华三ospf联动bfd_HCIE2020__路由交换专家__BFD综合实验
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华三ospf联动bfd_HCIE2020__路由交换专家__BFD综合实验
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1.1.1 關于本實驗
本實驗通過配置BFD與BGP協議聯動及與VRRP協議聯動，掌握BFD的功能和配置方法。
1.1.2 實驗目的
- 理解BFD的工作原理。
- 掌握BFD與BGP聯動的應用場景及配置方法。
- 掌握BFD與VRRP聯動的應用場景及配置方法。
1.1.3
實驗組網介紹
圖1-1 BFD原理配置實驗拓撲圖
1.1.4 實驗規劃
根據上述拓撲圖，PC1與PC2通信有兩條鏈路，R2/R4中間存在傳輸設備TN1/TN2，R3/R5中間存在傳輸設備TN3/TN4，PC1與PC2通信優先選擇鏈路R1-R3-R5。
1.2 實驗任務配置
1.2.1 配置思路
1.2.2 配置步驟
步驟 1 配置設備接口IP地址
按照實驗規劃配置各設備及PC的IP地址，以R1的GE0/0/1接口為例。
# 在R1上配置IP地址
sys[Huawei]sysname R1[R1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 10.1.12.1 24步驟 2 配置路由協議
配置OSPF協議，R1/R2/R3/R4/R5之間運算OSPF協議，終端路由不宣告，以R1為例。
# 在R1上配置OSPF協議
[R1]ospf 1[R1-ospf-1]area 0[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.1.12.0 0.0.0.255[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.1.13.0 0.0.0.255[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0配置BGP路由，要求PC1與PC2通信優先走路徑R1-R3-R5，配置R3為反射器，R1/R2/R4/R5為客戶端，并且R1/R4/R5宣告終端路由，以R1與R3為例(R2/R4/R5與R1配置相似)。
# 在R3上配置BGP協議
[R3]bgp 100[R3-bgp]peer 1.1.1.1 as-number 100[R3-bgp]peer 1.1.1.1 connect-interface LoopBack0[R3-bgp]peer 1.1.1.1 reflect-client[R3-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 as-number 100[R3-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 connect-interface LoopBack0[R3-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 reflect-client[R3-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 as-number 100[R3-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 connect-interface LoopBack0[R3-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 reflect-client[R3-bgp]peer 5.5.5.5 as-number 100[R3-bgp]peer 5.5.5.5 connect-interface LoopBack0[R3-bgp]peer 5.5.5.5 reflect-client# 在R1上配置BGP路由
[R1]bgp 100[R1-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 as-number 100[R1-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 connect-interface LoopBack0[R1-bgp]network 10.1.100.0 255.255.255.0步驟 3 配置VRRP
在R4/R5上配置VRRP，R5為主設備，R4為備設備，Virtual-IP為10.1.200.3。
# 在R4上配置VRRP
[R4]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 10.1.200.3#在R5上配置VRRP
[R5]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 10.1.200.3[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]vrrp vrid 1 priority 120步驟 4 配置BFD與VRRP聯動
配置BFD檢測上行鏈路R3-R5，BFD會話必須為靜態形式。當TN3-TN4鏈路Down之后，業務能夠被快速切換到備設備上轉發，保證PC1-PC2正常通信。
# 在R3上配置BFD
[R3]bfd[R3-bfd]quit[R3]bfd vrrp bind peer-ip 10.1.35.2 interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 source-ip 10.1.35.1 auto# 在R5上配置BFD
[R5]bfd[R5-bfd]quit[R5]bfd vrrp bind peer-ip 10.1.35.1 interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 source-ip 10.1.35.2 auto# 在R5上配置BFD與VRRP聯動
[R5]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]vrrp vrid 1 track bfd-session session-name vrrp reduced 30步驟 5 配置BFD與BGP聯動
當鏈路R3-R5之間Down之后，業務能夠快速切換至備鏈路R2-R4，保證PC1-PC2正常通信。
# 在R3上配置動態BFD
[R3]bgp 100[R3-bgp]peer 5.5.5.5 bfd enable# 在R5上配置動態BFD
[R5]bgp 100[R5-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 bfd enable1.3 結果驗證
1.3.1 查看BFD會話信息
# 在路由器R3和R5上執行display bfd session all命令，查看靜態配置的BFD會話及BGP動態生成的BFD會話。
[R3]display bfd session all-------------------------------------------------------------------------------Local Remote???? PeerIpAddr????? State???? Type??????? InterfaceName???????????-------------------------------------------------------------------------------?8192? 8192?????? 10.1.35.2?????? Up??????? S_AUTO_IF?? GigabitEthernet0/0/1????8193? 8196?????? 5.5.5.5???????? Up??????? D_IP_PEER???????? -?????????????????-------------------------------------------------------------------------------???? Total UP/DOWN Session Number : 2/01.3.2 驗證BFD與VRRP聯動結果
未啟用BFD會話與VRRP聯動時，斷掉TN3-TN4之間的鏈路，可以觀察到當鏈路轉換為R1-R2-R4時，PC1-PC2之間不能正常通信，主設備仍然為R5。
# 在R5上display vrrp
[R5]display vrrp? GigabitEthernet0/0/1 | Virtual Router 1??? State : Master??? Virtual IP : 10.1.200.3??? Master IP : 10.1.200.2??? PriorityRun : 120??? PriorityConfig : 120??? MasterPriority : 120Preempt : YES?? Delay Time : 0 s??? TimerRun : 1 s??? TimerConfig : 1 s??? Auth type : NONE??? Virtual MAC : 0000-5e00-0101??? Check TTL : YES??? Config type : normal-vrrp??? Create time : 2018-08-07 13:51:53 UTC-08:00? ??Last change time : 2018-08-07 14:18:22 UTC-08:00當啟用BFD會話與VRRP聯動時，斷掉TN3-TN4之間的鏈路，主設備轉換為R4，PC1-PC2正常通信。
# 在R5上查看BFD會話
[R5]display bfd session all-------------------------------------------------------------------------------Local Remote???? PeerIpAddr ?????State???? Type??????? InterfaceName?????????? ?-------------------------------------------------------------------------------8192? 0????????? 10.1.35.1?????? Down????? S_AUTO_IF?? GigabitEthernet0/0/2????-------------------------------------------------------------------------------???? Total UP/DOWN Session Number : 0/1# 在R5上display vrrp
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]display vrrp? GigabitEthernet0/0/1 | Virtual Router 1??? State : Backup??? Virtual IP : 10.1.200.3??? Master IP : 10.1.200.1??? PriorityRun : 90??? PriorityConfig : 120??? MasterPriority : 100??? Preempt : YES?? Delay Time : 0 s??? TimerRun : 1 s??? TimerConfig : 1 s??? Auth type : NONE??? Virtual MAC : 0000-5e00-0101??? Check TTL : YES??? Config type : normal-vrrp??? Track BFD : vrrp? Priority reduced : 30??? BFD-session state : DOWN??? Create time : 2018-08-07 13:51:53 UTC-08:00Last change time : 2018-08-07 16:35:09 UTC-08:001.3.3 驗證BFD與BGP聯動結果
當未啟用BFD檢測R3-R5之間的鏈路時，Down掉TN3-TN4之間的鏈路，業務轉換到備鏈路R1-R2-R4之間需要較長時間，且這期間R3-R5之間BGP鄰居關系不會發生變化。
# PC1嘗試長ping PC2
PC>ping 10.1.200.100 -t?Ping 10.1.200.100: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to breakFrom 10.1.200.100: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=125 time=140 msFrom 10.1.200.100: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=125 time=157 msRequest timeout!Request timeout!Request timeout!Request timeout!Request timeout!Request timeout!Request timeout!……From 10.1.200.100: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=125 time=157 ms?--- 10.1.200.100 ping statistics ---? 66 packet(s) transmitted? 32 packet(s) received? 51.52% packet loss? round-trip min/avg/max = 125/158/203 ms?# 查看BGP鄰居
[R3]display bgp peer??BGP local router ID : 10.1.35.1?Local AS number : 100?Total number of peers : 4???????? ? Peers in established state : 4?? Peer?????? V???? AS? MsgRcvd? MsgSent? OutQ? Up/Down???? State? PrefRcv?? 1.1.1.1??? 4??? 100?????? 54?????? 59???? 0 00:51:12 Established??? 1? 2.2.2.2??? 4??? 100?????? 53?????? 59???? 0 00:51:12 Established??? 0? 4.4.4.4??? 4??? 100?????? 54?????? 59???? 0 00:51:12 Established??? 1? 5.5.5.5??? 4??? 100?????? 13????? ?15???? 0 00:10:38 Established??? 1當啟用BFD檢測R3-R5之間的鏈路時，Down掉TN3-TN4之間的鏈路，業務能夠較快轉換到備鏈路R1-R2-R4，且R3-R5之間BGP鄰居關系快速變化。
# 在R3上查看BFD會話
[R3]display bfd session all-------------------------------------------------------------------------------Local Remote???? PeerIpAddr????? State???? Type???????? InterfaceName???????????-------------------------------------------------------------------------------8192? 0?????????? 10.1.35.2??????? Down????? S_AUTO_IF?? GigabitEthernet0/0/1????-------------------------------------------------------------------------------???? Total UP/DOWN Session Number : 0/1# PC1嘗試長ping PC2
PC>ping 10.1.200.100 -t?Ping 10.1.200.100: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to breakFrom 10.1.200.100: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=125 time=203 msFrom 10.1.200.100: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=125 time=140 msRequest timeout!Request timeout!From 10.1.200.100: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=125 time=172 msFrom 10.1.200.100: bytes=32 seq=6 ttl=125 time=156 msFrom 10.1.200.100: bytes=32 seq=7 ttl=125 time=157 msFrom 10.1.200.100: bytes=32 seq=8 ttl=125 time=125 ms?--- 10.1.200.100 ping statistics ---? 9 packet(s) transmitted? 6 packet(s) received? 33.33% packet loss? round-trip min/avg/max = 125/158/203 ms# 在R3上查看BGP鄰居
display bgp peer??BGP local router ID : 10.1.35.1?Local AS number : 100?Total number of peers : 4???????? ? Peers in established state : 3?? Peer??????? V????? AS? MsgRcvd? MsgSent? OutQ? Up/Down?? State PrefRcv?? 1.1.1.1???? 4???? 100?????? 38?????? 42???? 0 00:35:43 Established ???1? 2.2.2.2???? 4???? 100 ??????37?????? 42???? 0 00:35:43 Established??? 0? 4.4.4.4???? 4???? 100?????? 38?????? 42???? 0 00:35:43 Established??? 1? 5.5.5.5 ????4???? 100??????? 0??????? 0???? 0 00:01:02??????? Idle??? ??01.4 配置參考
1.4.1 R1的配置
#sysname R1#interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1?ip address 10.1.12.1 255.255.255.0#interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2?ip address 10.1.13.1 255.255.255.0#interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3?ip address 10.1.100.1 255.255.255.0#interface LoopBack0?ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255#bgp 100?peer 3.3.3.3 as-number 100?peer 3.3.3.3 connect-interface LoopBack0?#?ipv4-family unicast? undo synchronization? network 10.1.100.0 255.255.255.0? peer 3.3.3.3 enable#ospf 1?area 0.0.0.0? network 10.1.12.0 0.0.0.255? network 10.1.13.0 0.0.0.255? network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0#Return1.4.2 R2的配置
#sysname R2#interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1?ip address 10.1.24.1 255.255.255.0#interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2?ip address 10.1.12.2 255.255.255.0#interface LoopBack0?ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255#bgp 100?peer 3.3.3.3 as-number 100?peer 3.3.3.3 connect-interface LoopBack0?#?ipv4-family unicast? undo synchronization? peer 3.3.3.3 enable#ospf 1?area 0.0.0.0? network 10.1.12.0 0.0.0.255? network 10.1.24.0 0.0.0.255? network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0#Return1.4.3 R3的配置
#sysname R3#bfd#interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1?ip address 10.1.35.1 255.255.255.0#interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2?ip address 10.1.13.2 255.255.255.0#interface LoopBack0?ip address 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.255#bfd vrrp bind peer-ip 10.1.35.2 interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 source-ip 10.1.35.1 auto?commit#bgp 100?peer 1.1.1.1 as-number 100?peer 1.1.1.1 connect-interface LoopBack0?peer 2.2.2.2 as-number 100?peer 2.2.2.2 connect-interface LoopBack0?peer 4.4.4.4 as-number 100?peer 4.4.4.4 connect-interface LoopBack0?peer 5.5.5.5 as-number 100?peer 5.5.5.5 connect-interface LoopBack0?peer 5.5.5.5 bfd enable?#?ipv4-family unicast? undo synchronization? peer 1.1.1.1 enable? peer 1.1.1.1 reflect-client? peer 2.2.2.2 enable? peer 2.2.2.2 reflect-client? peer 4.4.4.4 enable? peer 4.4.4.4 reflect-client? peer 5.5.5.5 enable? peer 5.5.5.5 reflect-client#ospf 1?area 0.0.0.0? network 10.1.13.0 0.0.0.255? network 10.1.35.0 0.0.0.255? network 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0#Return1.4.4 R4的配置
#sysname R4#interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1?ip address 10.1.200.1 255.255.255.0?vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 10.1.200.3#interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2?ip address 10.1.24.2 255.255.255.0#interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3?ip address 10.1.45.1 255.255.255.0#interface LoopBack0?ip address 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.255#bgp 100?peer 3.3.3.3 as-number 100?peer 3.3.3.3 connect-interface LoopBack0?#?ipv4-family unicast? undo synchronization? network 10.1.200.0 255.255.255.0? peer 3.3.3.3 enable#ospf 1?area 0.0.0.0? network 10.1.24.0 0.0.0.255? network 10.1.45.0 0.0.0.255? network 4.4.4.4 0.0.0.0#Return1.4.5 R5的配置
#sysname R5#bfd#interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1?ip address 10.1.200.2 255.255.255.0?vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 10.1.200.3?vrrp vrid 1 priority 120?vrrp vrid 1 track bfd-session session-name vrrp reduced 30#interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2?ip address 10.1.35.2 255.255.255.0#interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3?ip address 10.1.45.2 255.255.255.0#interface LoopBack0?ip address 5.5.5.5 255.255.255.255#bfd vrrp bind peer-ip 10.1.35.1 interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 source-ip 10.1.35.2 auto?commit#bgp 100?peer 3.3.3.3 as-number 100?peer 3.3.3.3 connect-interface LoopBack0?peer 3.3.3.3 bfd enable?#?ipv4-family unicast? undo synchronization? network 10.1.200.0 255.255.255.0? peer 3.3.3.3 enable#ospf 1?area 0.0.0.0? network 10.1.35.0 0.0.0.255? network 10.1.45.0 0.0.0.255? network 5.5.5.5 0.0.0.0#return總結
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