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C# Socket系列三 socket通信的封包和拆包

發(fā)布時(shí)間：2023/11/27 生活经验 48 豆豆

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通過系列二我們已經(jīng)實(shí)現(xiàn)了socket的簡單通信接下來我們測試一下，在時(shí)間應(yīng)用的場景下，我們會快速且大量的傳輸數(shù)據(jù)的情況！

 1    class Program
 2     {
 3         static void Main(string[] args)
 4         {
 5             TCPListener tcp = new TCPListener();
 6             TSocketClient client = new TSocketClient();
 7             for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
 8             {
 9                 client.SendMsg(System.Text.UTF8Encoding.Default.GetBytes("Holle Server！"));
10             }
11             Console.ReadLine();
12         }
13     }

我們通過測試代碼快速發(fā)送10條消息到服務(wù)器去，

我們看看運(yùn)行結(jié)果

這樣不難看出，我們的客戶端發(fā)送了10條消息，但是服務(wù)器收到的時(shí)候變成了兩條消息，回復(fù)客戶端自然就變成兩次回復(fù)。

這是為什么呢？

我們修改一下程序一秒鐘發(fā)送一次消息試試

 1    class Program
 2     {
 3         static void Main(string[] args)
 4         {
 5             TCPListener tcp = new TCPListener();
 6             TSocketClient client = new TSocketClient();
 7             for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
 8             {
 9                 Thread.Sleep(1000);
10                 client.SendMsg(System.Text.UTF8Encoding.Default.GetBytes("Holle Server！"));
11             }
12             Console.ReadLine();
13         }
14     }

運(yùn)行看看，

這次對了那么分析分析到底為什么呢？
這是socket的底層，做的手腳。因?yàn)槲以O(shè)置socket的發(fā)送和接受緩沖區(qū)
//10K的緩沖區(qū)空間 private int BufferSize = 10 * 1024; 10k的緩沖區(qū)，
且socket的底層 發(fā)送消息會有一定間隙，雖然這個(gè)時(shí)間很短，但是我們直接for循環(huán)發(fā)送的話，時(shí)間同意很快，
因?yàn)閟ocket.send()方法并非真實(shí)的發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)而是把數(shù)據(jù)壓入發(fā)送緩沖區(qū)。
那么我們就明白了為什么會出現(xiàn)上面的情況
出現(xiàn)了這樣的情況我們要怎么解決呢？
時(shí)間應(yīng)用場景不可能1秒鐘才一條消息啥。
我們知道了導(dǎo)致這個(gè)問題的原因是因?yàn)橄l(fā)送是出現(xiàn)了快速壓入很多發(fā)送消息到待發(fā)送緩沖區(qū)里面一起發(fā)送導(dǎo)致的。這樣情況就是粘包了，那么我們是不是可以考慮給每一個(gè)消息加入包標(biāo)識呢？

接下來我們修改一下發(fā)送包的數(shù)據(jù)代碼

創(chuàng)建消息的構(gòu)造體?TSocketMessage

 1  /// <summary>
 2     /// 底層通信消息
 3     /// </summary>
 4     public class TSocketMessage : IDisposable
 5     {
 6         /// <summary>
 7         /// 消息ID
 8         /// </summary>
 9         public int MsgID;
10         /// <summary>
11         /// 消息內(nèi)容
12         /// </summary>
13         public byte[] MsgBuffer;
14 
15         public TSocketMessage(int msgID, byte[] msg)
16         {
17             this.MsgID = msgID;
18             this.MsgBuffer = msg;
19         }
20 
21         public void Dispose()
22         {
23             this.Dispose(true);
24             GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
25         }
26 
27         protected virtual void Dispose(bool flag1)
28         {
29             if (flag1) { this.MsgBuffer = null; }
30         }
31     }

接下來我們創(chuàng)建消息包的封裝和拆分?MarshalEndian

  1  public class MarshalEndian
  2     {
  3         //用于存儲剩余未解析的字節(jié)數(shù)
  4         private List<byte> _LBuff = new List<byte>(2);
  5         //默認(rèn)是utf8的編碼格式
  6         private UTF8Encoding utf8 = new UTF8Encoding();
  7 
  8         //包頭1
  9         const Int16 t1 = 0x55;
 10         //包頭2
 11         const Int16 t2 = 0xAA;
 12         //字節(jié)數(shù)常量 兩個(gè)包頭4個(gè)字節(jié)，一個(gè)消息id4個(gè)字節(jié)，封裝消息長度 long 8個(gè)字節(jié)
 13         const long ConstLenght = 12L;
 14 
 15         public void Dispose()
 16         {
 17             this.Dispose(true);
 18             GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
 19         }
 20 
 21         protected virtual void Dispose(bool flag1)
 22         {
 23             if (flag1)
 24             {
 25                 IDisposable disposable2 = this.utf8 as IDisposable;
 26                 if (disposable2 != null) { disposable2.Dispose(); }
 27                 IDisposable disposable = this._LBuff as IDisposable;
 28                 if (disposable != null) { disposable.Dispose(); }
 29             }
 30         }
 31 
 32         public byte[] Encode(TSocketMessage msg)
 33         {
 34             MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream();
 35             BinaryWriter bw = new BinaryWriter(ms, new UTF8Encoding());
 36             byte[] msgBuffer = msg.MsgBuffer;
 37 
 38             #region 封裝包頭
 39             bw.Write((Int16)t1);
 40             bw.Write((Int16)t2);
 41             #endregion
 42 
 43             #region 包協(xié)議
 44             if (msgBuffer != null)
 45             {
 46                 bw.Write((Int64)(msgBuffer.Length + 4));
 47                 bw.Write(msg.MsgID);
 48                 bw.Write(msgBuffer);
 49             }
 50             else { bw.Write((Int64)0); }
 51             #endregion
 52 
 53             bw.Close();
 54             ms.Close();
 55             bw.Dispose();
 56             ms.Dispose();
 57             return ms.ToArray();
 58         }
 59 
 60         public List<TSocketMessage> GetDcAppMess(byte[] buff, int len)
 61         {
 62             //拷貝本次的有效字節(jié)
 63             byte[] _b = new byte[len];
 64             Array.Copy(buff, 0, _b, 0, _b.Length);
 65             buff = _b;
 66             if (this._LBuff.Count > 0)
 67             {
 68                 //拷貝之前遺留的字節(jié)
 69                 this._LBuff.AddRange(_b);
 70                 buff = this._LBuff.ToArray();
 71                 this._LBuff.Clear();
 72                 this._LBuff = new List<byte>(2);
 73             }
 74 
 75             List<TSocketMessage> list = new List<TSocketMessage>();
 76             MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(buff);
 77             BinaryReader buffers = new BinaryReader(ms, this.utf8);
 78             try
 79             {
 80                 byte[] _buff;
 81             Label_0073:
 82                 //判斷本次解析的字節(jié)是否滿足常量字節(jié)數(shù) 
 83                 if ((buffers.BaseStream.Length - buffers.BaseStream.Position) < ConstLenght)
 84                 {
 85                     _buff = new byte[(int)(buffers.BaseStream.Length - buffers.BaseStream.Position)];
 86                     Array.Copy(buff, (int)buffers.BaseStream.Position, _buff, 0, _buff.Length);
 87                     this._LBuff.AddRange(_buff);
 88                     return list;
 89                 }
 90                 #region 包頭讀取
 91             //循環(huán)讀取包頭
 92             Label_00983:
 93                 Int16 tt1 = buffers.ReadInt16();
 94                 Int16 tt2 = buffers.ReadInt16();
 95                 if (!(tt1 == t1 && tt2 == t2))
 96                 {
 97                     long ttttt = buffers.BaseStream.Seek(-3, SeekOrigin.Current);
 98                     goto Label_00983;
 99                 }
100                 #endregion
101 
102                 #region 包協(xié)議
103                 long offset = buffers.ReadInt64();
104                 #endregion
105 
106                 #region 包解析
107                 //剩余字節(jié)數(shù)大于本次需要讀取的字節(jié)數(shù)
108                 if (offset < (buffers.BaseStream.Length - buffers.BaseStream.Position))
109                 {
110                     int msgID = buffers.ReadInt32();
111                     _buff = new byte[offset - 4];
112                     Array.Copy(buff, (int)buffers.BaseStream.Position, _buff, 0, _buff.Length);
113                     list.Add(new TSocketMessage(msgID, _buff));
114                     //設(shè)置偏移量 然后繼續(xù)循環(huán)讀取
115                     buffers.BaseStream.Seek(offset, SeekOrigin.Current);
116                     goto Label_0073;
117                 }
118                 else if (offset == (buffers.BaseStream.Length - buffers.BaseStream.Position))
119                 {
120                     int msgID = buffers.ReadInt32();
121                     //剩余字節(jié)數(shù)剛好等于本次讀取的字節(jié)數(shù)
122                     _buff = new byte[offset - 4];
123                     Array.Copy(buff, (int)buffers.BaseStream.Position, _buff, 0, _buff.Length);
124                     list.Add(new TSocketMessage(msgID, _buff));
125                 }
126                 else
127                 {
128                     //剩余字節(jié)數(shù)剛好小于本次讀取的字節(jié)數(shù) 存起來，等待接受剩余字節(jié)數(shù)一起解析
129                     _buff = new byte[(int)(buffers.BaseStream.Length - buffers.BaseStream.Position + ConstLenght)];
130                     Array.Copy(buff, (int)(buffers.BaseStream.Position - ConstLenght), _buff, 0, _buff.Length);
131                     buff = _buff;
132                     this._LBuff.AddRange(_buff);
133                 }
134                 #endregion
135 
136             }
137             catch { }
138             finally
139             {
140                 if (buffers != null) { buffers.Dispose(); }
141                 buffers.Close();
142                 if (buffers != null) { buffers.Dispose(); }
143                 ms.Close();
144                 if (ms != null) { ms.Dispose(); }
145             }
146             return list;
147         }
148     }

接下來我們修改一下?TSocketBase 的抽象方法??

1  public abstract void Receive(TSocketMessage msg);

在修改接受消息回調(diào)函數(shù)

 1   /// <summary>
 2         /// 消息解析器
 3         /// </summary>
 4         MarshalEndian mersha = new MarshalEndian();
 5 
 6         /// <summary>
 7         /// 接收消息回調(diào)函數(shù)
 8         /// </summary>
 9         /// <param name="iar"></param>
10         private void ReceiveCallback(IAsyncResult iar)
11         {
12             if (!this.IsDispose)
13             {
14                 try
15                 {
16                     //接受消息
17                     ReceiveSize = _Socket.EndReceive(iar, out ReceiveError);
18                     //檢查狀態(tài)碼
19                     if (!CheckSocketError(ReceiveError) && SocketError.Success == ReceiveError)
20                     {
21                         //判斷接受的字節(jié)數(shù)
22                         if (ReceiveSize > 0)
23                         {
24                             byte[] rbuff = new byte[ReceiveSize];
25                             Array.Copy(this.Buffers, rbuff, ReceiveSize);
26                             var msgs = mersha.GetDcAppMess(rbuff, ReceiveSize);
27                             foreach (var msg in msgs)
28                             {
29                                 this.Receive(msg);
30                             }
31                             //重置連續(xù)收到空字節(jié)數(shù)
32                             ZeroCount = 0;
33                             //繼續(xù)開始異步接受消息
34                             ReceiveAsync();
35                         }
36                         else
37                         {
38                             ZeroCount++;
39                             if (ZeroCount == 5) { this.Close("錯(cuò)誤鏈接"); }
40                         }
41                     }
42                 }
43                 catch (System.Net.Sockets.SocketException) { this.Close("鏈接已經(jīng)被關(guān)閉"); }
44                 catch (System.ObjectDisposedException) { this.Close("鏈接已經(jīng)被關(guān)閉"); }
45             }
46         }

這樣我們完成了在收到消息后對數(shù)據(jù)包的解析。

修改一下TSocketClient的 Receive?重寫方法

 1         /// <summary>
 2         /// 收到消息后
 3         /// </summary>
 4         /// <param name="rbuff"></param>
 5         public override void Receive(TSocketMessage msg)
 6         {
 7             Console.WriteLine("Receive ID：" + msg.MsgID + " Msg：" + System.Text.UTF8Encoding.Default.GetString(msg.MsgBuffer));
 8             if (isServer)
 9             {
10                 this.SendMsg(new TSocketMessage(msg.MsgID, System.Text.UTF8Encoding.Default.GetBytes("Holle Client！")));
11             }
12         }

修改測試代碼如下

 1     class Program
 2     {
 3         static void Main(string[] args)
 4         {
 5             TCPListener tcp = new TCPListener();
 6             TSocketClient client = new TSocketClient();
 7             for (int i = 1; i < 5; i++)
 8             {
 9                 Thread.Sleep(1000);
10                 client.SendMsg(new TSocketMessage(i, System.Text.UTF8Encoding.Default.GetBytes("Holle Server！")));
11             }
12             Console.ReadLine();
13         }
14     }

運(yùn)行結(jié)果

接受成功了，那么我們?nèi)∠麜和顟B(tài)，快速發(fā)送消息試試

 1     class Program
 2     {
 3         static void Main(string[] args)
 4         {
 5             TCPListener tcp = new TCPListener();
 6             TSocketClient client = new TSocketClient();
 7             for (int i = 1; i < 5; i++)
 8             {
 9                 client.SendMsg(new TSocketMessage(i, System.Text.UTF8Encoding.Default.GetBytes("Holle Server！")));
10             }
11             Console.ReadLine();
12         }
13     }

看看運(yùn)行結(jié)果

瞬間完成了消息發(fā)送，也沒有再出現(xiàn)第一次運(yùn)行的那樣~！

這樣完美的解決了socket通信在傳輸上發(fā)送粘包問題

下載程序完整代碼

謝謝園友發(fā)現(xiàn)的問題，

問題是這樣的原本的解包和封包的測試代碼不夠嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)導(dǎo)致解析包出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤
感謝園友發(fā)現(xiàn)問題，并提出問題。

附上最新的代碼

  1 using System;
  2 using System.Collections.Generic;
  3 using System.IO;
  4 using System.Linq;
  5 using System.Text;
  6 using System.Threading.Tasks;
  7 
  8 namespace TSocket
  9 {
 10     public class MarshalEndian
 11     {
 12         //用于存儲剩余未解析的字節(jié)數(shù)
 13         private List<byte> _LBuff = new List<byte>(2);
 14         //默認(rèn)是utf8的編碼格式
 15         private UTF8Encoding utf8 = new UTF8Encoding();
 16 
 17         //包頭1
 18         const Int16 t1 = 0x55;
 19         //包頭2
 20         const Int16 t2 = 0xAA;
 21         //字節(jié)數(shù)常量 兩個(gè)包頭4個(gè)字節(jié)，一個(gè)消息id4個(gè)字節(jié)，封裝消息長度 int32 4個(gè)字節(jié)
 22         const Int32 ConstLenght = 8;
 23 
 24         public void Dispose()
 25         {
 26             this.Dispose(true);
 27             GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
 28         }
 29 
 30         protected virtual void Dispose(bool flag1)
 31         {
 32             if (flag1)
 33             {
 34                 IDisposable disposable2 = this.utf8 as IDisposable;
 35                 if (disposable2 != null) { disposable2.Dispose(); }
 36                 IDisposable disposable = this._LBuff as IDisposable;
 37                 if (disposable != null) { disposable.Dispose(); }
 38             }
 39         }
 40 
 41         public byte[] Encode(TSocketMessage msg)
 42         {
 43             MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream();
 44             BinaryWriter bw = new BinaryWriter(ms, new UTF8Encoding());
 45             byte[] msgBuffer = msg.MsgBuffer;
 46 
 47             #region 封裝包頭
 48             bw.Write((Int16)t1);
 49             bw.Write((Int16)t2);
 50             #endregion
 51 
 52             #region 包協(xié)議
 53             if (msgBuffer != null)
 54             {
 55                 bw.Write((Int32)(msgBuffer.Length + 4));
 56                 bw.Write(msg.MsgID);
 57                 bw.Write(msgBuffer);
 58             }
 59             else { bw.Write((Int32)0); }
 60             #endregion
 61 
 62             bw.Close();
 63             ms.Close();
 64             bw.Dispose();
 65             ms.Dispose();
 66             return ms.ToArray();
 67         }
 68 
 69         public List<TSocketMessage> GetDcAppMess(byte[] buff, int len)
 70         {
 71             //拷貝本次的有效字節(jié)
 72             byte[] _b = new byte[len];
 73             Array.Copy(buff, 0, _b, 0, _b.Length);
 74             buff = _b;
 75             if (this._LBuff.Count > 0)
 76             {
 77                 //拷貝之前遺留的字節(jié)
 78                 this._LBuff.AddRange(_b);
 79                 buff = this._LBuff.ToArray();
 80                 this._LBuff.Clear();
 81                 this._LBuff = new List<byte>(2);
 82             }
 83 
 84             List<TSocketMessage> list = new List<TSocketMessage>();
 85             MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(buff);
 86             BinaryReader buffers = new BinaryReader(ms, this.utf8);
 87             try
 88             {
 89                 byte[] _buff;
 90             Label_00983:
 91 
 92                 #region 包頭讀取
 93                 //循環(huán)讀取包頭           
 94                 //判斷本次解析的字節(jié)是否滿足常量字節(jié)數(shù) 
 95                 if ((buffers.BaseStream.Length - buffers.BaseStream.Position) < ConstLenght)
 96                 {
 97                     _buff = buffers.ReadBytes((int)(buffers.BaseStream.Length - buffers.BaseStream.Position));
 98                     this._LBuff.AddRange(_buff);
 99                     return list;
100                 }
101                 Int16 tt1 = buffers.ReadInt16();
102                 Int16 tt2 = buffers.ReadInt16();
103                 if (!(tt1 == t1 && tt2 == t2))
104                 {
105                     long ttttt = buffers.BaseStream.Seek(-3, SeekOrigin.Current);
106                     goto Label_00983;
107                 }
108                 #endregion
109 
110                 #region 包協(xié)議
111                 int offset = buffers.ReadInt32();
112                 #endregion
113 
114                 #region 包解析
115                 //剩余字節(jié)數(shù)大于本次需要讀取的字節(jié)數(shù)
116                 if (offset <= (buffers.BaseStream.Length - buffers.BaseStream.Position))
117                 {
118                     int msgID = buffers.ReadInt32();
119                     _buff = buffers.ReadBytes(offset - 4);
120                     list.Add(new TSocketMessage(msgID, _buff));
121                     if ((buffers.BaseStream.Length - buffers.BaseStream.Position) > 0)
122                     {
123                         goto Label_00983;
124                     }
125                 }
126                 else
127                 {
128                     //剩余字節(jié)數(shù)剛好小于本次讀取的字節(jié)數(shù) 存起來，等待接受剩余字節(jié)數(shù)一起解析
129                     _buff = buffers.ReadBytes((int)(buffers.BaseStream.Length - buffers.BaseStream.Position + ConstLenght));
130                     this._LBuff.AddRange(_buff);
131                 }
132                 #endregion
133             }
134             catch (Exception ex) { Console.WriteLine(ex); }
135             finally
136             {
137                 if (buffers != null) { buffers.Dispose(); }
138                 buffers.Close();
139                 if (buffers != null) { buffers.Dispose(); }
140                 ms.Close();
141                 if (ms != null) { ms.Dispose(); }
142             }
143             return list;
144         }
145     }
146 }

轉(zhuǎn)載于:https://www.cnblogs.com/shizuchengxuyuan/p/4344868.html

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