我公司最近升級程序經常報出更新失敗問題，究其原因，原來是更新時，他們可能又打開了正在被更新的文件，導致更新文件時，文件被其它進程占用，無法正常更新而報錯，為了解決這個問題，我花了一周時間查詢多方資料及研究，終于找到了一個查詢進程的利器：handle.exe，下載地址：https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/sysinternals/bb896655.aspx，我是通過它來找到被占用的進程，然后KILL掉占用進程，最后再來更新，這樣就完美的解決了更新時文件被占用報錯的問題了，實現方法很簡單，我下面都有列出主要的方法，一些注意事項我也都有說明，大家一看就明白了，當然如果大家有更好的方案，歡迎交流，謝謝！

IsFileUsing：判斷文件是否被占用

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[DllImport("kernel32.dll")] public?static?extern?IntPtr _lopen(string?lpPathName,?int?iReadWrite); [DllImport("kernel32.dll")] public?static?extern?bool?CloseHandle(IntPtr hObject); public?const?int?OF_READWRITE = 2; public?const?int?OF_SHARE_DENY_NONE = 0x40; public?readonly?IntPtr HFILE_ERROR =?new?IntPtr(-1); private?bool?<strong>IsFileUsing</strong>(string?filePath) { ????if?(!File.Exists(filePath)) ????{ ????????return?false; ????} ????IntPtr vHandle = _lopen(filePath, OF_READWRITE | OF_SHARE_DENY_NONE); ????if?(vHandle == HFILE_ERROR) ????{ ????????return?true; ????} ????CloseHandle(vHandle); ????return?false; }

GetRunProcessInfos：獲取指定文件或目錄中存在的(關聯的)運行進程信息，以便后面可以解除占用

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/// <summary> /// 獲取指定文件或目錄中存在的(關聯的)運行進程信息，以便后面可以解除占用 /// </summary> /// <param name="filePath"></param> /// <returns></returns> private?Dictionary<int,?string> GetRunProcessInfos(string?filePath) { ????Dictionary<int,?string> runProcInfos =?new?Dictionary<int,?string>(); ????string?fileName = Path.GetFileName(filePath); ????var?fileRunProcs = Process.GetProcessesByName(fileName); ????if?(fileRunProcs !=?null?&& fileRunProcs.Count() > 0) ????{ ????????runProcInfos = fileRunProcs.ToDictionary(p => p.Id, p => p.ProcessName); ????????return?runProcInfos; ????} ????string?fileDirName = Path.GetDirectoryName(filePath);?//查詢指定路徑下的運行的進程 ????Process startProcess =?new?Process(); ????startProcess.StartInfo.FileName = RelaseAndGetHandleExePath(); ????startProcess.StartInfo.Arguments =?string.Format("\"{0}\"", fileDirName); ????startProcess.StartInfo.UseShellExecute =?false; ????startProcess.StartInfo.RedirectStandardInput =?false; ????startProcess.StartInfo.RedirectStandardOutput =?true; ????startProcess.StartInfo.CreateNoWindow =?true; ????startProcess.StartInfo.StandardOutputEncoding = ASCIIEncoding.UTF8; ????startProcess.OutputDataReceived += (sender, e) => ????{ ????????if?(!string.IsNullOrEmpty(e.Data) && e.Data.IndexOf("pid:", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase) > 0) ????????{ ????????????//var regex = new System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex(@"(^[\w\.\?\u4E00-\u9FA5]+)\s+pid:\s*(\d+)", System.Text.RegularExpressions.RegexOptions.IgnoreCase); ????????????var?regex =?new?System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex(@"(^.+(?=pid:))\bpid:\s+(\d+)\s+", System.Text.RegularExpressions.RegexOptions.IgnoreCase); ????????????if?(regex.IsMatch(e.Data)) ????????????{ ????????????????var?mathedResult = regex.Match(e.Data); ????????????????int?procId =?int.Parse(mathedResult.Groups[2].Value); ????????????????string?procFileName = mathedResult.Groups[1].Value.Trim(); ????????????????if?("explorer.exe".Equals(procFileName, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)) ????????????????{ ????????????????????return; ????????????????} ????????????????//var regex2 = new System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex(string.Format(@"\b{0}.*$", fileDirName.Replace(@"\", @"\\").Replace("?",@"\?")), System.Text.RegularExpressions.RegexOptions.IgnoreCase); ????????????????var?regex2 =?new?System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex(@"\b\w{1}:.+$", System.Text.RegularExpressions.RegexOptions.IgnoreCase); ????????????????string?procFilePath = (regex2.Match(e.Data).Value ???"").Trim(); ????????????????if?(filePath.Equals(procFilePath, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase) || filePath.Equals(PathJoin(procFilePath, procFileName), StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)) ????????????????{ ????????????????????runProcInfos[procId] = procFileName; ????????????????} ????????????????else?//如果亂碼，則進行特殊的比對 ????????????????{ ????????????????????if?(procFilePath.Contains("?") || procFileName.Contains("?"))?//?亂碼比對邏輯 ????????????????????{ ????????????????????????var?regex3 =?new?System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex(procFilePath.Replace(@"\",?@"\\").Replace(".", @"\.").Replace("?", ".{1}"), System.Text.RegularExpressions.RegexOptions.IgnoreCase); ????????????????????????if?(regex3.IsMatch(filePath)) ????????????????????????{ ????????????????????????????runProcInfos[procId] = procFileName; ????????????????????????} ????????????????????????else ????????????????????????{ ????????????????????????????string?tempProcFilePath = PathJoin(procFilePath, procFileName); ????????????????????????????regex3 =?new?System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex(tempProcFilePath.Replace(@"\",?@"\\").Replace(".", @"\.").Replace("?", ".{1}"), System.Text.RegularExpressions.RegexOptions.IgnoreCase); ????????????????????????????if?(regex3.IsMatch(filePath)) ????????????????????????????{ ????????????????????????????????runProcInfos[procId] = procFileName; ????????????????????????????} ????????????????????????} ????????????????????} ????????????????????else?if?(procFilePath.Length == filePath.Length || PathJoin(procFilePath, procFileName).Length == filePath.Length)?//其它亂碼比對邏輯，僅比對長度，如果相同交由用戶判斷 ????????????????????{ ????????????????????????if?(MessageBox.Show(string.Format("發現文件:{0}可能被一個進程({1})占用,\n您是否需要強制終止該進程?", filePath, procFileName),?"發現疑似被占用進程", MessageBoxButtons.YesNo, MessageBoxIcon.Warning) == DialogResult.Yes) ????????????????????????{ ????????????????????????????runProcInfos[procId] = procFileName; ????????????????????????} ????????????????????} ????????????????} ????????????} ????????} ????}; ????startProcess.Start(); ????startProcess.BeginOutputReadLine(); ????startProcess.WaitForExit(); ????return?runProcInfos; }

上述代碼邏輯簡要說明：創建一個建程來啟動handle.exe（以資源形式內嵌到項目中），然后異步接收返回數據，并通過正則表達式來匹配獲取進程數據，由于handle.exe對于中文路徑或文件名兼容不好，返回的數據存在？或其它亂碼字符，故我作了一些特殊的模糊匹配邏輯；

RelaseAndGetHandleExePath：從項目中釋放handle.exe并保存到系統的APPData目錄下，以便后續直接可以使用（注意：由于handle.exe需要授權同意后才能正常的使用該工具，故我在第一次生成handle.exe時，會直接運行進程，讓用戶選擇Agree后再去進行后面的邏輯處理，這樣雖能解決問題，但有點不太友好，目前一個是中文亂碼、一個是必需同意才能使用handle.exe我認為如果微軟解決了可能會更好）

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private?string?RelaseAndGetHandleExePath() { ????var?handleInfo =?new?FileInfo(Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.LocalApplicationData) +?"\\SysUpdate\\handle.exe"); ????if?(!File.Exists(handleInfo.FullName)) ????{ ????????if?(!Directory.Exists(handleInfo.DirectoryName)) ????????{ ????????????Directory.CreateDirectory(handleInfo.DirectoryName); ????????} ????????byte[] handleExeData = Properties.Resources.handle; ????????File.WriteAllBytes(handleInfo.FullName, handleExeData); ????????var?handleProc = Process.Start(handleInfo.FullName);//若第一次，則彈出提示框，需要點擊agree同意才行 ????????handleProc.WaitForExit(); ????} ????return?handleInfo.FullName; }

PathJoin：拼接路徑（不過濾特殊字符），由于handle.exe對于中文路徑或文件名兼容不好，返回的數據存在？或其它亂碼字符，如查采用：Path.Combine方法則會報錯，故這里自定義一個方法，只是簡單的拼接

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/// <summary> /// 拼接路徑（不過濾殊字符） /// </summary> /// <param name="paths"></param> /// <returns></returns> private?string?PathJoin(params?string[] paths) { ????if?(paths ==?null?|| paths.Length <= 0) ????{ ????????return?string.Empty; ????} ????string?newPath = paths[0]; ????for?(int?i = 1; i < paths.Length; i++) ????{ ????????if?(!newPath.EndsWith("\\")) ????????{ ????????????newPath +=?"\\"; ????????} ????????if?(paths[i].StartsWith("\\")) ????????{ ????????????paths[i] = paths[i].Substring(1); ????????} ????????newPath += paths[i]; ????} ????return?newPath; }

CloseProcessWithFile：核心方法，關閉指定文件被占用的進程，上述所有的方法均是為了實現該方法的功能

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private?void?CloseProcessWithFile(string?filePath) { ????if?(!IsFileUsing(filePath))?return; ????ShowDownInfo(string.Format("正在嘗試解除占用文件 {0}", _FilePaths[_FileIndex])); ????var?runProcInfos = GetRunProcessInfos(filePath);?//獲取被占用的進程 ????System.IO.File.WriteAllText(Path.Combine(Application.StartupPath,?"runProcInfos.txt"),?string.Join("\r\n", runProcInfos.Select(p =>?string.Format("ProdId:{0},ProcName:{1}", p.Key, p.Value)).ToArray()));//DEBUG用，正式發布時可以去掉 ????var?localProcesses = Process.GetProcesses(); ????bool?hasKilled =?false; ????foreach?(var?item?in?runProcInfos) ????{ ????????if?(item.Key != currentProcessId)?//排除當前進程 ????????{ ????????????var?runProcess = localProcesses.SingleOrDefault(p => p.Id == item.Key); ????????????//var runProcess = Process.GetProcessById(item.Key); ????????????if?(runProcess !=?null) ????????????{ ????????????????try ????????????????{ ????????????????????runProcess.Kill();?//強制關閉被占用的進程 ????????????????????hasKilled =?true; ????????????????} ????????????????catch ????????????????{ } ????????????} ????????} ????} ????if?(hasKilled) ????{ ????????Thread.Sleep(500); ????} }

上述代碼邏輯簡要說明：先判斷是否被占用，若被占用，則獲取該文件被占用的進程列表，然后獲取一下當前操作系統的所有進程列表，最后通過進程ID查詢得到排除當前程序自己的進程ID（currentProcessId = Process.GetCurrentProcess().Id）列表，若能獲取得到，表明進程仍在運行，則強制終止該進程，實現解除文件占用

注意：KILL掉占用進程后，可能由于緩存原因，若直接進行文件的覆蓋與替換或轉移操作，可能仍會報錯，故這里作了一個判斷，若有成功KILL掉進程，則需等待500MS再去做更新文件之類的操作；

本文轉自 夢在旅途 博客園博客，原文鏈接：http://www.cnblogs.com/zuowj/p/5840567.html??，如需轉載請自行聯系原作者

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