数字签名 那些密码技术_密码学中的数字签名
數(shù)字簽名 那些密碼技術(shù)
A signature is usually used to bind signatory to the message. The digital signature is thus a technique that binds a person or the entity to the digital data. This binding ensures that the person sending the data is solely responsible for being for it and this binding can be verified by the receiver and the third party. This digital signature is also stored using hash functions so that no one’s signature can be stolen and be misused. The process of binding the data with the digital signature is as follows.
簽名通常用于將簽名者綁定到消息。 因此， 數(shù)字簽名是將個(gè)人或?qū)嶓w綁定到數(shù)字?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)的技術(shù)。 此綁定確保發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)的人對此負(fù)全責(zé)，并且此綁定可以由接收方和第三方驗(yàn)證。 此數(shù)字簽名也使用哈希函數(shù)存儲(chǔ)，因此任何人的簽名都不會(huì)被盜用或?yàn)E用。 用數(shù)字簽名綁定數(shù)據(jù)的過程如下。
用數(shù)字簽名綁定數(shù)據(jù)的過程 (Process of binding the data with a digital Signature)
The user or the person who is sending the data is asked to enter some signature. This can be any unique text or his identity or something else. Hash Function is applied over this signature value and it is attached to the message being sent. The message is then transmitted to the other user with the hash value of the signature. The receiver then checks for the similarity between the signatory values. In this way, a digital signature is applied over the digital data.
用戶或發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)的人被要求輸入一些簽名。 這可以是任何唯一的文本或他的身份或其他任何東西。 哈希函數(shù)應(yīng)用于此簽名值，并且附加到正在發(fā)送的消息上。 然后將消息與簽名的哈希值一起發(fā)送給另一個(gè)用戶。 接收器然后檢查簽名值之間的相似性。 以這種方式，數(shù)字簽名被施加在數(shù)字?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)上。
數(shù)字簽名的應(yīng)用 (Applications of Digital Signature)
Message Authentication:
消息認(rèn)證 ：
When the verifier validates the digital signature using the public key, he is assured that the signature has been created by the valid sender who is having the private key. In this way, the receiver is assured that the message is sent by the one whose signature is attached with the message and this implies the message authentication.
當(dāng)驗(yàn)證者使用公鑰驗(yàn)證數(shù)字簽名時(shí)，將向他保證簽名已由擁有私鑰的有效發(fā)送者創(chuàng)建。 以這種方式，確保接收者該消息是由其簽名附有該消息的那個(gè)人發(fā)送的，并且這意味著消息認(rèn)證。
Data Integrity:
數(shù)據(jù)完整性 ：
In case the data has been modified in between the transmission, the signature verification algorithm fails at the receiver’s side. The hash code of the modified data and the output provided by the verification algorithm will no match, so the receiver can safely deny the message assuming that the data integrity has not been reached.
如果在兩次傳輸之間修改了數(shù)據(jù)，則簽名驗(yàn)證算法在接收方將失敗。 修改后的數(shù)據(jù)的哈希碼和驗(yàn)證算法提供的輸出將不匹配，因此，如果尚未達(dá)到數(shù)據(jù)完整性，則接收方可以安全地拒絕該消息。
Non- Repudiation:
不可否認(rèn) ：
The sender cannot deny that he has not sent that data if the data has been attached to the digital signature of the sender. Since, the person who is attaching the signature with the data that is to be transmitted, is the only person who can create that unique signature for his data (unless his signature is stolen by someone else), the receiver can present the data along with the digital signature in case the sender denies that he has not sent that data. Therefore, the signature must be kept private and must not be shared with anyone.
如果數(shù)據(jù)已附加到發(fā)送方的數(shù)字簽名，則發(fā)送方不能否認(rèn)自己沒有發(fā)送該數(shù)據(jù)。 由于將簽名與要傳輸?shù)臄?shù)據(jù)附加在一起的人是唯一可以為其數(shù)據(jù)創(chuàng)建該唯一簽名的人(除非他的簽名被他人竊取了)，因此接收者可以將數(shù)據(jù)與如果發(fā)件人否認(rèn)自己沒有發(fā)送該數(shù)據(jù)，則為數(shù)字簽名。 因此，簽名必須保密，不得與任何人共享。
Example, whenever a mail is received, the email id of the sender is the signatory to the message, and as every email id is unique, in case if any message is sent using his email address, the sender cannot deny from the fact that he has not sent that mail.
例如，每當(dāng)收到一封郵件時(shí)，發(fā)件人的電子郵件ID就是該消息的簽名者，并且由于每個(gè)電子郵件ID都是唯一的，因此，如果使用他的電子郵件地址發(fā)送了任何郵件，則發(fā)件人不能否認(rèn)他尚未發(fā)送該郵件。
翻譯自: https://www.includehelp.com/cryptography/digital-signatures.aspx
數(shù)字簽名 那些密碼技術(shù)
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