-Frame-Options SAMEORIGIN;

proxy_pass?http://gitlab;

}

## Enable gzip compression as per rails guide:

##?http://guides.rubyonrails.org/asset_pipeline.html#gzip-compression

## WARNING: If you are using relative urls do remove the block below

## See config/application.rb under "Relative url support" for the list of

## other files that need to be changed for relative url support

location ~?^{/(assets)/ {}

root /home/git/gitlab/public;

gzip_static on; # to serve pre-gzipped version

expires max;

add_header Cache-Control public;

}

error_page 502 /502.html;

}

ln -sf /etc/nginx/sites-available/gitlab /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/gitlab

重啟gitlab nginx服務(wù)即可

git push報(bào)錯(cuò)如下：

Counting objects: 3, done.

Delta compression using up to 4 threads.

Compressing objects: 100% (2/2), done.

Writing objects: 100% (3/3), 256 bytes | 0 bytes/s, done.

Total 3 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0)

remote: /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/bundler-1.3.1/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:216: warning: Insecure world writable dir /data in PATH, mode 040777

remote: GitLab: You are not allowed to access master!

remote: error: hook declined to update refs/heads/master

To http://git.inner-dev.sincestar.com/guwenqiang/opstest.git

?! [remote rejected] master -> master (hook declined)

error: failed to push some refs to 'http://git.inner-dev.sincestar.com/guwenqiang/opstest.git'

解決：

上面一共報(bào)了兩個(gè)地方的錯(cuò)誤：

1、提示已經(jīng)說明/data目錄權(quán)限不安全，ll看后發(fā)現(xiàn)權(quán)限為777，改為755第一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤解決。

2、鏈接出錯(cuò)，刪除/data/home/git/gitlab-shell/hooks/update文件

問題：

gitlab升級(jí)后訪問網(wǎng)頁(yè)端界面布局全亂了

解決：

service gitlab stop

cd /home/git/gitlab

sudo -u git -H bundle exec rake assets:clean assets:precompile cache:clear RAILS_ENV=production

service gitlab start

轉(zhuǎn)載于:https://blog.51cto.com/guwenqiang/1577067

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