先說(shuō)說(shuō)什么是uWSGI吧，他是實(shí)現(xiàn)了WSGI協(xié)議、uwsgi、http等協(xié)議的一個(gè)web服務(wù)器，那什么是WSGI呢？

WSGI是一種Web服務(wù)器網(wǎng)關(guān)接口。它是一個(gè)Web服務(wù)器（如nginx）與應(yīng)用服務(wù)器（如uWSGI服務(wù)器）通信的一種規(guī)范（協(xié)議）。

還有一種wsgi，uwsgi是一種線路協(xié)議而不是通信協(xié)議，在此常用于在uWSGI服務(wù)器與其他網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)器的數(shù)據(jù)通信。uwsgi協(xié)議是一個(gè)uWSGI服務(wù)器自有的協(xié)議，它用于定義傳輸信息的類(lèi)型（type of information）。

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部署步驟：

1. 安裝uWSGI

(lofter) ? dj_test git:(master) pip install uwsgi Collecting uwsgi /home/wang/.virtualenvs/lofter/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/packages/urllib3/util/ssl_.py:318: SNIMissingWarning: An HTTPS request has been made, but the SNI (Subject Name Indication) extension to TLS is not available on this platform. This may cause the server to present an incorrect TLS certificate, which can cause validation failures. You can upgrade to a newer version of Python to solve this. For more information, see https://urllib3.readthedocs.org/en/latest/security.html#snimissingwarning.SNIMissingWarning /home/wang/.virtualenvs/lofter/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/packages/urllib3/util/ssl_.py:122: InsecurePlatformWarning: A true SSLContext object is not available. This prevents urllib3 from configuring SSL appropriately and may cause certain SSL connections to fail. You can upgrade to a newer version of Python to solve this. For more information, see https://urllib3.readthedocs.org/en/latest/security.html#insecureplatformwarning.InsecurePlatformWarningDownloading uwsgi-2.0.13.1.tar.gz (784kB)100% |████████████████████████████████| 788kB 1.4MB/s Building wheels for collected packages: uwsgiRunning setup.py bdist_wheel for uwsgi ... doneStored in directory: /home/wang/.cache/pip/wheels/01/e4/de/0b2bbeba234858bd780924d03031a4e817119aafb0cfc4c79e Successfully built uwsgi Installing collected packages: uwsgi Successfully installed uwsgi-2.0.13.1

以上命令是安裝目前穩(wěn)定版本的，也可以安裝LTS版本

# Or install LTS (long term support). $ pip install https://projects.unbit.it/downloads/uwsgi-lts.tar.gz

　　

2. 安裝之后進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單的測(cè)試：

2.1 創(chuàng)建一個(gè)test.py文件：

# test.py def application(env, start_response):start_response('200 OK', [('Content-Type','text/html')])return [b"Hello World"] # python3#return ["Hello World"] # python2

2.2 啟動(dòng)uWSGI服務(wù)器：

uwsgi --http :8000 --wsgi-file test.py

意思是使用8000端口啟動(dòng)這個(gè)文件，效果如下：

　

(lofter) ? dj_test git:(master) uwsgi --http :8000 --wsgi-file test.py *** Starting uWSGI 2.0.12 (64bit) on [Mon May 23 21:15:56 2016] *** compiled with version: 4.8.4 on 08 April 2016 10:44:49 os: Linux-3.13.0-86-generic #130-Ubuntu SMP Mon Apr 18 18:27:15 UTC 2016 nodename: wang-N46VZ machine: x86_64 clock source: unix detected number of CPU cores: 8 current working directory: /home/wang/Workspace/Git/show-me-the-code/dj_test detected binary path: /usr/local/bin/uwsgi !!! no internal routing support, rebuild with pcre support !!! *** WARNING: you are running uWSGI without its master process manager *** your processes number limit is 62795 your memory page size is 4096 bytes detected max file descriptor number: 1024 lock engine: pthread robust mutexes thunder lock: disabled (you can enable it with --thunder-lock) uWSGI http bound on :8000 fd 4 spawned uWSGI http 1 (pid: 5539) uwsgi socket 0 bound to TCP address 127.0.0.1:47320 (port auto-assigned) fd 3 Python version: 2.7.6 (default, Jun 22 2015, 18:01:27) [GCC 4.8.2] *** Python threads support is disabled. You can enable it with --enable-threads *** Python main interpreter initialized at 0x21b8ff0 your server socket listen backlog is limited to 100 connections your mercy for graceful operations on workers is 60 seconds mapped 72768 bytes (71 KB) for 1 cores *** Operational MODE: single process *** WSGI app 0 (mountpoint='') ready in 0 seconds on interpreter 0x21b8ff0 pid: 5538 (default app) *** uWSGI is running in multiple interpreter mode *** spawned uWSGI worker 1 (and the only) (pid: 5538, cores: 1)

2.3 訪問(wèn) localhost:8000

顯示 hello world（linux截圖太麻煩了，見(jiàn)諒）

這就說(shuō)明uWSGI啟動(dòng)成功了～可以設(shè)置uWSGI啟動(dòng)django了

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3. 使用uWSGI啟動(dòng)django項(xiàng)目

(lofter) ? dj_test git:(master) uwsgi --http :8000 --file dj_test/wsgi.py *** Starting uWSGI 2.0.12 (64bit) on [Mon May 23 21:19:35 2016] *** compiled with version: 4.8.4 on 08 April 2016 10:44:49 os: Linux-3.13.0-86-generic #130-Ubuntu SMP Mon Apr 18 18:27:15 UTC 2016 nodename: wang-N46VZ machine: x86_64 clock source: unix detected number of CPU cores: 8 current working directory: /home/wang/Workspace/Git/show-me-the-code/dj_test detected binary path: /usr/local/bin/uwsgi !!! no internal routing support, rebuild with pcre support !!! *** WARNING: you are running uWSGI without its master process manager *** your processes number limit is 62795 your memory page size is 4096 bytes detected max file descriptor number: 1024 lock engine: pthread robust mutexes thunder lock: disabled (you can enable it with --thunder-lock) uWSGI http bound on :8000 fd 4 spawned uWSGI http 1 (pid: 5649) uwsgi socket 0 bound to TCP address 127.0.0.1:60536 (port auto-assigned) fd 3 Python version: 2.7.6 (default, Jun 22 2015, 18:01:27) [GCC 4.8.2] *** Python threads support is disabled. You can enable it with --enable-threads *** Python main interpreter initialized at 0x2263ff0 your server socket listen backlog is limited to 100 connections your mercy for graceful operations on workers is 60 seconds mapped 72768 bytes (71 KB) for 1 cores *** Operational MODE: single process *** WSGI app 0 (mountpoint='') ready in 0 seconds on interpreter 0x2263ff0 pid: 5648 (default app) *** uWSGI is running in multiple interpreter mode ***

訪問(wèn)網(wǎng)址，就可以看見(jiàn)你的項(xiàng)目了～

常用命令：

uwsgi --chdir=/path/to/your/project \--module=mysite.wsgi:application \--env DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE=mysite.settings \--master --pidfile=/tmp/project-master.pid \--socket=127.0.0.1:49152 \ # can also be a file--processes=5 \ # number of worker processes--uid=1000 --gid=2000 \ # if root, uwsgi can drop privileges--harakiri=20 \ # respawn processes taking more than 20 seconds--max-requests=5000 \ # respawn processes after serving 5000 requests--vacuum \ # clear environment on exit--home=/path/to/virtual/env \ # optional path to a virtualenv--daemonize=/var/log/uwsgi/yourproject.log # background the process　　

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實(shí)際上到這里就算部署成功了，不過(guò)現(xiàn)實(shí)中一般使用nginx和uWSGI配合使用，使用nginx處理/static/以及/media/的請(qǐng)求，其他的交給uWSGI處理。

（下面基本是翻譯，而且還沒(méi)有翻譯完

1. 安裝nginx并配置nginx

sudo apt-get install nginx sudo /etc/init.d/nginx start # start nginx

配置文件（需要去看一下nginx簡(jiǎn)單配置）

# mysite_nginx.conf# the upstream component nginx needs to connect to upstream django {# server unix:///path/to/your/mysite/mysite.sock; # for a file socketserver 127.0.0.1:8001; # for a web port socket (we'll use this first) }# configuration of the server server {# the port your site will be served onlisten 8000;# the domain name it will serve forserver_name .example.com; # substitute your machine's IP address or FQDNcharset utf-8;# max upload sizeclient_max_body_size 75M; # adjust to taste# Django medialocation /media {alias /path/to/your/mysite/media; # your Django project's media files - amend as required}location /static {alias /path/to/your/mysite/static; # your Django project's static files - amend as required}# Finally, send all non-media requests to the Django server.location / {uwsgi_pass django;include /path/to/your/mysite/uwsgi_params; # the uwsgi_params file you installed} }

做個(gè)鏈接使得nginx可以訪問(wèn)到配置文件

sudo ln -s ~/path/to/your/mysite/mysite_nginx.conf /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/

2. 部署靜態(tài)文件

python manage.py collectstatic STATIC_ROOT一定要設(shè)置好了

3. 重啟nginx（第一次部署需要重啟，以后進(jìn)行了第二步之后只需要重啟uWSGI就可以了）

sudo /etc/init.d/nginx restart

4. 啟動(dòng)

uwsgi --socket :8001 --wsgi-file test.py

5. 添加uWSGI配置文件

# mysite_uwsgi.ini file [uwsgi]# Django-related settings # the base directory (full path) chdir = /path/to/your/project # Django's wsgi file module = project.wsgi # the virtualenv (full path) home = /path/to/virtualenv# process-related settings # master master = true # maximum number of worker processes processes = 10 # the socket (use the full path to be safe socket = /path/to/your/project/mysite.sock # ... with appropriate permissions - may be needed # chmod-socket = 664 # clear environment on exit vacuum = true

按照配置文件啟動(dòng)

uwsgi --ini mysite_uwsgi.ini # the --ini option is used to specify a file

6. 使用兩者共同拉起項(xiàng)目

uwsgi --socket mysite.sock --module mysite.wsgi --chmod-socket=664

　　

If that doesn’t work

Check your nginx error log(/var/log/nginx/error.log). If you see something like:

connect() to unix:///path/to/your/mysite/mysite.sock failed (13: Permission denied)

then probably you need to manage the permissions on the socket so that nginx is allowed to use it.

Try:

uwsgi --socket mysite.sock --wsgi-file test.py --chmod-socket=666 # (very permissive)

or:

uwsgi --socket mysite.sock --wsgi-file test.py --chmod-socket=664 # (more sensible)

You may also have to add your user to nginx’s group (which is probably www-data), or vice-versa, so that nginx can read and write to your socket properly.

It’s worth keeping the output of the nginx log running in a terminal window so you can easily refer to it while troubleshooting.

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參考：

http://baike.baidu.com/link?url=ClozvG5bxABaSkxztwURPZAOrySGwwBNMJEiPVOWfv7dPvJwEw_ZYPK3mUn0miC5_YNnHFG27tKvv6B3wktL1K

https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.9/howto/deployment/wsgi/uwsgi/

http://uwsgi-docs.readthedocs.io/en/latest/tutorials/Django_and_nginx.html

轉(zhuǎn)載于:https://www.cnblogs.com/wswang/p/5521566.html

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