關(guān)于AAC音頻格式基本情況，可參考維基百科http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Audio_Coding

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AAC音頻格式分析

AAC音頻格式有ADIF和ADTS：?

ADIF：Audio Data Interchange Format 音頻數(shù)據(jù)交換格式。這種格式的特征是可以確定的找到這個(gè)音頻數(shù)據(jù)的開始，不需進(jìn)行在音頻數(shù)據(jù)流中間開始的解碼，即它的解碼必須在明確定義的開始處進(jìn)行。故這種格式常用在磁盤文件中。?

ADTS：Audio Data Transport Stream 音頻數(shù)據(jù)傳輸流。這種格式的特征是它是一個(gè)有同步字的比特流，解碼可以在這個(gè)流中任何位置開始。它的特征類似于mp3數(shù)據(jù)流格式。?

簡(jiǎn)單說，ADTS可以在任意幀解碼，也就是說它每一幀都有頭信息。ADIF只有一個(gè)統(tǒng)一的頭，所以必須得到所有的數(shù)據(jù)后解碼。且這兩種的header的格式也是不同的，目前一般編碼后的和抽取出的都是ADTS格式的音頻流。?

語音系統(tǒng)對(duì)實(shí)時(shí)性要求較高，基本是這樣一個(gè)流程，采集音頻數(shù)據(jù)，本地編碼，數(shù)據(jù)上傳，服務(wù)器處理，數(shù)據(jù)下發(fā)，本地解碼?

ADTS是幀序列，本身具備流特征，在音頻流的傳輸與處理方面更加合適。?

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ADTS幀結(jié)構(gòu)：

header

body

ADTS幀首部結(jié)構(gòu)：

序號(hào)	域	長(zhǎng)度（bits）	說明
1	Syncword	12	all bits?must?be 1
2	MPEG version	1	0 for MPEG-4, 1 for MPEG-2
3	Layer	2	always 0
4	Protection Absent	1	et to 1 if there is no CRC and 0 if there is CRC
5	Profile	2	the?MPEG-4 Audio Object Type?minus 1
6	MPEG-4 Sampling Frequency Index	4	MPEG-4 Sampling Frequency Index?(15 is forbidden)
7	Private Stream	1	set to 0 when encoding, ignore when decoding
8	MPEG-4 Channel Configuration	3	MPEG-4 Channel Configuration?(in the case of 0, the channel configuration is sent via an inband PCE)
9	Originality	1	set to 0 when encoding, ignore when decoding
10	Home	1	set to 0 when encoding, ignore when decoding
11	Copyrighted Stream	1	set to 0 when encoding, ignore when decoding
12	Copyrighted Start	1	set to 0 when encoding, ignore when decoding
13	Frame Length	13	this value must include 7 or 9 bytes of header length: FrameLength = (ProtectionAbsent == 1 ? 7 : 9) + size(AACFrame)
14	Buffer Fullness	11	buffer fullness
15	Number of AAC Frames	2	number of AAC frames (RDBs) in ADTS frame?minus 1, for maximum compatibility always use 1 AAC frame per ADTS frame
16	CRC	16	CRC if?protection absent?is 0

MPEG-4 Audio

• Company:?ISO
• Samples:?http://samples.mplayerhq.hu/MPEG-4/
• Samples:?http://samples.mplayerhq.hu/A-codecs/AAC/
• Samples:?sample repo at standards.iso.org
• Sample Docs:?sample docs

Specification links:

• MPEG-4 Audio:?ISO/IEC 14496-3:2009
• Conformance:?ISO/IEC 14496-26:2010

Contents

?[hide]?

• 1?MPEG-4 Audio
• 2?Subparts
• 3?Audio Specific Config
• 4?Audio Object Types
• 5?Sampling Frequencies
• 6?Channel Configurations

MPEG-4 Audio

MPEG-4 includes a system for handling a diverse group of audio formats in a uniform matter. Each format is assigned a unique Audio Object Type (AOT) to represent it. The common format Global header shared by all AOTs is called the Audio Specific Config.?

Subparts

• Subpart 0: Overview
• Subpart 1: Main (Systems?Interaction)
• Subpart 2: Speech coding - HVXC
• Subpart 3: Speech coding - CELP
• Subpart 4: General Audio coding (GA) -?AAC, TwinVQ, BSAC
• Subpart 5: Structured Audio (SA)
• Subpart 6: Text To Speech Interface (TTSI)
• Subpart 7: Parametric Audio Coding - HILN
• Subpart 8: Parametric coding for high quality audio - SSC (and?Parametric Stereo)
• Subpart 9:?MPEG-1/2 Audio?in MPEG-4
• Subpart 10: Lossless coding of oversampled audio - DST
• Subpart 11: Audio lossless coding -?ALS
• Subpart 12: Scalable lossless coding -?SLS

Audio Specific Config

The Audio Specific Config is the global header for MPEG-4 Audio:

5 bits: object type if (object type == 31)6 bits + 32: object type 4 bits: frequency index if (frequency index == 15)24 bits: frequency 4 bits: channel configuration var bits: AOT Specific Config

Audio Object Types

MPEG-4 Audio Object Types:

• 0: Null?
• 1:?AAC?Main
• 2:?AAC?LC (Low Complexity)
• 3:?AAC?SSR (Scalable Sample Rate)
• 4:?AAC?LTP (Long Term Prediction)
• 5: SBR (Spectral Band Replication)
• 6:?AAC?Scalable
• 7:?TwinVQ
• 8:?CELP?(Code Excited Linear Prediction)
• 9: HXVC (Harmonic Vector eXcitation Coding)
• 10: Reserved
• 11: Reserved
• 12: TTSI (Text-To-Speech Interface)
• 13: Main Synthesis
• 14: Wavetable Synthesis
• 15: General MIDI
• 16: Algorithmic Synthesis and Audio Effects
• 17: ER (Error Resilient)?AAC?LC
• 18: Reserved
• 19: ER?AAC?LTP
• 20: ER?AAC?Scalable
• 21: ER?TwinVQ
• 22: ER?BSAC?(Bit-Sliced Arithmetic Coding)
• 23: ER?AAC?LD (Low Delay)
• 24: ER?CELP
• 25: ER HVXC
• 26: ER HILN (Harmonic and Individual Lines plus Noise)
• 27: ER Parametric
• 28: SSC (SinuSoidal Coding)
• 29: PS (Parametric Stereo)
• 30:?MPEG Surround
• 31: (Escape value)
• 32:?Layer-1
• 33:?Layer-2
• 34:?Layer-3
• 35: DST (Direct Stream Transfer)
• 36:?ALS?(Audio Lossless)
• 37:?SLS?(Scalable LosslesS)
• 38:?SLS?non-core
• 39: ER?AAC?ELD (Enhanced Low Delay)
• 40: SMR (Symbolic Music Representation) Simple
• 41: SMR Main
• 42:?USAC?(Unified Speech and Audio Coding) (no?SBR)
• 43: SAOC (Spatial Audio Object Coding)
• 44: LD?MPEG Surround
• 45:?USAC

Sampling Frequencies

There are 13 supported frequencies:

• 0: 96000 Hz
• 1: 88200 Hz
• 2: 64000 Hz
• 3: 48000 Hz
• 4: 44100 Hz
• 5: 32000 Hz
• 6: 24000 Hz
• 7: 22050 Hz
• 8: 16000 Hz
• 9: 12000 Hz
• 10: 11025 Hz
• 11: 8000 Hz
• 12: 7350 Hz
• 13: Reserved
• 14: Reserved
• 15: frequency is written explictly

Channel Configurations

These are the channel configurations:

• 0: Defined in AOT Specifc Config
• 1: 1 channel: front-center
• 2: 2 channels: front-left, front-right
• 3: 3 channels: front-center, front-left, front-right
• 4: 4 channels: front-center, front-left, front-right, back-center
• 5: 5 channels: front-center, front-left, front-right, back-left, back-right
• 6: 6 channels: front-center, front-left, front-right, back-left, back-right, LFE-channel
• 7: 8 channels: front-center, front-left, front-right, side-left, side-right, back-left, back-right, LFE-channel
• 8-15: Reserved

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