軟件故障

The need for software engineering was realized by the software industry after some of its major failures. Some of these failures are listed below,

在經歷了一些重大失敗之后，軟件行業意識到了對軟件工程的需求 。 下面列出了其中一些故障，

Y2K問題 (The Y2K problem)

The Y2K problem is the problem that was faced in the year 2000. It was simply due to the ignorance of the first two digits of the year and following the following date format in computers: DD/MM/YY. Everything was fine until the year 1999, but when the year 2000 arrived, the date format was turned to XX/XX/00. Due to this many systems which were bound to the clock stopped working, many showed unexpected behaviors and others like the bank software were not able to make calculations according to the dates. This problem aroused due to the year change from 1999 to 2000, and that’s the reason this problem was named so.

Y2K問題是2000年面臨的問題。這完全是由于該年的前兩位數字的無所知以及計算機中以下日期格式的影響：DD / MM / YY。 在1999年之前一切都很好，但是在2000年到來時，日期格式改為XX / XX / 00。 由于與時鐘相關聯的許多系統停止工作，許多系統顯示出意外的行為，而其他系統(如銀行軟件)無法根據日期進行計算。 由于從1999年到2000年的年份變化而引起了這個問題，這就是這個問題被如此命名的原因。

阿麗亞娜5 (Ariane 5)

This rocket from the European space agency was about to launch unmatched on June 4, 1996. Everything went fine in till the takeoff but just within forty seconds after its lift-off from Kourou, French Guiana, the rocket exploded.

這枚來自歐洲航天局的火箭即將在1996年6月4日無與倫比的發射。一切正常，直到起飛，但從法屬圭亞那庫魯升空后的四十秒內，火箭爆炸了。

This explosion was due to the error in the software. After 37 seconds of the takeoff, the rocket lost the complete guidance of its altitudes. Due to this, the inertial reference system of the rocket failed as there was no scope of handling such information loss in the software.

爆炸是由于軟件錯誤引起的。 起飛37秒后，火箭失去了其高度的完全引導。 因此，火箭的慣性參考系統出現故障，因為軟件中沒有處理此類信息丟失的范圍。

愛國者導彈 (The Patriot Missile)

The Patriot missile was used in the Gulf war on Feb 25, 1991, as a defense from the Iraqi Scud missiles. The missile failed several times due to some Software problem which led to System failure of the missile. Also, one of its failures also resulted in the Scud to strike the American army base. This killed 28 soldiers and injured nearly 100 other people.

愛國者導彈在1991年2月25日的海灣戰爭中用作防御伊拉克飛毛腿導彈的武器。 由于某些軟件問題，導致導彈的系統故障，導致導彈幾次失敗。 同樣，它的失敗之一也導致飛毛腿襲擊了美國陸軍基地。 這造成28名士兵死亡，近100人受傷。

The error in the missile occurred in the system’s clock. After 14 hours, the tracking system was no longer accurate. Specifically, the time in tenths of seconds as measured by the system's internal clock was multiplied by 1/10 to produce the time in seconds. So, as the system was operating for the last 100 hours, while the missile was operated, the 1/10^th of a second turned into the significant error which resulted in such a failure.

導彈的錯誤發生在系統的時鐘中。 14小時后，跟蹤系統不再準確。 具體來說，將系統內部時鐘所測量的以十分之一秒為單位的時間乘以1/10，以產生以秒為單位的時間。 所以，作為該系統操作用于過去100小時，同時被操作的導彈中^，1/10秒變成這導致這樣的故障的顯著錯誤。

金融軟件故障 (Financial Software Failures)

The failure in the Financial software has been faced several times by the companies and people. The accounting systems in such cases are not able to calculate the amount of each holder or firm correctly and this results in a loss to either the company or its clients. This failure can result in either producing wrong information or can also lead to the crashing of the whole system.

公司和人員已經多次遇到財務軟件的故障。 在這種情況下，會計系統無法正確計算每個持有人或公司的數量，這會給公司或其客戶造成損失。 此故障可能導致產生錯誤的信息，也可能導致整個系統崩潰。

The failure of the Financial Software is not only a threat to the software industry for that failure itself, but it can suffer them even further as it affects the belief of people and if they are not willing to work with such systems, this can be a huge loss for the other companies too.

金融軟件的故障不僅會對軟件行業本身造成威脅，而且還可能使他們遭受更大的打擊，因為這會影響人們的信念，如果他們不愿意使用這樣的系統，這可能是一個威脅。對其他公司來說也是巨大的損失。

翻譯自: https://www.includehelp.com/basics/some-major-software-failures.aspx

軟件故障

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