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由于擴容磁盤的操作非同小可，一旦哪一步出現問題，就會導致分區損壞，數據丟失等一系列嚴重的問題，因此建議：在進行虛擬機分區擴容之前，一定要備份重要數據文件，并且先在測試機上驗證以下步驟，再應用于您的生產機器。如果虛擬機的磁盤不夠用了，建議附加新磁盤進行使用，不到萬不得已一般不要擴容磁盤分區。

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操作系統環境：

[root@hlmcent69n1 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS release 6.9 (Final)

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1.關閉虛擬機

備注：擴容磁盤需要關閉虛擬機，否則無法調整磁盤的大小

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2.調整磁盤的大小（示例中將原來的30GB調整為了100GB）

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3.等待跟新完成，啟動虛擬機，查看到整塊磁盤已經變為100G，但/dev/sda1分區還是30G

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4.使用命令：fdisk /dev/sda，重新劃分分區/dev/sda1

[root@hlmcent69n1 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdaWARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended toswitch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units tosectors (command 'u').Command (m for help): p    ##查看目前的分區信息Disk /dev/sda: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 13054 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x0005498fDevice Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *           1        3917    31456256   83  LinuxCommand (m for help): u    ##默認以柱面的形式顯示，運行該參數后會以扇區的形式顯示
Changing display/entry units to sectorsCommand (m for help): pDisk /dev/sda: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 13054 cylinders, total 209715200 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x0005498fDevice Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *        2048    62914559    31456256   83  Linux
##記錄該標黃的start值Command (m for help): d    ##將原來的/dev/sda1分區刪除
Selected partition 1Command (m for help): pDisk /dev/sda: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 13054 cylinders, total 209715200 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x0005498fDevice Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  SystemCommand (m for help): n    ##重新創建分區
Command actione   extendedp   primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First sector (63-209715199, default 63): 2048    ##該值需要與上述標黃的start值相同
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-209715199, default 209715199): 
Using default value 209715199Command (m for help): pDisk /dev/sda: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 13054 cylinders, total 209715200 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x0005498fDevice Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1            2048   209715199   104856576   83  LinuxCommand (m for help): a    ##激活分區
Partition number (1-4): 1Command (m for help): p    ##再次查看分區，確認已激活，激活后Boot對應的值為*Disk /dev/sda: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 13054 cylinders, total 209715200 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x0005498fDevice Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *        2048   209715199   104856576   83  LinuxCommand (m for help): w    ##如果確認信息無誤，運行該參數，保存退出
The partition table has been altered!Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.
The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at
the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)
Syncing disks.

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5.使用fdisk –l查看/dev/sda1已經變為了100G，但使用df –h查看/dev/sda1還是30G

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6.此時拉伸文件系統的話，輸出信息類似如下，拉伸沒有生效。需要重啟電腦以便重讀分區表后，才能成功拉伸文件系統。備注：可以使用“blkid”命令查看分區的文件系統

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7.重啟電腦后，重新使用命令：resize2fs，拉伸Ext4的文件系統，可以看到成功拉伸文件系統

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?8.重新查看，發現/dev/sda1成功拉伸為了100G，并且之前的數據文件仍然存在并可正常使用。

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轉載于:https://www.cnblogs.com/stonehe/p/8615336.html

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