最近在我的一個(gè)項(xiàng)目中，我遇到一種情況，需要為該應(yīng)用程序創(chuàng)建集成測(cè)試。 這不是很奇怪，不是嗎？ 有趣的是，該應(yīng)用程序的邏輯涉及一些并發(fā)問題，并且其中一個(gè)組件必須連接到外部服務(wù)，這將花費(fèi)幾秒鐘的事實(shí)。 由于在集成測(cè)試中不需要進(jìn)行實(shí)際的連接，因此需要對(duì)組件進(jìn)行模擬。 模擬耗時(shí)的動(dòng)作呢？ 好吧，讓我們來看看我的做法…

任務(wù)。

package pl.grzejszczak.marcin;import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;/*** Service that does some things including processing of the external service* * @author marcin* */ public class SomeTask implements Runnable {private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SomeTask.class);// Service is injected via a dependency injection systemprivate Processable timeConsumingExternalService;private void methodThatConnectsToExternalServices() {// connects to an external service and spends a couple of seconds thereLOGGER.debug("Before processing");timeConsumingExternalService.process();LOGGER.debug("After processing");// some other things to do}public void run() {methodThatConnectsToExternalServices();}public void setTimeConsumingExternalService(Processable timeConsumingExternalService) {this.timeConsumingExternalService = timeConsumingExternalService;}}

集成測(cè)試。

package pl.grzejszczak.marcin;import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService; import java.util.concurrent.Executors;import org.mockito.Mockito; import org.mockito.invocation.InvocationOnMock; import org.mockito.stubbing.Answer; import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;public class ServiceIntegrationTest {private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ServiceIntegrationTest.class);private ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();private Processable timeConsumingExternalServiceMock = Mockito.mock(Processable.class);private SomeTask someTask = new SomeTask();public ServiceIntegrationTest() {initializeMocks();}private void initializeMocks() {Mockito.doAnswer(new Answer<Object>() {public Object answer(InvocationOnMock invocation) throws Throwable {// Simulation of connection to external servicesLOGGER.debug("Sleeping");Thread.sleep(5000);LOGGER.debug("Stopped Sleeping");return null;}}).when(timeConsumingExternalServiceMock).process();// Inject the mock to the Task - in any possible waysomeTask.setTimeConsumingExternalService(timeConsumingExternalServiceMock);}public void executeTest() {executorService.execute(someTask);}public static void main(String args[]) {ServiceIntegrationTest integrationTest = new ServiceIntegrationTest();integrationTest.executeTest();} }

并輸出到控制臺(tái)：

2012-10-07 22:42:37,378 DEBUG pl.grzejszczak.marcin.SomeTask:21 Before processing2012-10-07 22:42:37,389 DEBUG pl.grzejszczak.marcin.ServiceIntegrationTest:28 Sleeping2012-10-07 22:42:42,390 DEBUG pl.grzejszczak.marcin.ServiceIntegrationTest:30 Stopped Sleeping2012-10-07 22:42:42,392 DEBUG pl.grzejszczak.marcin.SomeTask:23 After processing

讓我們仔細(xì)看看其中最重要的部分，在其中創(chuàng)建用于執(zhí)行服務(wù)的答案

Mockito.doAnswer(new Answer<Object>() {public Object answer(InvocationOnMock invocation) throws Throwable {// Simulation of connection to external servicesLOGGER.debug("Sleeping");Thread.sleep(5000);LOGGER.debug("Stopped Sleeping");return null;}}).when(timeConsumingExternalServiceMock).process();

這段代碼更改了給定對(duì)象在給定方法執(zhí)行時(shí)應(yīng)執(zhí)行的默認(rèn)操作。 在這種特殊情況下，我們必須模擬一個(gè)返回void的方法-這就是為什么我們從doAnswer（...）開始并以when（...）。process（）結(jié)尾。 這就是我在集成測(cè)試中設(shè)法創(chuàng)建一個(gè)模擬等待服務(wù)完成的方式。 如果您有其他想法或意見，請(qǐng)隨時(shí)在下面發(fā)表評(píng)論

參考：來自我們的JCG合作伙伴 Marcin Grzejszczak（位于Blog上）的 集成測(cè)試中耗時(shí)行為的模擬， 用于編碼成癮者博客。

翻譯自: https://www.javacodegeeks.com/2013/04/simulation-of-time-consuming-actions-in-integration-tests.html

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