mysql 的熱備
http://www.178linux.com/10139
http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-04/99671.htm
http://634871.blog.51cto.com/624871/1351049
http://www.cnblogs.com/galengao/p/5755835.html
http://heylinux.com/archives/3777.html

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遇到問題，解決鏈接

http://blog.csdn.net/sqlserverdiscovery/article/details/52856949
這里我們使用XtraBackup來實現MySQL的熱備
XtraBackup取代innodbbackup的工具并且XtraBackup能夠完全兼容innodb存儲引擎，并對innodb存儲引擎實現完全的物理層的熱備。
但是缺憾就是對MyISAM表格只能做溫備，而且不支持增量備份
XtraBackup更多高級特性通常只能在innodb存儲引擎上實現，而且高級特性還都依賴于mysql數據庫對innodb引擎實現了單獨表空間，否則沒辦法實現單表或單庫導出

所以這里我們先檢查一下MySQL中的表是不是使用了每個表都單獨的使用表空間，如果不是的話，將其修改成每表單獨表空間

mysql> show global variables like '%innodb_file_p%';
+-----------------------+-------+
| Variable_name???????? | Value |
+-----------------------+-------+
| innodb_file_per_table | ON??? |
+-----------------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

如果這里是ＯＦＦ的話，我們就要開啟這個功能
將來一旦要用到xtrabackup或各種高級功能的話建議剛安裝mysql的時候直接將默認配置去寫進配置文件，中途再更改的話會非常麻煩
加入說我們現在是ＯＦＦ狀態的話，我們需要先停數據庫
然后使用mysqldump 全備份
mysqldump -uroot --lock-all-tables --all-databases --master-data=2 --events> /bak/all.sql

編輯配置文件加入以下參數
vim /etc/my.cnf
添加如下
innodb_file_per_table= 1

而后刪除數據文件并重新初始化
[root@test2 data]#pwd
/mydata/data
[root@test2 data]# rm -fr *

重新初始化：
[root@test mysql]# scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql--datadir=/mydata/data/ --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/

重啟數據庫
/etc/init.d/mysqld start
mysql> showglobal variables like '%innodb_file_per%';

然后就是恢復數據了
mysql> source /bak/all.sql

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現在，絕大多數使用MySQL的場景中，都用到了Master-Slave這樣的架構。相對于mysqldump而言，使用innobackupex備份有以下好處：
1. 以數據文件為備份對象，文件級別備份，速度快，尤其適合需要對所有數據進行備份的場景；
2. 熱備份，不會對現有的數據庫訪問造成影響；
3. 記錄binlog以及replication相關信息，在創建和恢復Slave時非常有用；
4. 支持對備份后的數據進行同步并行壓縮，有效節省磁盤空間；

目前，在我們的線上環境中，數據庫的大小，在沒有壓縮之前為500G左右，壓縮之后的大小為90G左右。
而在風哥的環境中，數據庫的大小已經超過了1T，以下是風哥的幾點補充：
1.用innobackupex可以做到不停業務在線備份，前提是對innodb引擎，對myisam也會鎖表；
2.在備份過程會導致IO很高，建議在一臺slave上做備份（一般用一臺slave只做備份用），不建議在主上備份；
3.innobackupex可以用增量與全量備份方式配合；

現在來說一下全備份
# 指定備份某一數據庫
[root@client103 ~]#innobackupex --defaults-file=/data/usr/local/mysql56/my.cnf --user=root --password=kongzhong123 --port=3306 --socket=/data/dbdata/3306/mysql.sock /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full/ > /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/innoback.log 2>&1
# 備份所有的數據庫
[root@client103 backup]# innobackupex --defaults-file=/data/usr/local/mysql56/my.cnf --user=root --password=kongzhong123 --port=3306 --socket=/data/dbdata/3306/mysql.sock /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full/ > /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/innoback.log 2>&1
# 注：還原時，需要清空數據目錄，所以建議備份的話，執行全庫備份
# 備份完成后，應用日志，是備份的數據保持一致[ /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full/為備份存放的位置]
innobackupex --apply-log --defaults-file=/data/usr/local/mysql56/my.cnf --user=root --password=kongzhong123 --port=3306 --socket=/data/dbdata/3306/mysql.sock /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full/2017-02-15_13-58-26

# 利用剛才的備份進行數據庫還原


這里我們模仿數據丟失，然后我們關閉數據庫，執行恢復操作
truncate table user_admin;
service mysql_3306 stop
cd /data/dbdata/3306
mv data data_bak
mkdir data

innobackupex --copy-back --defaults-file=/data/usr/local/mysql56/my.cnf --socket=/data/dbdata/3306/mysql.sock /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full/

我在做copy-back這一步總是報錯，報錯內容為：Original data directory '.' is not empty
網上查找資料說要指定數據文件的目錄,所以這里我添加一個--datadir，指定一下路徑
innobackupex --copy-back --defaults-file=/data/usr/local/mysql56/my.cnf --socket=/data/dbdata/3306/mysql.sock --datadir=/data/dbdata/3306/data? /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full/2017-02-15_14-55-03/

chown mysql.mysql data -R

/etc/init.d/mysql start

我們再來看看數據都恢復了

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但是要是在生產環境下的話，建議使用在從庫上進行備份。但是我們還要注意主庫上的二進制日志（可以給這個也做一下切割備份）

現在我來做一下主從，首先我來在從庫上裝一下MySQL

主從的安裝文章參考：http://www.cnblogs.com/smail-bao/p/6405313.html

?現在我們來在從庫上操作一下備份

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創建全備和增備的目錄 [root@bao-work-2 ~]# mkdir -p /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/{full,incre}現在分為常規的備份方式和壓縮的備份方式 常規的備份方式為： innobackupex --defaults-file=/data/dbdata/3306/my.cnf --user=root --password=kongzhong123 --port=3306 --socket=/data/dbdata/3306/mysql.sock --slave-info --safe-slave-backup /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full/ > /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full/full.log 2>&1innobackupex --apply-log --defaults-file=/data/dbdata/3306/my.cnf --socket=/data/dbdata/3306/mysql.sock --datadir=/data/dbdata/3306/data /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full/2017-02-16_14-49-26/etc/init.d/mysql stop (要是不先執行這一步的話，等會再重啟的時候會報錯，關mysql都關不掉)mv data data_bak mkdir datainnobackupex --copy-back --defaults-file=/data/dbdata/3306/my.cnf --socket=/data/dbdata/3306/mysql.sock --datadir=/data/dbdata/3306/data /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full/2017-02-16_14-49-26chown mysql.mysql data -R /etc/init.d/mysql_3306 start 啟動成功現在我們回到上面的問題 加入我們現在備份成功，遇到一個問題就是一個人把你的data目錄給刪除了 但是你通過 ps -ef | grep mysql 發現還是有進程 你現在要做的就是通過備份恢復數據 mkdir data innobackupex --copy-back --defaults-file=/data/dbdata/3306/my.cnf --socket=/data/dbdata/3306/mysql.sock --datadir=/data/dbdata/3306/data /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full/2017-02-16_14-49-26 chown mysql.mysql data -R [root@bao-work-2 3306]# /etc/init.d/mysql_3306 restart MySQL server PID file could not be found! [失敗] Starting MySQL...The server quit without updating PID file [失敗]/dbdata/3306/data/bao-work-2.pid). 我們發現重啟的時候報錯了這個時候就需要我們手動的去kill 掉MySQL的進程了 for i in $(ps -ef | grep mysql | grep -v 'grep' | awk '{print $2}');do kill -9 $i;done 然后我們去啟動數據庫 /etc/init.d/mysql_3306 start這樣我們就看到MySQL數據回來了

但是還有一點要注意的是，我們要去恢復主從同步。
我們要看一下從庫上面的備份文件下的xtrabackup_slave_info的文件內容
[root@bao-work-2 2017-02-16_14-49-26]# cat xtrabackup_info
uuid = 1bbe50b3-f414-11e6-b6ed-000c29831a2e
name =
tool_name = innobackupex
tool_command = --defaults-file=/data/dbdata/3306/my.cnf --user=root --password=... --port=3306 --socket=/data/dbdata/3306/mysql.sock --slave-info --safe-slave-backup /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full/
tool_version = 2.3.3
ibbackup_version = 2.3.3
server_version = 5.6.23-log
start_time = 2017-02-16 14:49:26
end_time = 2017-02-16 14:49:48
lock_time = 0
binlog_pos = filename 'mysql-bin.000006', position '120'
innodb_from_lsn = 0
innodb_to_lsn = 10005906
partial = N
incremental = N
format = file
compact = N
compressed = N
encrypted = N

然后我們進入MySQL執行下面的操作
change master to
master_host='10.230.200.19',
master_port=3306,
master_user='repl',
master_password='kongzhong789',
master_log_file='mysql-bin.000006',
master_log_pos=120;


start slave;
show slave status\G;

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接下來我們要看的就是從庫MySQL的增量備份和恢復

?指定MySQL備份方案
每天一次的完整備份+兩次增量備份
在每次備份的時候都會產生日志，反正也不大可以保存下來
1.完整備份

innobackupex --defaults-file=/data/dbdata/3306/my.cnf --user=root --password=kongzhong123 --port=3306 --socket=/data/dbdata/3306/mysql.sock --no-lock --slave-info --safe-slave-backup --compress --compress-threads=8 /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full/ > /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full.log 2>&1

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2.第一次增量備份

innobackupex --defaults-file=/data/dbdata/3306/my.cnf --user=root --password=kongzhong123 --port=3306 --socket=/data/dbdata/3306/mysql.sock --no-lock --slave-info --safe-slave-backup --compress --compress-threads=8 --incremental /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/incre --incremental-basedir=/data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full/2017-02-16_16-09-42 >/data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/incre1.log 2>&1

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3.第二次增量備份

innobackupex --defaults-file=/data/dbdata/3306/my.cnf --user=root --password=kongzhong123 --port=3306 --socket=/data/dbdata/3306/mysql.sock --no-lock --slave-info --safe-slave-backup --compress --compress-threads=8 --incremental /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/incre --incremental-basedir=/data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/incre/2017-02-16_16-17-32 >/data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/incre2.log 2>&1

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恢復
取回完整備份

innobackupex --defaults-file=/data/dbdata/3306/my.cnf --socket=/data/dbdata/3306/mysql.sock --decompress --parallel=4 /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full/2017-02-16_16-09-42

報錯：

在執行上面shell的時候遇到一個錯誤 sh: qpress: command not found解決辦法 cd /data/toolswget http://www.quicklz.com/qpress-11-linux-x64.tartar xvf qpress-11-linux-x64.tarcp qpress /usr/bin 然后再執行上面的操作

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取回完整備份

innobackupex --defaults-file=/data/dbdata/3306/my.cnf --socket=/data/dbdata/3306/mysql.sock --decompress --parallel=4 /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full/2017-02-16_16-09-42

下面為執行后輸出內容

170216 16:39:11 innobackupex: Starting the decrypt and decompress operationIMPORTANT: Please check that the decrypt and decompress run completes successfully.At the end of a successful decrypt and decompress run innobackupexprints "completed OK!".innobackupex version 2.3.3 based on MySQL server 5.6.24 Linux (x86_64) (revision id: 525ca7d) 170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./xtrabackup_slave_info.qp 170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./backup-my.cnf.qp 170216 16:39:11 [04] decompressing ./ibdata1.qp 170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/t_admin_role_priv.frm.qp 170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/t_pre_auth_trade.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/uc_t_role_fun.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/uc_t_role.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/t_history_yield.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/act_t_activity.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/servers.frm.qp 170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/t_console_menu.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/t_withdraw_deposit_order.frm.qp 170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/t_xmas_count.frm.qp 170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/crm_person_info.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/t_admin_role.frm.qp 170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/help_relation.MYI.qp 170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/slave_worker_info.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/servers.MYD.qp 170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/help_relation.MYD.qp 170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/t_licai_project_info.frm.qp 170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/t_third_interface_log.frm.qp 170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/uc_t_role.frm.qp 170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/cd_t_withdraw.frm.qp 170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/t_city.MYD.qp 170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/t_withdraw_deposit_order.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/db.frm.qp 170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/ndb_binlog_index.frm.qp 170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/t_area.frm.qp 170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/uc_t_department.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/t_city.frm.qp 170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/t_oauth_info.frm.qp 170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/t_province.MYD.qp 170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/help_topic.MYI.qp 170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/t_my_hongbao_info.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/t_question.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/t_account_detail.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/t_awards_xmas.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/t_templet_field.frm.qp 170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/tables_priv.MYD.qp 170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/t_admin.frm.qp 170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/t_licai_project_info.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/t_grant_record.frm.qp 170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/plugin.MYI.qp 170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/uc_t_role_authority.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/t_company_user.frm.qp 170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/user.MYI.qp 170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/con_t_credit_pro.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/time_zone_name.frm.qp 170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/uc_t_staff.frm.qp 170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/act_t_lottery_coupon.frm.qp 170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/crm_t_banks.frm.qp 170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/time_zone_leap_second.frm.qp 170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/uc_t_staff.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/procs_priv.frm.qp 170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/t_borrower_info.frm.qp 170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/cd_t_credit_info.frm.qp 170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/servers.MYI.qp 170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/t_operation_log.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/act_t_awards_info.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/tables_priv.frm.qp 170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/t_project_tag.frm.qp 170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/crm_t_car_info.frm.qp 170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/t_district.MYI.qp 170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/innodb_index_stats.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/ndb_binlog_index.MYI.qp 170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/t_game.frm.qp 170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/t_pre_auth_trade.frm.qp 170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/tpp_t_repayment.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/t_text_content.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/event.MYD.qp 170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/slave_worker_info.frm.qp 170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/t_active.frm.qp 170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/uc_t_staff_role.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:11 [04] decompressing ./mysql/t_district.MYD.qp 170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/slave_relay_log_info.frm.qp 170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/t_question.frm.qp 170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/crm_agent_company_info.frm.qp 170216 16:39:11 [04] decompressing ./mysql/help_topic.frm.qp 170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/t_my_hongbao_info.frm.qp 170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/uc_t_role_fun.frm.qp 170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/t_admin_role_priv.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/columns_priv.frm.qp 170216 16:39:11 [04] decompressing ./mysql/cd_t_credit_info.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/help_relation.frm.qp 170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/help_category.frm.qp 170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/t_hongbao_batch_info.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:11 [04] decompressing ./mysql/general_log.CSM.qp 170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/uc_t_function.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/t_licai_order_info.frm.qp 170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/t_ad_info.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:11 [04] decompressing ./mysql/help_category.MYI.qp 170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/t_template.frm.qp 170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/t_console_menu.frm.qp 170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/t_sms_log.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:11 [04] decompressing ./mysql/t_district.frm.qp 170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/ft_t_credit_detail_info.frm.qp 170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/user.frm.qp 170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/t_reimburse_order.frm.qp 170216 16:39:11 [04] decompressing ./mysql/ft_t_tender_plan.frm.qp 170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/time_zone_leap_second.MYD.qp 170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/t_news_info.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/t_dict.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:11 [04] decompressing ./mysql/sys_t_log.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/tpp_t_transfer.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/t_licai_project_detail_info.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/t_award_num.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:11 [04] decompressing ./mysql/t_user_info.frm.qp 170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/proxies_priv.frm.qp 170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/con_t_fortune_pro.frm.qp 170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/procs_priv.MYI.qp 170216 16:39:11 [04] decompressing ./mysql/con_t_fortune_pro.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/t_project_category.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/time_zone_transition.frm.qp 170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/proc.frm.qp 170216 16:39:11 [04] decompressing ./mysql/t_touzi_summary.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/slow_log.frm.qp 170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/t_new_project_limit.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/slow_log.CSM.qp 170216 16:39:11 [03] 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170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/uc_t_department.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_city.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_oauth_info.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_province.MYD.qp 170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_my_hongbao_info.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_question.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_account_detail.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_awards_xmas.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_templet_field.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_admin.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_licai_project_info.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_grant_record.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/uc_t_role_authority.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_company_user.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/con_t_credit_pro.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/uc_t_staff.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/act_t_lottery_coupon.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/crm_t_banks.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/uc_t_staff.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_borrower_info.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/cd_t_credit_info.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_operation_log.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/act_t_awards_info.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_project_tag.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/crm_t_car_info.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_district.MYI.qp 170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_game.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_pre_auth_trade.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/tpp_t_repayment.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_text_content.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_active.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/uc_t_staff_role.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_district.MYD.qp 170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_question.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/crm_agent_company_info.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/db.opt.qp 170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_my_hongbao_info.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/uc_t_role_fun.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_admin_role_priv.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/cd_t_credit_info.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_hongbao_batch_info.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/uc_t_function.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_licai_order_info.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_ad_info.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_template.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_console_menu.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_sms_log.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_district.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/ft_t_credit_detail_info.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_reimburse_order.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/ft_t_tender_plan.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_news_info.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_dict.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/sys_t_log.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/tpp_t_transfer.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_licai_project_detail_info.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_award_num.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_user_info.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/con_t_fortune_pro.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/con_t_fortune_pro.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_project_category.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_touzi_summary.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_new_project_limit.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_user_info.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_question_answer.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_hongbao_type.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_active.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_total_user.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_awards_xmas.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/crm_agent_person_info.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_operation_log.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/crm_t_attachment.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/crm_person_info.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/uc_t_staff_role.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_history_yield.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/crm_agent_company_info.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_touzi_summary.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_xmas_count.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_sms_log.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_question_answer.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_xmas_record.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_menu.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_project_status_event.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_login_award.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/uc_t_role_authority.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_borrower_info.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_oauth_info.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_news_info.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_award.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_area.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_account_detail.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_licai_order_info.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/uc_t_login_info.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_new_project_limit.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_game.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_licai_project_detail_info.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_project_tag.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_award_num.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_text_content.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_console_dictionary.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_menu.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_province.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/ft_t_credit_detail_info.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_admin.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/sys_t_login_logger.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/crm_t_attachment.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_user_message_info.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/sys_t_login_logger.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/ft_t_tender_plan_credit.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_xmas_record.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/cd_t_withdraw.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/tpp_t_transfer.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_project_category.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_grant_record.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_xmas_user.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/act_t_lottery_coupon.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_province.MYI.qp 170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/crm_t_company_info.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/crm_t_company_info.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_award.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_admin_role.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_city.MYI.qp 170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/ft_t_tender_plan.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_hongbao_batch_info.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/ft_t_tender_plan_credit.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/uc_t_login_info.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/crm_t_third_info.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_console_dictionary.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/sys_t_log.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/cd_t_payment.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/uc_t_function.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_template.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_reimburse_order.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/crm_t_third_info.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/cd_t_payment.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/crm_agent_person_info.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/cd_t_audit_info.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/act_t_lottery_count.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/tpp_t_repayment.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_company_application.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_project_status_event.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/act_t_awards_info.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_third_interface_log.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_templet_field.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_dict.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_company_repayment_order.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/act_t_lottery_count.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/cd_t_audit_info.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_login_award.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_company_application.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_service.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_company_user.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_newbie_guide.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_company_repayment_order.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_ad_info.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_newbie_guide.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/crm_t_banks.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_hongbao_type.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/crm_t_car_info.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_user_message_info.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_total_user.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/uc_t_department.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_xmas_user.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/cd_t_deposite.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/cd_t_deposite.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/act_t_activity.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_service.ibd.qp 170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/con_t_credit_pro.frm.qp 170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./xtrabackup_info.qp 170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./xtrabackup_logfile.qp 170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./test/db.opt.qp 170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./xtrabackup_binlog_info.qp 170216 16:39:12 completed OK!

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find /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full/2017-02-16_16-09-42 -name "*.qp" -delete

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備份完成后，應用日志，是備份的數據保持一致

innobackupex --apply-log --defaults-file=/data/dbdata/3306/my.cnf --user=root --password=kongzhong123 --port=3306 --socket=/data/dbdata/3306/mysql.sock --redo-only /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full/2017-02-16_16-09-42

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下面為輸出內容：

170216 16:44:05 innobackupex: Starting the apply-log operationIMPORTANT: Please check that the apply-log run completes successfully.At the end of a successful apply-log run innobackupexprints "completed OK!".innobackupex version 2.3.3 based on MySQL server 5.6.24 Linux (x86_64) (revision id: 525ca7d) xtrabackup: cd to /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full/2017-02-16_16-09-42 xtrabackup: This target seems to be not prepared yet. xtrabackup: xtrabackup_logfile detected: size=2097152, start_lsn=(10007614) xtrabackup: using the following InnoDB configuration for recovery: xtrabackup: innodb_data_home_dir = ./ xtrabackup: innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend xtrabackup: innodb_log_group_home_dir = ./ xtrabackup: innodb_log_files_in_group = 1 xtrabackup: innodb_log_file_size = 2097152 xtrabackup: using the following InnoDB configuration for recovery: xtrabackup: innodb_data_home_dir = ./ xtrabackup: innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend xtrabackup: innodb_log_group_home_dir = ./ xtrabackup: innodb_log_files_in_group = 1 xtrabackup: innodb_log_file_size = 2097152 xtrabackup: Starting InnoDB instance for recovery. xtrabackup: Using 104857600 bytes for buffer pool (set by --use-memory parameter) InnoDB: Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins InnoDB: Memory barrier is not used InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3 InnoDB: Using CPU crc32 instructions InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 100.0M InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool InnoDB: Highest supported file format is Barracuda. InnoDB: The log sequence numbers 10007584 and 10007584 in ibdata files do not match the log sequence number 10007614 in the ib_logfiles! InnoDB: Database was not shutdown normally! InnoDB: Starting crash recovery. InnoDB: Reading tablespace information from the .ibd files... InnoDB: Restoring possible half-written data pages InnoDB: from the doublewrite buffer... xtrabackup: Last MySQL binlog file position 5321597, file name mysql-bin.000005xtrabackup: starting shutdown with innodb_fast_shutdown = 1 InnoDB: Starting shutdown... InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 10007614 170216 16:44:06 completed OK!

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合并第一個增量備份（必須加參數--redo-only）

innobackupex --defaults-file=/data/dbdata/3306/my.cnf --socket=/data/dbdata/3306/mysql.sock --decompress --parallel=4 /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/incre/2017-02-16_16-17-32find /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/incre/2017-02-16_16-17-32 -name "*.qp" -deleteinnobackupex --apply-log --defaults-file=/data/dbdata/3306/my.cnf --user=root --password=kongzhong123 --port=3306 --socket=/data/dbdata/3306/mysql.sock --redo-only /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full/2017-02-16_16-09-42 --incremental-dir=/data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/incre/2017-02-16_16-17-32

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合并第二個增量備份（必須加參數--redo-only）

innobackupex --defaults-file=/data/dbdata/3306/my.cnf --socket=/data/dbdata/3306/mysql.sock --decompress --parallel=4 /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/incre/2017-02-16_16-25-24/find /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/incre/2017-02-16_16-25-24/ -name "*.qp" -deleteinnobackupex --apply-log --defaults-file=/data/dbdata/3306/my.cnf --user=root --password=kongzhong123 --port=3306 --socket=/data/dbdata/3306/mysql.sock --redo-only /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full/2017-02-16_16-09-42 --incremental-dir=/data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/incre/2017-02-16_16-25-24/

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準備完整的備份 #find /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full/2017-02-16_16-09-42 -name "*.qp" -deleteinnobackupex --apply-log --defaults-file=/data/dbdata/3306/my.cnf --user=root --password=kongzhong123 --port=3306 --socket=/data/dbdata/3306/mysql.sock /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full/2017-02-16_16-09-42/etc/init.d/mysql_3306 stop 模擬數據丟失 cd /data/dbdat/3306 mv data data_bak mkdir datainnobackupex --copy-back --defaults-file=/data/dbdata/3306/my.cnf --socket=/data/dbdata/3306/mysql.sock --datadir=/data/dbdata/3306/data /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full/2017-02-16_16-09-42chown mysql.mysql data -R/etc/init.d/mysql_3306 start

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后面的步驟就和之前一樣了，記得要恢復主從
這里是從哪個日志節點開始恢復呢
我們看一下最后的完整備份下的
[root@bao-work-2 2017-02-16_16-09-42]#cat xtrabackup_slave_info
CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000007', MASTER_LOG_POS=17767858


change master to
master_host='10.230.200.19',
master_port=3306,
master_user='repl',
master_password='kongzhong789',
master_log_file='mysql-bin.000007',
master_log_pos=17767858;

start slave;


show slave status\G;


經過上面的測試數據全部恢復，主從同步

我現在回放一下我的實驗流程

1、mysql slave 全備 2、master update 3、slave 第一次增量備份 4、master update 5、slave 第二次增量備份 6、stop slave 7、mv data data_bak ,mkdir data 8、update master然后就是恢復數據了 1、取回完整備份 innobackupex --defaults-file=/data/dbdata/3306/my.cnf --socket=/data/dbdata/3306/mysql.sock --decompress --parallel=4 /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full/2017-02-16_16-09-42 2017-02-16_16-09-42：是全備份的目錄 find /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full/2017-02-16_16-09-42 -name "*.qp" -delete2、合并第一個增量備份，必須加參數--redo-only innobackupex --defaults-file=/data/dbdata/3306/my.cnf --socket=/data/dbdata/3306/mysql.sock --decompress --parallel=4 /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/incre/2017-02-16_16-17-32find /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/incre/2017-02-16_16-17-32 -name "*.qp" -deleteinnobackupex --apply-log --defaults-file=/data/dbdata/3306/my.cnf --user=root --password=kongzhong123 --port=3306 --socket=/data/dbdata/3306/mysql.sock --redo-only /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full/2017-02-16_16-09-42 --incremental-dir=/data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/incre/2017-02-16_16-17-322017-02-16_16-09-42：是全備份的目錄 2017-02-16_16-17-32：第一次增量備份的目錄3、合并第二個增量備份（必須加參數--redo-only） innobackupex --defaults-file=/data/dbdata/3306/my.cnf --socket=/data/dbdata/3306/mysql.sock --decompress --parallel=4 /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/incre/2017-02-16_16-25-24/find /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/incre/2017-02-16_16-25-24/ -name "*.qp" -deleteinnobackupex --apply-log --defaults-file=/data/dbdata/3306/my.cnf --user=root --password=kongzhong123 --port=3306 --socket=/data/dbdata/3306/mysql.sock --redo-only /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full/2017-02-16_16-09-42 --incremental-dir=/data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/incre/2017-02-16_16-25-24/2017-02-16_16-25-24：第二次增量備份的目錄4、現在準備完整的備份 innobackupex --apply-log --defaults-file=/data/dbdata/3306/my.cnf --user=root --password=kongzhong123 --port=3306 --socket=/data/dbdata/3306/mysql.sock /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full/2017-02-16_16-09-42mv data data_bak mkdir datainnobackupex --copy-back --defaults-file=/data/dbdata/3306/my.cnf --socket=/data/dbdata/3306/mysql.sock --datadir=/data/dbdata/3306/data /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full/2017-02-16_16-09-42chown mysql.mysql data -R/etc/init.d/mysql_3306 start這個時候恢復的數據是不完整的，只是把數據恢復到了slave第二次增量備份之前 所以我們現在要重新恢復主從cd 到完整備份的目錄下 # cat xtrabackup_slave_info CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000007', MASTER_LOG_POS=17767858然后執行change master to

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3、小結
a、Xtrabackup恢復的目的要是保證事務(數據)的一致性，Xtrabackup log會記錄這些事務備份期間的狀態
b、恢復過程分為2個階段，一個是Prepare階段，一個是copy back階段，恢復前關閉原有實例
c、Prepare階段會根據從innodb logfile捕獲出來的信息(記錄在xtrabackup log)來進行相應的前滾或回滾
d、Prepare階段會在成功前滾或回滾后創建新的innodb logfile(空)
e、copy back階段則是將成功恢復的全部文件復制回原來或指定的數據目錄(目錄應為空目錄)
f、copy back前需要關閉原有實例，如果恢復到不同的實例則不需要
g、copy back完成后應做相應的權限修改
h、啟動恢復后的實例并進行相關驗證

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轉載于:https://www.cnblogs.com/smail-bao/p/6402246.html

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