線程池對于執(zhí)行同步和異步過程非常重要。 本文介紹如何使用Spring開發(fā)和監(jiān)視線程池服務(wù)。 創(chuàng)建線程池已通過兩種替代方法進(jìn)行了說明。

二手技術(shù) ：

JDK 1.6.0_21
Spring3.0.5
Maven的3.0.2

步驟1：建立已完成的專案

創(chuàng)建一個(gè)Maven項(xiàng)目，如下所示。 （可以使用Maven或IDE插件來創(chuàng)建它）。

步驟2：圖書館

Spring依賴項(xiàng)已添加到Maven的pom.xml中。

<!-- Spring 3 dependencies --> <dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-core</artifactId><version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-context</artifactId><version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency>

為了創(chuàng)建runnable-jar，可以使用以下插件。

<plugin><groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId><artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId><version>1.3.1</version><executions><execution><phase>package</phase><goals><goal>shade</goal></goals><configuration><transformers><transformerimplementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer"><mainClass>com.otv.exe.Application</mainClass></transformer><transformerimplementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer"><resource>META-INF/spring.handlers</resource></transformer><transformerimplementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer"><resource>META-INF/spring.schemas</resource></transformer></transformers></configuration></execution></executions> </plugin>

第3步：創(chuàng)建任務(wù)班

通過實(shí)現(xiàn)Runnable接口可以創(chuàng)建一個(gè)新的TestTask類。 此類顯示要執(zhí)行的任務(wù)。

package com.otv.task;import org.apache.log4j.Logger;/*** @author onlinetechvision.com* @since 17 Oct 2011* @version 1.0.0**/ public class TestTask implements Runnable {private static Logger log = Logger.getLogger(TestTask.class);String taskName;public TestTask() {}public TestTask(String taskName) {this.taskName = taskName;}public void run() {try {log.debug(this.taskName + " : is started.");Thread.sleep(10000);log.debug(this.taskName + " : is completed.");} catch (InterruptedException e) {log.error(this.taskName + " : is not completed!");e.printStackTrace();}}@Overridepublic String toString() {return (getTaskName());}public String getTaskName() {return taskName;}public void setTaskName(String taskName) {this.taskName = taskName;} }

步驟4：建立TestRejectedExecutionHandler類別

通過實(shí)現(xiàn)RejectedExecutionHandler接口來創(chuàng)建TestRejectedExecutionHandler類。 如果沒有空閑線程并且隊(duì)列溢出，任務(wù)將被拒絕。 此類處理被拒絕的任務(wù)。

package com.otv.handler;import java.util.concurrent.RejectedExecutionHandler; import java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor;import org.apache.log4j.Logger;/*** @author onlinetechvision.com* @since 17 Oct 2011* @version 1.0.0**/ public class TestRejectedExecutionHandler implements RejectedExecutionHandler {private static Logger log = Logger.getLogger(TestRejectedExecutionHandler.class);public void rejectedExecution(Runnable runnable, ThreadPoolExecutor executor) {log.debug(runnable.toString() + " : has been rejected");} }

步驟5：建立ITestThreadPoolExecutorService接口

ITestThreadPoolExecutorService接口已創(chuàng)建。

package com.otv.srv;import java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor;import com.otv.handler.TestRejectedExecutionHandler;/*** @author onlinetechvision.com* @since 17 Oct 2011* @version 1.0.0**/ public interface ITestThreadPoolExecutorService {public ThreadPoolExecutor createNewThreadPool();public int getCorePoolSize();public void setCorePoolSize(int corePoolSize);public int getMaxPoolSize();public void setMaxPoolSize(int maximumPoolSize);public long getKeepAliveTime();public void setKeepAliveTime(long keepAliveTime);public int getQueueCapacity();public void setQueueCapacity(int queueCapacity);public TestRejectedExecutionHandler getTestRejectedExecutionHandler();public void setTestRejectedExecutionHandler(TestRejectedExecutionHandler testRejectedExecutionHandler);}

步驟6：建立TestThreadPoolExecutorService類別

通過實(shí)現(xiàn)ITestThreadPoolExecutorService接口來創(chuàng)建TestThreadPoolExecutorService類。 此類創(chuàng)建一個(gè)新的線程池。

package com.otv.srv;import java.util.concurrent.ArrayBlockingQueue; import java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor; import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;import com.otv.handler.TestRejectedExecutionHandler;/*** @author onlinetechvision.com* @since 17 Oct 2011* @version 1.0.0**/ public class TestThreadPoolExecutorService implements ITestThreadPoolExecutorService {private int corePoolSize;private int maxPoolSize;private long keepAliveTime;private int queueCapacity;TestRejectedExecutionHandler testRejectedExecutionHandler;public ThreadPoolExecutor createNewThreadPool() {ThreadPoolExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolExecutor(getCorePoolSize(),getMaxPoolSize(),getKeepAliveTime(),TimeUnit.SECONDS,new ArrayBlockingQueue(getQueueCapacity()),getTestRejectedExecutionHandler());return executor;}public int getCorePoolSize() {return corePoolSize;}public void setCorePoolSize(int corePoolSize) {this.corePoolSize = corePoolSize;}public int getMaxPoolSize() {return maxPoolSize;}public void setMaxPoolSize(int maxPoolSize) {this.maxPoolSize = maxPoolSize;}public long getKeepAliveTime() {return keepAliveTime;}public void setKeepAliveTime(long keepAliveTime) {this.keepAliveTime = keepAliveTime;}public int getQueueCapacity() {return queueCapacity;}public void setQueueCapacity(int queueCapacity) {this.queueCapacity = queueCapacity;}public TestRejectedExecutionHandler getTestRejectedExecutionHandler() {return testRejectedExecutionHandler;}public void setTestRejectedExecutionHandler(TestRejectedExecutionHandler testRejectedExecutionHandler) {this.testRejectedExecutionHandler = testRejectedExecutionHandler;} }

步驟7：創(chuàng)建IThreadPoolMonitorService接口

IThreadPoolMonitorService接口已創(chuàng)建。

package com.otv.monitor.srv;import java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor;public interface IThreadPoolMonitorService extends Runnable {public void monitorThreadPool();public ThreadPoolExecutor getExecutor();public void setExecutor(ThreadPoolExecutor executor);}

步驟8：創(chuàng)建ThreadPoolMonitorService類

ThreadPoolMonitorService類是通過實(shí)現(xiàn)IThreadPoolMonitorService接口創(chuàng)建的。 此類監(jiān)視創(chuàng)建的線程池。

package com.otv.monitor.srv;import java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor; import org.apache.log4j.Logger;/*** @author onlinetechvision.com* @since 17 Oct 2011* @version 1.0.0**/ public class ThreadPoolMonitorService implements IThreadPoolMonitorService {private static Logger log = Logger.getLogger(ThreadPoolMonitorService.class);ThreadPoolExecutor executor;private long monitoringPeriod; public void run() {try {while (true){monitorThreadPool();Thread.sleep(monitoringPeriod*1000);}} catch (Exception e) {log.error(e.getMessage());}}public void monitorThreadPool() {StringBuffer strBuff = new StringBuffer();strBuff.append("CurrentPoolSize : ").append(executor.getPoolSize());strBuff.append(" - CorePoolSize : ").append(executor.getCorePoolSize());strBuff.append(" - MaximumPoolSize : ").append(executor.getMaximumPoolSize());strBuff.append(" - ActiveTaskCount : ").append(executor.getActiveCount());strBuff.append(" - CompletedTaskCount : ").append(executor.getCompletedTaskCount());strBuff.append(" - TotalTaskCount : ").append(executor.getTaskCount());strBuff.append(" - isTerminated : ").append(executor.isTerminated());log.debug(strBuff.toString());}public ThreadPoolExecutor getExecutor() {return executor;}public void setExecutor(ThreadPoolExecutor executor) {this.executor = executor;} public long getMonitoringPeriod() {return monitoringPeriod;}public void setMonitoringPeriod(long monitoringPeriod) {this.monitoringPeriod = monitoringPeriod;} }

第9步：創(chuàng)建入門類

啟動(dòng)器類已創(chuàng)建。

package com.otv.start;import java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor;import org.apache.log4j.Logger;import com.otv.handler.TestRejectedExecutionHandler; import com.otv.monitor.srv.IThreadPoolMonitorService; import com.otv.monitor.srv.ThreadPoolMonitorService; import com.otv.srv.ITestThreadPoolExecutorService; import com.otv.srv.TestThreadPoolExecutorService; import com.otv.task.TestTask;/*** @author onlinetechvision.com* @since 17 Oct 2011* @version 1.0.0**/ public class Starter {private static Logger log = Logger.getLogger(TestRejectedExecutionHandler.class);IThreadPoolMonitorService threadPoolMonitorService;ITestThreadPoolExecutorService testThreadPoolExecutorService;public void start() {// A new thread pool is created...ThreadPoolExecutor executor = testThreadPoolExecutorService.createNewThreadPool();executor.allowCoreThreadTimeOut(true);// Created executor is set to ThreadPoolMonitorService...threadPoolMonitorService.setExecutor(executor);// ThreadPoolMonitorService is started...Thread monitor = new Thread(threadPoolMonitorService);monitor.start();// New tasks are executed...for(int i=1;i<10;i++) {executor.execute(new TestTask("Task"+i));}try {Thread.sleep(40000);} catch (Exception e) {log.error(e.getMessage());}for(int i=10;i<19;i++) {executor.execute(new TestTask("Task"+i));}// executor is shutdown...executor.shutdown();} public IThreadPoolMonitorService getThreadPoolMonitorService() {return threadPoolMonitorService;}public void setThreadPoolMonitorService(IThreadPoolMonitorService threadPoolMonitorService) {this.threadPoolMonitorService = threadPoolMonitorService;}public ITestThreadPoolExecutorService getTestThreadPoolExecutorService() {return testThreadPoolExecutorService;}public void setTestThreadPoolExecutorService(ITestThreadPoolExecutorService testThreadPoolExecutorService) {this.testThreadPoolExecutorService = testThreadPoolExecutorService;} }

步驟10：創(chuàng)建應(yīng)用程序類

應(yīng)用程序類已創(chuàng)建。 此類運(yùn)行應(yīng)用程序。

package com.otv.start;import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;/*** @author onlinetechvision.com* @since 17 Oct 2011* @version 1.0.0**/ public class Application {public static void main(String[] args) {ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");Starter starter = (Starter) context.getBean("Starter");starter.start();}}

步驟11：創(chuàng)建applicationContext.xml

applicationContext.xml已創(chuàng)建。

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beanshttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd"><!-- Beans Declaration --><bean id="TestTask" class="com.otv.task.TestTask"></bean><bean id="ThreadPoolMonitorService" class="com.otv.monitor.srv.ThreadPoolMonitorService"><property name="monitoringPeriod" value="5" /></bean><bean id="TestRejectedExecutionHandler" class="com.otv.handler.TestRejectedExecutionHandler"></bean><bean id="TestThreadPoolExecutorService" class="com.otv.srv.TestThreadPoolExecutorService"><property name="corePoolSize" value="1" /><property name="maxPoolSize" value="3" /><property name="keepAliveTime" value="10" /><property name="queueCapacity" value="3" /><property name="testRejectedExecutionHandler" ref="TestRejectedExecutionHandler" /></bean><bean id="Starter" class="com.otv.start.Starter"><property name="threadPoolMonitorService" ref="ThreadPoolMonitorService" /><property name="testThreadPoolExecutorService" ref="TestThreadPoolExecutorService" /></bean> </beans>

步驟12：創(chuàng)建線程池的替代方法

Spring提供的ThreadPoolTask??Executor類也可以用于創(chuàng)建線程池。

<bean id="threadPoolTaskExecutor" class="org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor"><property name="corePoolSize" value="1" /><property name="maxPoolSize" value="3" /><property name="queueCapacity" value="3" /> </bean><bean id="testTaskExecutor" class="TestTaskExecutor"><constructor-arg ref="threadPoolTaskExecutor" /> </bean>

步驟13：建立專案

生成OTV_Spring_ThreadPool項(xiàng)目后，將創(chuàng)建OTV_Spring_ThreadPool-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar 。

步驟14：運(yùn)行項(xiàng)目

運(yùn)行創(chuàng)建的OTV_Spring_ThreadPool-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar文件后，將在下面顯示輸出日志：

18.10.2011 20:08:48 DEBUG (TestRejectedExecutionHandler.java:19) - Task7 : has been rejected 18.10.2011 20:08:48 DEBUG (TestRejectedExecutionHandler.java:19) - Task8 : has been rejected 18.10.2011 20:08:48 DEBUG (TestRejectedExecutionHandler.java:19) - Task9 : has been rejected 18.10.2011 20:08:48 DEBUG (TestTask.java:25) - Task1 : is started. 18.10.2011 20:08:48 DEBUG (TestTask.java:25) - Task6 : is started. 18.10.2011 20:08:48 DEBUG (ThreadPoolMonitorService.java:39) - CurrentPoolSize : 3 - CorePoolSize : 1 - MaximumPoolSize : 3 - ActiveTaskCount : 2 - CompletedTaskCount : 0 - TotalTaskCount : 5 - isTerminated : false 18.10.2011 20:08:48 DEBUG (TestTask.java:25) - Task5 : is started. 18.10.2011 20:08:53 DEBUG (ThreadPoolMonitorService.java:39) - CurrentPoolSize : 3 - CorePoolSize : 1 - MaximumPoolSize : 3 - ActiveTaskCount : 3 - CompletedTaskCount : 0 - TotalTaskCount : 6 - isTerminated : false 18.10.2011 20:08:58 DEBUG (TestTask.java:27) - Task6 : is completed. 18.10.2011 20:08:58 DEBUG (TestTask.java:27) - Task1 : is completed. 18.10.2011 20:08:58 DEBUG (TestTask.java:25) - Task3 : is started. 18.10.2011 20:08:58 DEBUG (TestTask.java:25) - Task2 : is started. 18.10.2011 20:08:58 DEBUG (ThreadPoolMonitorService.java:39) - CurrentPoolSize : 3 - CorePoolSize : 1 - MaximumPoolSize : 3 - ActiveTaskCount : 3 - CompletedTaskCount : 2 - TotalTaskCount : 6 - isTerminated : false 18.10.2011 20:08:58 DEBUG (TestTask.java:27) - Task5 : is completed. 18.10.2011 20:08:58 DEBUG (TestTask.java:25) - Task4 : is started. 18.10.2011 20:09:03 DEBUG (ThreadPoolMonitorService.java:39) - CurrentPoolSize : 3 - CorePoolSize : 1 - MaximumPoolSize : 3 - ActiveTaskCount : 3 - CompletedTaskCount : 3 - TotalTaskCount : 6 - isTerminated : false 18.10.2011 20:09:08 DEBUG (TestTask.java:27) - Task2 : is completed. 18.10.2011 20:09:08 DEBUG (TestTask.java:27) - Task3 : is completed. 18.10.2011 20:09:08 DEBUG (TestTask.java:27) - Task4 : is completed. 18.10.2011 20:09:08 DEBUG (ThreadPoolMonitorService.java:39) - CurrentPoolSize : 3 - CorePoolSize : 1 - MaximumPoolSize : 3 - ActiveTaskCount : 0 - CompletedTaskCount : 6 - TotalTaskCount : 6 - isTerminated : false 18.10.2011 20:09:13 DEBUG (ThreadPoolMonitorService.java:39) - CurrentPoolSize : 3 - CorePoolSize : 1 - MaximumPoolSize : 3 - ActiveTaskCount : 0 - CompletedTaskCount : 6 - TotalTaskCount : 6 - isTerminated : false 18.10.2011 20:09:18 DEBUG (ThreadPoolMonitorService.java:39) - CurrentPoolSize : 0 - CorePoolSize : 1 - MaximumPoolSize : 3 - ActiveTaskCount : 0 - CompletedTaskCount : 6 - TotalTaskCount : 6 - isTerminated : false 18.10.2011 20:09:23 DEBUG (ThreadPoolMonitorService.java:39) - CurrentPoolSize : 0 - CorePoolSize : 1 - MaximumPoolSize : 3 - ActiveTaskCount : 0 - CompletedTaskCount : 6 - TotalTaskCount : 6 - isTerminated : false 18.10.2011 20:09:28 DEBUG (TestTask.java:25) - Task10 : is started. 18.10.2011 20:09:28 DEBUG (TestRejectedExecutionHandler.java:19) - Task16 : has been rejected 18.10.2011 20:09:28 DEBUG (TestRejectedExecutionHandler.java:19) - Task17 : has been rejected 18.10.2011 20:09:28 DEBUG (TestRejectedExecutionHandler.java:19) - Task18 : has been rejected 18.10.2011 20:09:28 DEBUG (TestTask.java:25) - Task14 : is started. 18.10.2011 20:09:28 DEBUG (TestTask.java:25) - Task15 : is started. 18.10.2011 20:09:28 DEBUG (ThreadPoolMonitorService.java:39) - CurrentPoolSize : 3 - CorePoolSize : 1 - MaximumPoolSize : 3 - ActiveTaskCount : 3 - CompletedTaskCount : 6 - TotalTaskCount : 12 - isTerminated : false 18.10.2011 20:09:33 DEBUG (ThreadPoolMonitorService.java:39) - CurrentPoolSize : 3 - CorePoolSize : 1 - MaximumPoolSize : 3 - ActiveTaskCount : 3 - CompletedTaskCount : 6 - TotalTaskCount : 12 - isTerminated : false 18.10.2011 20:09:38 DEBUG (TestTask.java:27) - Task10 : is completed. 18.10.2011 20:09:38 DEBUG (TestTask.java:25) - Task11 : is started. 18.10.2011 20:09:38 DEBUG (TestTask.java:27) - Task14 : is completed. 18.10.2011 20:09:38 DEBUG (TestTask.java:27) - Task15 : is completed. 18.10.2011 20:09:38 DEBUG (TestTask.java:25) - Task12 : is started. 18.10.2011 20:09:38 DEBUG (TestTask.java:25) - Task13 : is started. 18.10.2011 20:09:38 DEBUG (ThreadPoolMonitorService.java:39) - CurrentPoolSize : 3 - CorePoolSize : 1 - MaximumPoolSize : 3 - ActiveTaskCount : 3 - CompletedTaskCount : 9 - TotalTaskCount : 12 - isTerminated : false 18.10.2011 20:09:43 DEBUG (ThreadPoolMonitorService.java:39) - CurrentPoolSize : 3 - CorePoolSize : 1 - MaximumPoolSize : 3 - ActiveTaskCount : 3 - CompletedTaskCount : 9 - TotalTaskCount : 12 - isTerminated : false 18.10.2011 20:09:48 DEBUG (TestTask.java:27) - Task11 : is completed. 18.10.2011 20:09:48 DEBUG (TestTask.java:27) - Task13 : is completed. 18.10.2011 20:09:48 DEBUG (TestTask.java:27) - Task12 : is completed. 18.10.2011 20:09:48 DEBUG (ThreadPoolMonitorService.java:39) - CurrentPoolSize : 0 - CorePoolSize : 1 - MaximumPoolSize : 3 - ActiveTaskCount : 0 - CompletedTaskCount : 12 - TotalTaskCount : 12 - isTerminated : true 18.10.2011 20:09:53 DEBUG (ThreadPoolMonitorService.java:39) - CurrentPoolSize : 0 - CorePoolSize : 1 - MaximumPoolSize : 3 - ActiveTaskCount : 0 - CompletedTaskCount : 12 - TotalTaskCount : 12 - isTerminated : true

步驟15：下載

OTV_Spring_ThreadPool

參考： 如何使用我們JCG合作伙伴提供的 Spring開發(fā)和監(jiān)視線程池服務(wù) ? 在線技術(shù)愿景博客上的Eren Avsarogullari。

翻譯自: https://www.javacodegeeks.com/2012/02/spring-thread-pool-services.html

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