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linux /proc/cpuinfo文件分析

發布時間:2023/11/29 linux 43 豆豆
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為什么80%的碼農都做不了架構師?>>> ??

基于不同指令集(ISA)的CPU產生的/proc/cpuinfo文件不一樣,基于X86指令集CPU的/proc/cpuinfo文件包含如下內容:

processor  : 0
vendor_id  :GenuineIntel
cpu family  :6
model    :26
model name :Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU?????????? E5520? @ 2.27GHz
stepping  ? :5
cpu MHz   ?:1600.000
cache size  : 8192 KB
physical id  :0
siblings    :8
core id   ? : 0
cpu cores   :4
apicid  ?????? :0
fpu     ? :yes
fpu_exception :yes
cpuid level   : 11
wp      :yes
flags      : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm syscall nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc ida nonstop_tsc pni monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 cx16 xtpr popcnt lahf_lm
bogomips   :4522.12
clflush size  :64
cache_alignment  : 64
address sizes    : 40 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management :

以上輸出項的含義如下:

processor :系統中邏輯處理核的編號。對于單核處理器,則課認為是其CPU編號,對于多核處理器則可以是物理核、或者使用超線程技術虛擬的邏輯核
vendor_id :CPU制造商 ?????
cpu family :CPU產品系列代號
model   :CPU屬于其系列中的哪一代的代號
model name:CPU屬于的名字及其編號、標稱主頻
stepping ? :CPU屬于制作更新版本
cpu MHz ? :CPU的實際使用主頻
cache size?? :CPU二級緩存大小
physical id?? :單個CPU的標號
siblings?????? :單個CPU邏輯物理核數
core id??????? :當前物理核在其所處CPU中的編號,這個編號不一定連續
cpu cores??? :該邏輯核所處CPU的物理核數
apicid????????? :用來區分不同邏輯核的編號,系統中每個邏輯核的此編號必然不同,此編號不一定連續
fpu???????????? :是否具有浮點運算單元(Floating Point Unit)
fpu_exception? :是否支持浮點計算異常
cpuid level?? :執行cpuid指令前,eax寄存器中的值,根據不同的值cpuid指令會返回不同的內容
wp???????????? :表明當前CPU是否在內核態支持對用戶空間的寫保護(Write Protection)
flags????????? :當前CPU支持的功能
bogomips?? :在系統內核啟動時粗略測算的CPU速度(Million Instructions Per Second)
clflush size? :每次刷新緩存的大小單位
cache_alignment :緩存地址對齊單位
address sizes? ?? :可訪問地址空間位數
power management :對能源管理的支持,有以下幾個可選支持功能:

  ts:  temperature sensor

  fid: ? frequency id control

  vid:  voltage id control

  ttp:  thermal trip

  tm:

  stc:

  100mhzsteps:

  hwpstate:

  

CPU信息中flags各項含義:

fpu: Onboard (x87) Floating Point Unit
vme: Virtual Mode Extension
de: Debugging Extensions
pse: Page Size Extensions
tsc: Time Stamp Counter: support for RDTSC and WRTSC instructions
msr: Model-Specific Registers
pae: Physical Address Extensions: ability to access 64GB of memory; only 4GB can be accessed at a time though
mce: Machine Check Architecture
cx8: CMPXCHG8 instruction
apic: Onboard Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller
sep: Sysenter/Sysexit Instructions; SYSENTER is used for jumps to kernel memory during system calls, and SYSEXIT is used for jumps: back to the user code
mtrr: Memory Type Range Registers
pge: Page Global Enable
mca: Machine Check Architecture
cmov: CMOV instruction
pat: Page Attribute Table
pse36: 36-bit Page Size Extensions: allows to map 4 MB pages into the first 64GB RAM, used with PSE.
pn: Processor Serial-Number; only available on Pentium 3
clflush: CLFLUSH instruction
dtes: Debug Trace Store
acpi: ACPI via MSR
mmx: MultiMedia Extension
fxsr: FXSAVE and FXSTOR instructions
sse: Streaming SIMD Extensions. Single instruction multiple data. Lets you do a bunch of the same operation on different pieces of input: in a single clock tick.
sse2: Streaming SIMD Extensions-2. More of the same.
selfsnoop: CPU self snoop
acc: Automatic Clock Control
IA64: IA-64 processor Itanium.
ht: HyperThreading. Introduces an imaginary second processor that doesn’t do much but lets you run threads in the same process a? bit quicker.
nx: No Execute bit. Prevents arbitrary code running via buffer overflows.
pni: Prescott New Instructions aka. SSE3
vmx: Intel Vanderpool hardware virtualization technology
svm: AMD “Pacifica” hardware virtualization technology
lm: “Long Mode,” which means the chip supports the AMD64 instruction set
tm: “Thermal Monitor” Thermal throttling with IDLE instructions. Usually hardware controlled in response to CPU temperature.
tm2: “Thermal Monitor 2″ Decrease speed by reducing multipler and vcore.
est: “Enhanced SpeedStep”

根據以上內容,我們則可以很方便的知道當前系統關于CPU、CPU的核數、CPU是否啟用超線程等信息。

查詢系統具有多少個邏輯核:cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep "processor" | wc -l

查詢系統CPU的物理核數:cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep "cpu cores" | uniq

查詢系統CPU是否啟用超線程:cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep -e "cpu cores"? -e "siblings" | sort | uniq

  輸出舉例:

    cpu cores?? ?: 6
    siblings?? ? : 6

  如果cpu cores數量和siblings數量一致,則沒有啟用超線程,否則超線程被啟用。

查詢系統CPU的個數:cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep "physical id" | sort | uniq | wc -l

查詢系統CPU是否支持某項功能,則根以上類似,輸出結果進行sort, uniq和grep就可以得到結果。


轉載于:https://my.oschina.net/5lei/blog/189812

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