本文轉載自 http://blog.china unix.net/uid-24631445-id-3419097.html 不過本人在此將源碼修改為3.14.3的源碼了
當按下開機鍵后，電腦經過自檢，執行引導程序，內核初始化，然后創建了內核線程init線程，init線程調用do_basic_setup()來初始化外部設備，加載驅動程序.... ?（這一段實在其他地方看來的，并不表示我看過內核初始化的代碼）
文件/init/main.c static void __init do_basic_setup(void) { ????????cpuset_init_smp(); ????????usermodehelper_init(); ????????shmem_init(); ????????driver_init(); ????????init_irq_proc(); ????????do_ctors(); ????????usermodehelper_enable(); ????????do_initcalls(); ????????random_int_secret_init(); }
下面是driver_init()函數 文件/drivers/base/init.c void __init driver_init(void) { ???????? ????????devtmpfs_init(); ????????devices_init(); ????????buses_init(); ????????classes_init(); ????????firmware_init(); ????????hypervisor_init();
???????? ????????platform_bus_init(); ????????cpu_dev_init(); ????????memory_dev_init(); ????????container_dev_init(); }
它又調用了devices_init()、buses_init()、chasses_init()；
下面是devices_init() 文件/drivers/base/core.c int __init devices_init(void) { ????????devices_kset = kset_create_and_add("devices", &device_uevent_ops, NULL); ????????if (!devices_kset) ????????????????return -ENOMEM; ????????dev_kobj = kobject_create_and_add("dev", NULL); ????????if (!dev_kobj) ????????????????goto dev_kobj_err; ????????sysfs_dev_block_kobj = kobject_create_and_add("block", dev_kobj); ????????if (!sysfs_dev_block_kobj) ????????????????goto block_kobj_err; ????????sysfs_dev_char_kobj = kobject_create_and_add("char", dev_kobj); ????????if (!sysfs_dev_char_kobj) ????????????????goto char_kobj_err;
????????return 0;
?char_kobj_err: ????????kobject_put(sysfs_dev_block_kobj); ?block_kobj_err: ????????kobject_put(dev_kobj); ?dev_kobj_err: ????????kset_unregister(devices_kset); ????????return -ENOMEM; }
因此devices_init()就是調用kset_create_and_add和kobject_create_and_add函數來創建kset和kobject對象。 devices_kset?=?kset_create_and_add("devices",?&device_uevent_ops,?NULL); dev_kobj?=?kobject_create_and_add("dev",?NULL); sysfs_dev_block_kobj?=?kobject_create_and_add("block",?dev_kobj); sysfs_dev_char_kobj?=?kobject_create_and_add("char",?dev_kobj);
下面的buses_init，classes_init，firmware_init，hypervisor_init與此類似，下面列出這些函數創建的kset和kobject對象。在創建這些對象的時候也會在/sys目錄下創建相應的目錄。

1. buses_init:
   
2. ?????bus_kset?=?kset_create_and_add("bus",?&bus_uevent_ops,?NULL);
   
3. ?????????system_kset = kset_create_and_add("system", NULL, &devices_kset->kobj);
4. 
   
5. classes_init:
   
6. ?????class_kset?=?kset_create_and_add("class",?NULL,?NULL);
   
7. 
   
8. firmware_init:
   
9. ?????firmware_kobj?=?kobject_create_and_add("firmware",?NULL);
   
10. 
    
11. hypervisor_init:
    
12. ?????hypervisor_kobj?=?kobject_create_and_add("hypervisor",?NULL);

接著是函數：platform_bus_init()，
文件/drivers/base/platform.c

1. int?__init platform_bus_init(void)
   
2. {
   
3. ????int?error;
   
4. ????early_platform_cleanup();
   
5. ???
6. ????error?=?device_register(&platform_bus);
   
7. ????if(error)?return?error;
   
8. ???
9. ????error?=?bus_register(&platform_bus_type);
   
10. ????if(error)
11. ????device_unregister(&platform_bus);
    
12. ????return?error;
    
13. }
14. ?
15. struct device platform_bus = {
16. ????.init_name = "platform",
17. };
18. 
    
19. struct bus_type platform_bus_type = {
20. ????.name ?????= "platform",
21. ????.dev_groups ????= platform_dev_groups,
22. ????.match ????= platform_match,
23. ????.uevent ???= platform_uevent,
24. ????.pm ???????= &platform_dev_pm_ops
25. };

接著是：cpu_dev_init(); 文件/drivers/base/cpu.c void __init cpu_dev_init(void) { ????????if (subsys_system_register(&cpu_subsys, cpu_root_attr_groups)) ????????????????panic("Failed to register CPU subsystem");
????????cpu_dev_register_generic(); }
struct bus_type cpu_subsys = { ????????.name = "cpu", ????????.dev_name = "cpu", ????????.match = cpu_subsys_match, #ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU ????????.online = cpu_subsys_online, ????????.offline = cpu_subsys_offline, #endif };

下面是subsys_system_register()函數 文件/drivers/base/bus.c int subsys_system_register(struct bus_type *subsys, ??const struct attribute_group **groups) { ????????return subsys_register(subsys, groups, &system_kset->kobj); } 因此在/sys/devices/system目錄下創建了cpu目錄
最后是memory_dev_init函數 文件/drivers/base/memory.c int __init memory_dev_init(void) { ????????unsigned int i; ????????int ret; ????????int err; ????????unsigned long block_sz;
????????ret = subsys_system_register(&memory_subsys, memory_root_attr_groups); ????????if (ret) ????????????????goto out;
????????block_sz = get_memory_block_size(); ????????sections_per_block = block_sz / MIN_MEMORY_BLOCK_SIZE;
????????mutex_lock(&mem_sysfs_mutex); ????????for (i = 0; i < NR_MEM_SECTIONS; i += sections_per_block) { ????????????????err = add_memory_block(i); ????????????????if (!ret) ????????????????????????ret = err; ????????} ????????mutex_unlock(&mem_sysfs_mutex);
out: ????????if (ret) ????????????????printk(KERN_ERR "%s() failed: %d\n", __func__, ret); ????????return ret; }
可以看出整個driver_init()只是在/sys下創建了一系列的kset和kobject對象和相應的目錄，但沒有創建任何真正的設備，或者虛擬的設備。比如/sys/devices/system/cpu目錄下的cpu0目錄的創建，這些可能是在do_initcalls中處理的，我得先搞清楚這個函數是怎么起作用的

總結

以上是生活随笔為你收集整理的linux设备：初始化的全部內容，希望文章能夠幫你解決所遇到的問題。

如果覺得生活随笔網站內容還不錯，歡迎將生活随笔推薦給好友。