安軟件一勞永逸

If you’re like most people, the idea of public speaking terrifies you (it terrifies me too). So how do you get over those jitters, get up on stage, and give an amazing talk? First, a disclaimer: this article is purely about your stage presence, not about crafting the content of your talk.

如果您像大多數(shù)人一樣，公開演講的想法會(huì)讓您感到恐懼(也令我感到恐懼)。 那么，您如何克服這些煩惱，登上舞臺并進(jìn)行精彩的演講？ 首先，免責(zé)聲明：本文純粹是關(guān)于您的舞臺形象，而不是關(guān)于演講內(nèi)容的精心設(shè)計(jì)。

提示1：練習(xí)，練習(xí)，練習(xí)。 (Tip 1: Practice, practice, practice.)

Don’t just read through your notes, talk out loud. Talk to yourself, talk to your friends, talk to the mirror. It doesn’t matter where you practice as long as you do it out loud.

不要只是通讀筆記，大聲說出來。 與自己交談，與朋友交談，對著鏡子交談。 只要您大聲練習(xí)，在哪里練習(xí)都沒關(guān)系。

Get used to the sound of your own voice. It might sound strange at first, particularly if you haven’t done it before. But it will help you identify phrasing that sounds strange or points that don’t connect much more quickly than reading your notes in your head.

習(xí)慣自己的聲音。 一開始聽起來可能很奇怪，特別是如果您以前沒有做過的話。 但這可以幫助您識別聽起來很奇怪的短語或點(diǎn)不比閱讀您的筆記快得多的點(diǎn)。

Often, when someone tells you that you sound ‘rehearsed,’ it actually means you haven’t practiced enough to make the speech sound conversational. If you’re feeling very brave, record yourself and watch your performance. Notice your movements. Do your hands distract from the points you’re trying to make? Do you sway back and forth nervously? Are you making eye contact?

通常，當(dāng)有人告訴您您聽起來“被彩排”時(shí)，實(shí)際上意味著您沒有足夠的練習(xí)來使語音聽起來很會(huì)話。 如果您感覺非常勇敢，請記錄自己并觀看表演。 注意你的動(dòng)作。 您的手會(huì)分散您要表達(dá)的觀點(diǎn)嗎？ 你緊張地來回?fù)u擺嗎？ 你在眼神交流嗎？

提示2：傾聽他人的聲音。 (Tip 2: Listen to others.)

Watch others give talks. How do they speak, gesture, relate to the audience? Go to talks similar to the ones you want to give and pay attention - not just to the speaker’s content, but to their delivery. Do they seem excited about their talk? Are they making eye contact with the audience? What do they do with their hands? How quickly are the speaking? Now, pay attention to the audience. Are they engaged, or are they on their phones? Are you interested? Now think about why.

觀看其他人進(jìn)行演講。 他們?nèi)绾握f話，打手勢和與聽眾建立聯(lián)系？ 進(jìn)行與您要講的話題類似的話題，并注意-不僅是演講者的內(nèi)容，還包括演講內(nèi)容。 他們似乎對他們的談話感到興奮嗎？ 他們在與觀眾進(jìn)行眼神交流嗎？ 他們用手做什么？ 說話多快？ 現(xiàn)在，注意觀眾。 他們訂婚了嗎，還是在手機(jī)上？ 你感興趣嗎？ 現(xiàn)在考慮為什么。

If you need inspiration, check out these TED talks. All three speakers have very different talks and very different styles, but they have several things in common. They talk relatively slowly, pause often, and make deliberate hand gestures.

如果您需要靈感，請查看這些 TED 演講 。 這三位演講者的演講和風(fēng)格都大相徑庭，但有一些共同點(diǎn)。 他們說話相對較慢，經(jīng)常停頓，并刻意做手勢。

The best advice I ever got before giving a speech (as I tend to talk very quickly) was to speak so slowly it felt painful. Particularly as most people tend to talk faster when nervous, it’s pretty great advice.

發(fā)表演講(我傾向于很快交談)之前曾經(jīng)得到的最好建議我說話，所以慢慢地感覺痛苦。 特別是由于大多數(shù)人在緊張時(shí)往往說話速度更快，所以這是一個(gè)很好的建議。

Figure out where there is a natural break in your speech, and pause there. Take a deep breath. Hold it. Does it feel uncomfortable yet? You’re doing it right. Okay, keep going. At first, your speech cadence and pauses will feel far too slow. That’s okay. Keep doing it. On stage, when you’re nervous, you’ll naturally speed up, and your speech will feel normal.

找出語音中自然中斷的地方，然后在此處暫停。 深吸一口氣。 拿著它。 感覺還不舒服嗎？ 您做對了。 好吧，繼續(xù)前進(jìn)。 首先，您的語音節(jié)奏和停頓會(huì)感覺太慢。 沒關(guān)系。 繼續(xù)做。 在舞臺上，當(dāng)您緊張時(shí)，您自然會(huì)加快速度，并且講話會(huì)感覺正常。

提示3：避免閱讀。 (Tip 3: Avoid Reading.)

Notes, or a script, are definitely easier, but they put up a barrier between you and your audience. Try your best to avoid staring down at a screen so that you’re not distracted by looking down. Spend your time focusing on the audience instead, in order to connect with them.

注釋或腳本肯定更容易，但是它們在您和您的聽眾之間設(shè)置了障礙。 盡最大努力避免向下凝視屏幕，以免您向下看而分心。 花時(shí)間專注于觀眾，以便與他們建立聯(lián)系。

提示4：開頭和結(jié)尾。 (Tip 4: Beginnings and Endings.)

People tend to remember the beginnings and endings of things, while the middle tends to fall away. Open with something which gets your audience engaged (try asking a question, playing a game, or telling a fun anecdote). When you end, summarize your talk, and give one (or a short list) of key takeaways.

人們傾向于記住事物的開始和結(jié)束，而中間事物往往會(huì)消失。 打開一些可以吸引觀眾的東西(嘗試問問題，玩游戲或講述有趣的軼事)。 結(jié)束時(shí)，總結(jié)您的演講，并給出一個(gè)(或一小段)主要要點(diǎn)。

In order to develop this, think about your audience leaving your talk. When someone asks them ‘What was that talk about?’, what do you want them to say? That’s your takeaway.

為了發(fā)展這一點(diǎn)，請考慮一下您的聽眾離開您的演講。 當(dāng)有人問他們“那是什么？”時(shí)，您想讓他們說什么？ 那就是你的外賣。

提示5：保持相關(guān)性。 (Tip 5: Keep it Relevant.)

Try your best to keep the talk specific to this audience (even if you’ve given the same talk 100s of times). Can you incorporate a reference to a previous speaker? What about the place where you are, or the type of event? People will pay more attention, and appreciate the talk more, when they think it is directed at them.

盡力保持針對特定受眾的演講(即使您進(jìn)行了100次相同的演講)。 您可以引用以前的演講者的參考文獻(xiàn)嗎？ 那你在哪里，或者活動(dòng)的類型呢？ 當(dāng)人們認(rèn)為談話針對他們時(shí)，他們會(huì)給予更多的關(guān)注，并更多地欣賞談話。

Think about your audience and put yourself in their shoes. If you can, talk to the speakers before and after you. Can you connect your presentation to theirs?

考慮一下您的觀眾，讓自己陷入困境。 如果可以，請與您前后的演講者交談。 您可以將演示文稿與他們的演示文稿聯(lián)系起來嗎？

提示5：幻燈片。 (Tip 5: Slides.)

Ensure that any slides you use are necessary and avoid words as much as possible. Any time you have words on your slides, you audience will stop to read them, and you’ll lose their attention. Keep words to a minimum, and keep the slides simple and relevant.

確保您使用的任何幻燈片都是必要的，并盡量避免說話。 每當(dāng)幻燈片上有文字時(shí)，聽眾就會(huì)停止閱讀它們，而您會(huì)失去注意力。 盡量減少用語，并保持幻燈片的簡潔性和相關(guān)性。

If you're showing code snippets, make sure they're big enough that people in the back can read (my favorite suggestion I've received for how large a font you should use is to take the age of the oldest person in the room and halve it. Someone's 40? Great, make your text size 20. It's lighthearted, but it helps ensure your audience isn't squinting at the screen to read).

如果您要顯示代碼段，請確保它們足夠大，以使后面的人可以閱讀(我收到的我最喜歡的建議，關(guān)于您應(yīng)該使用多大的字體，這是要考慮房間中年齡最大的人的年齡)有人40歲嗎？太好了，使您的文本大小為20。它輕松愉快，但可確保您的聽眾不會(huì)在屏幕上斜視閱讀。

提示6：前一天。 (Tip 6: One Day Before.)

Great, you’ve practiced, you’re ready, and you’re at the conference. Figure out where and when you’ll be speaking. Think about your audience at that time. Are they sleepy after lunch (how can you get them moving and engaged)? Is it first thing in the morning (great, they’re probably still really focused!)? Is it right before lunch (definitely end on time!)? If you can, check out the room ahead of time.

太好了，您已經(jīng)練習(xí)了，已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好了，并且正在參加會(huì)議。 找出說話的地點(diǎn)和時(shí)間。 想一下當(dāng)時(shí)的觀眾。 他們在午餐后是否困倦(如何使他們動(dòng)起來并變得活躍)？ 是早上的第一件事(太好了，他們可能仍然很專注！)？ 是在午餐前就來(一定會(huì)準(zhǔn)時(shí)結(jié)束！)嗎？ 如果可以，請?zhí)崆巴朔俊?

• How big is the area where you’ll have to stand?
  您必須站立的區(qū)域有多大？
• Where will your slides be broadcast?
  您的幻燈片將在哪里播放？
• How big is the room?
  房間有多大？
• Is there a timer available?
  有沒有計(jì)時(shí)器？
• Can you test your presentation?
  您可以測試您的演示文稿嗎？
• Where should you stand before your presentation?
  演講前你應(yīng)該站在哪里？
• Is someone announcing you?
  有人宣布你嗎？
• What should you do if there’s a tech issue?
  如果遇到技術(shù)問題，該怎么辦？
• Do you have a microphone? What kind (does it clip onto you, or is it on a podium)?
  你有麥克風(fēng)嗎？ 哪種類型(它會(huì)夾在您身上，還是在講臺上)？
• Does the audience have a mic for questions?
  觀眾有麥克風(fēng)提問嗎？

提示7：做好一切準(zhǔn)備。 (Tip 7: Prepare for EVERYTHING.)

Assume that anything which can go wrong, will, and pack accordingly. With that in mind, what should you bring to your talk?

假設(shè)所有可能出錯(cuò)的東西都會(huì)相應(yīng)包裝。 考慮到這一點(diǎn)，您應(yīng)該帶些什么？

• Your (fully charged) laptop
  您的(充滿電的)筆記本電腦
• An adapter to connect your laptop to ANYTHING
  將筆記本電腦連接到任何東西的適配器
• Charging Cable, adapter (if necessary)
  充電電纜，適配器(如有必要)
• Water
  水
• Slides clicker (if you have slides)
  幻燈片答題器(如果有幻燈片)
• Your slides on your laptop
  筆記本電腦上的幻燈片
• Your slides on a USB
  USB上的幻燈片
• Your slides printed and ready to go
  您的幻燈片已打印并準(zhǔn)備就緒
• If you have a live demo, make sure you also have a video pre-recorded in case something goes wrong
  如果您有現(xiàn)場演示，請確保還預(yù)先錄制了視頻，以防出現(xiàn)問題

提示8：保重身體。 (Tip 8: Take Care of Yourself.)

Get a good night’s sleep the night before. Don’t be afraid to call it an early night to review your presentation one more time. You don’t want to be hungover, tired, or sick tomorrow. If you’re jet-lagged, keep that in mind and make sure you’re well rested.

前一天晚上睡個(gè)好覺。 不要害怕稱它為深夜，以再次查看您的演示文稿。 您不想明天感到宿醉，疲倦或生病。 如果您時(shí)機(jī)落后，請記住這一點(diǎn)，并確保您休息良好。

秘訣9：放松 (Tip 9: Relax)

Take a deep breath and give your speech. You’re going to be great! Personally, right before I get up on stage, I like to imagine the audience applauding at the end of a great talk. At that point, there’s no preparation left to do, and it helps calm my nerves to imagine the most positive outcome. Remember, everyone gets nervous. Public speaking is all about dealing with the nerves, and pushing through it.

深吸一口氣并發(fā)表講話。 您將很棒！ 就個(gè)人而言，就在我上臺之前，我想像觀眾在精彩演講的結(jié)尾鼓掌。 那時(shí)，沒有任何準(zhǔn)備可做，這可以幫助我安心想象最積極的結(jié)果。 記住，每個(gè)人都會(huì)緊張。 公開演講就是與神經(jīng)緊張并通過它進(jìn)行斗爭。

秘訣10：慶祝！ (Tip 10: Celebrate!)

Don’t forget to relax and celebrate your accomplishment afterward. Giving a talk can be really, really hard and just finishing it is an accomplishment.

不要忘了放松，然后慶祝自己的成就。 進(jìn)行演講可能非常非常困難，僅完成演講是一項(xiàng)成就。

翻譯自: https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/fear-of-public-speaking/

安軟件一勞永逸

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