當前位置：首頁 > 编程资源 > 编程问答 >内容正文

编程问答

量子信息与量子计算_量子计算为23美分。

發布時間：2023/11/29 编程问答 47 豆豆

生活随笔收集整理的這篇文章主要介紹了量子信息与量子计算_量子计算为23美分。小編覺得挺不錯的,現在分享給大家,幫大家做個參考.

量子信息與量子計算

On Aug 13, 2020, AWS announced the General Availability of Amazon Braket. Braket is their fully managed quantum computing service. It is available on an on-demand basis, much like SageMaker. That means the everyday developer and data scientist can tinker around and kick the tires.

2020年8月13日， AWS宣布了Amazon Braket的全面可用性。 Braket是其完全托管的量子計算服務。它像SageMaker一樣按需提供。這意味著每天的開發人員和數據科學家都可以修補和踢輪胎。

I wanted to take a look at the Braket Console and see how intuitive the experience was. Ease of use and friendly UI is crucial to me. I am a novice in the area of quantum computing, so I have much to learn. The introductory notebooks available make learning the basics easy. The very basics, I should say. The science behind the magic gets quite complicated, but it is interesting.

我想看一下Braket Console，看看這種體驗有多直觀。易于使用和友好的用戶界面對我至關重要。我是量子計算領域的新手，因此我要學習很多東西。可用的入門筆記本使學習基礎變得容易。我應該說非常基本的東西。魔術背后的科學變得相當復雜，但這很有趣。

成本 (Cost)

My first order of business was to check out the cost. When I played around with some SageMaker projects, my AWS budget alarm kicked off early. I don’t want any $100 surprises, and I’m sure you don’t either. From what I gather, the cost is broken down differently in four areas. The notebooks are based on SageMaker pricing and billed as such. The larger your instance, the more it costs. The AWS Simulator runs at $4.50 an hour. The Quantum devices run at their own per ‘shot’ basis. And finally, you do send the output to S3, so there is a nominal storage fee. I was cautious to check my billing during this process. I knew I was running a tiny sample so that the costs would be low — less than $1.00. In the end, it cost me 23 cents.

我的第一筆生意是檢查費用。當我處理一些SageMaker項目時，我的AWS預算警報很早就開始了。我不希望有$ 100的驚喜，而且我相信您也不會。根據我的收集，成本在四個方面進行了不同的細分。這些筆記本基于SageMaker的定價，并以此計費。您的實例越大，成本就越高。 AWS模擬器每小時收費4.50美元。 Quantum器件以“發射”為基礎獨立運行。最后，您確實將輸出發送到S3，因此需要支付少量的存儲費。在此過程中，我非常謹慎地檢查帳單。我知道我正在運行一個很小的樣本，因此成本較低-不到1.00美元。最后，它花了我23美分。

23 cents to run on this geek eye candy? Not bad.

這款極客型眼糖果的價格為23美分？不錯。

準備 (Prep)

All of the information below assumes you have an AWS account set up, including billing. If you are setting up your account for the first time, there are some free tier options, though not for quantum devices.

以下所有信息均假設您已設置AWS賬戶(包括賬單)。如果您是第一次設置帳戶，則有一些免費套餐選項，但不適用于量子設備。

Once you have an account, you’ll need to name an S3 bucket for your output. Other than that, you’re ready to go.

擁有帳戶后，您需要為輸出命名一個S3存儲桶。除此之外，您已經準備好了。

運行示例 (Running the example)

Sometimes jumping into the code is the best way to learn how the hardware works. Hands-on tutorials can be hard to find at this early stage. I started with the AWS blog itself. It has a step-by-step guide with screenprints.

有時，跳入代碼是學習硬件工作方式的最佳方法。在此早期階段很難找到動手教程。我從AWS博客本身開始。它具有有關屏幕截圖的分步指南。

https://awsfeed.com/whats-new/aws/amazon-braket-go-hands-on-with-quantum-computing

It’s pretty straight forward in regards to running the sample notebooks.

就運行示例筆記本而言，這非常簡單。

I only had one small hiccup; I overlooked updating the S3 bucket variable. If you don’t update this value with the S3 bucket of your choosing, you will get this error:

我只有一個小小的打ic。我忽略了更新S3存儲桶變量。如果不使用您選擇的S3存儲桶更新此值，則會出現以下錯誤：

“ValidationException: An error occurred (ValidationException) when calling the CreateQuantumTask operation: Caller doesn’t have access to amazon-braket-<##########> or it doesn’t exist.”

If you want to run a quick test to be sure you have all of your configurations correct, below is a simple single-cell script. Based on the SuperDense example, it covers using a local simulator (that comes with the SDK), the AWS simulator, and the one quantum device (ionQ) that was available in my region at the time of my test.

如果要運行快速測試以確保所有配置正確，下面是一個簡單的單單元腳本。基于SuperDense示例，它涵蓋了使用本地模擬器(SDK附帶)，AWS模擬器以及測試時在我所在地區可用的一個量子設備( ionQ )。

# !pip show amazon-braket-sdk | grep Version# Import Braket librariesfrom braket.circuits import Circuit, Gate, Momentsfrom braket.circuits.instruction import Instructionfrom braket.aws import AwsDeviceimport matplotlib.pyplot as pltimport boto3import timefrom braket.devices import LocalSimulator# Please enter the S3 bucket you created during onboarding in the code below,# or create a new bucket named as ‘amazon-braket-<your account number>’ to run the below code without changes.aws_account_id = boto3.client(“sts”).get_caller_identity()[“Account”]my_bucket = f”amazon-braket-{aws_account_id}” # the name of the bucketmy_prefix = “simulation-output” # the name of the folder in the buckets3_folder = (my_bucket, my_prefix)# Run local simulatordevice = LocalSimulator()bell = Circuit().h(0).cnot(0, 1)print(bell)print(‘local simulator results: ‘ + str(device.run(bell, shots=100).result().measurement_counts))# Run AWS simulatordevice = AwsDevice(“arn:aws:braket:::device/quantum-simulator/amazon/sv1”)bell = Circuit().h(0).cnot(0, 1)print(‘aws simulator results: ‘)get_result(device, bell, s3_folder)

My output:

我的輸出：

image by author圖片作者

支架示例筆記本 (Braket Example Notebooks)

Advanced Circuits Algorithms

先進電路算法

Grover’s quantum algorithm
格羅弗的量子算法
Quantum Amplitude Amplification (QAA)
量子振幅放大(QAA)
Quantum Fourier Transform (QFT)
量子傅立葉變換(QFT)
Quantum Phase Estimation (QPE)
量子相位估計(QPE)

Hybrid Quantum Algorithms

混合量子算法

Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA)
量子近似優化算法(QAOA)
Transverse Ising Model with Variational Quantum Eigenvalue Solver (VQE)
具有變分量子特征值求解器(VQE)的橫向Ising模型

Quantum Annealing

量子退火

Anatomy of Quantum Annealing with D-Wave
D波的量子退火解剖
D-Wave Graph Partitioning — Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO)
D波圖分區—二次無約束二進制優化(QUBO)
D-Wave Maximum Cut Problem (MaxCut)
D波最大切割問題(MaxCut)
D-Wave Minimum Vertex Cover Problem
D波最小頂點覆蓋問題

Simple Circuits Algorithms +++ start here

簡單電路算法+++從這里開始

Anatomy of quantum circuits
量子電路的解剖
Backend Devices — GHZ state Preparation
后端設備-GHZ狀態準備
Backend Devices — Bell state Preparation
后端設備-響鈴狀態準備
Superdense Coding
超密編碼

總體 (Overall)

I was pleased to see such detailed and educational notebooks right within the notebook instance. These are not entry-level concepts, but break down the workflow nicely. It is a good intro to the platform. Above, I have listed the different folders of examples provided. I’d recommend starting with the Simple Circuit Algorithms. The instructions walk you through the building of the circuit. The circuit visualization options aren’t as nice as some other platforms, but I imagine this will improve over time. AWS is known for getting the meat of the product to market then adding in the friendlier features in subsequent releases. The price is right, so give it a try.

我很高興在筆記本實例中看到如此詳細且具有教育意義的筆記本。這些不是入門級的概念，但可以很好地分解工作流程。這是該平臺的一個很好的介紹。上面，我列出了提供的示例的不同文件夾。我建議從簡單電路算法開始。這些說明將引導您完成電路的構建。電路可視化選項不如其他平臺好，但我認為隨著時間的推移，這種情況會有所改善。 AWS以將產品推向市場然后在后續版本中添加更友好的功能而聞名。價格合適，請嘗試一下。

與往常一樣-記住停止并刪除您的筆記本實例。 (As always — remember to stop and delete your notebook instances.)