運用此博主的教程：jiachengren

首先利用IDEA創建Maven工程項目

1.選擇新建項目

2.選中Maven骨架

3.填寫項目名稱和項目位置

4.Finsh之后默認打開的是pom.xml文件

5.在pom.xml文件下填寫Spring的相關依賴(其中有一些拓寬工具依賴)


5.1完整的pom.xml代碼(可直接復制)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><groupId>org.example</groupId><artifactId>spring_demo</artifactId><version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version><dependencies><dependency><groupId>junit</groupId><artifactId>junit</artifactId><version>4.13</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-context</artifactId><version>5.0.2.RELEASE</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>log4j</groupId><artifactId>log4j</artifactId><version>1.2.9</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-test</artifactId><version>5.0.2.RELEASE</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId><artifactId>lombok</artifactId><version>1.18.12</version><scope>provided</scope></dependency></dependencies> </project>

6.完善簡單項目結構和編寫測試類文件
6.1簡單項目結構編寫

6.2在resources包下創建Spring配置文件,整合日志配置文件

6.2.1 applicationContext.xml 是Spring配置文件
applicationContext是約定俗成的叫法

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beanshttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/contexthttp://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/utilhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util.xsd"> </beans>

6.2.2 log4j2.xml 日志配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <Configuration status="WARN"><Appenders><Console name="Console" target="SYSTEM_OUT"><PatternLayout pattern="%d{HH:mm:ss} %level : %msg %l%n" /></Console></Appenders><Loggers><Logger name="mylog" level="error" additivity="false"><AppenderRef ref="Console" /></Logger><Root level="error"><AppenderRef ref="Console" /></Root></Loggers> </Configuration>

6.3編寫簡單User類,并加上注解(可以直接復制)
**說明:這里的User類用到了 Lombok工具,具體可參照官網文檔
Lombok官網:Lombok
@Data 替我們生成 getter,setter,toString等方法
@AllArgs/NoArgsConstructor分別為全參構造和無參構造

package com.xxx.demo.pojo;import lombok.AllArgsConstructor; import lombok.Data; import lombok.NoArgsConstructor; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;@Data @AllArgsConstructor @NoArgsConstructor @Component public class User {private String userName;private String password;public void add(){System.out.println("User add.........");} } 6.4在config包下編寫AppConfig類，并加上注解(可直接復制代碼) @ComponentScan: 全局掃描組件 其中的參數 basePackages 掃描組件的包 @Configuration: 聲明當前類為JavaConfig類 @Bean: 自動裝配package com.xxx.demo.config;import com.xxx.demo.pojo.User; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;@ComponentScan(basePackages = "com.xxx.demo") @Configuration public class AppConfig {@Beanpublic User user(){return new User();}}

7.至此Spring簡單配置完成,接下來測試
7.1簡單完善test包,包名和java包下保持一直一致如圖

package com.xxx.demo.pojo;import com.xxx.demo.config.AppConfig; import org.junit.Test; import org.junit.runner.RunWith; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration; import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) @ContextConfiguration(classes = AppConfig.class) public class TestUser {@Autowiredprivate User user;@Testpublic void test(){user.add();}}

7.3運行結果

總結

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