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Spring –添加Spring MVC –第2部分
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Spring –添加Spring MVC –第2部分
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在上一部分中，我們?yōu)榻?jīng)理和員工實(shí)現(xiàn)了控制器。 既然我們知道了自己的出路，我們將做很少（但僅做很少）更復(fù)雜的事情-任務(wù)和時(shí)間表的控制器。
因此，讓我們從org.timesheet.web開始。 TaskController 。 首先創(chuàng)建一個(gè)類，這次我們將訪問更豐富的域，因此我們需要為任務(wù)，員工和經(jīng)理自動(dòng)連接三個(gè)DAOS。
@Controller @RequestMapping('/tasks') public class TaskController {private TaskDao taskDao;private EmployeeDao employeeDao;private ManagerDao managerDao;@Autowiredpublic void setTaskDao(TaskDao taskDao) {this.taskDao = taskDao;}@Autowiredpublic void setEmployeeDao(EmployeeDao employeeDao) {this.employeeDao = employeeDao;}@Autowiredpublic void setManagerDao(ManagerDao managerDao) {this.managerDao = managerDao;}public EmployeeDao getEmployeeDao() {return employeeDao;}public TaskDao getTaskDao() {return taskDao;}public ManagerDao getManagerDao() {return managerDao;} }讓我們處理/ tasks上的GET請(qǐng)求：
/*** Retrieves tasks, puts them in the model and returns corresponding view* @param model Model to put tasks to* @return tasks/list*/@RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET)public String showTasks(Model model) {model.addAttribute('tasks', taskDao.list());return 'tasks/list';}我們將把JSP放在任務(wù)子文件夾中。 首先是用于顯示所有任務(wù)的list.jsp。 它不僅遍歷所有任務(wù)，而且在每個(gè)任務(wù)上遍歷員工：
<%@ page contentType='text/html;charset=UTF-8' language='java' %> <%@ taglib prefix='fmt' uri='http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/fmt' %> <%@ taglib prefix='spring' uri='http://www.springframework.org/tags' %> <%@ taglib prefix='c' uri='http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core'%> <%@ taglib prefix='sf' uri='http://www.springframework.org/tags/form'%><!-- resolve variables --> <%--@elvariable id='tasks' type='java.util.List<org.timesheet.domain.Task>'--%><html> <head><title>Tasks</title><link rel='stylesheet' href='/timesheet-app/resources/style.css' type='text/css'> </head> <body><h1>List of tasks</h1><a href='tasks?new'>Add new task</a><table cellspacing='5' class='main-table wide'><tr><th style='width: 35%;'>Description</th><th>Manager</th><th>Employees</th><th>Completed</th><th style='width: 20%;'>Details</th><th>Delete</th></tr><c:forEach items='${tasks}' var='task'><tr><td>${task.description}</td><td><a href='managers/${task.manager.id}'>${task.manager.name}</a></td><td><c:forEach items='${task.assignedEmployees}' var='emp'><a href='employees/${emp.id}'>${emp.name}</a></c:forEach></td><td><div class='delete'><c:choose><c:when test='${task.completed}'>Done</c:when><c:when test='${!task.completed}'>In progress</c:when></c:choose></div></td><td><a href='tasks/${task.id}'>Go to page</a></td><td><sf:form action='tasks/${task.id}' method='delete' cssClass='delete'><input type='submit' value='' class='delete-button' /></sf:form></td></tr></c:forEach></table><br /><a href='welcome'>Go back</a> </body> </html>照常刪除任務(wù)：
/*** Deletes task with specified ID* @param id Task's ID* @return redirects to tasks if everything was ok* @throws TaskDeleteException When task cannot be deleted*/@RequestMapping(value = '/{id}', method = RequestMethod.DELETE)public String deleteTask(@PathVariable('id') long id) throws TaskDeleteException {Task toDelete = taskDao.find(id);boolean wasDeleted = taskDao.removeTask(toDelete);if (!wasDeleted) {throw new TaskDeleteException(toDelete);}// everything OK, see remaining tasksreturn 'redirect:/tasks';}TaskDeleteException：
package org.timesheet.web.exceptions;import org.timesheet.domain.Task;/*** When task cannot be deleted.*/ public class TaskDeleteException extends Exception {private Task task;public TaskDeleteException(Task task) {this.task = task;}public Task getTask() {return task;} }處理此異常的方法：
/*** Handles TaskDeleteException* @param e Thrown exception with task that couldn't be deleted* @return binds task to model and returns tasks/delete-error*/@ExceptionHandler(TaskDeleteException.class)public ModelAndView handleDeleteException(TaskDeleteException e) {ModelMap model = new ModelMap();model.put('task', e.getTask());return new ModelAndView('tasks/delete-error', model);}JSP頁面jsp / tasks / delete-error.jsp用于顯示刪除錯(cuò)誤：
<%--@elvariable id='task' type='org.timesheet.domain.Task'--%><html> <head><title>Cannot delete task</title> </head> <body>Oops! Resource <a href='${task.id}'>${task.description}</a> can not be deleted.<p>Make sure there are no timesheets assigned on task.</p><br /><br /><br /><a href='../welcome'>Back to main page.</a> </body> </html>顯示任務(wù)的詳細(xì)信息將通過URI / tasks / {id}訪問。 我們將同時(shí)在模型中添加任務(wù)和可以添加到任務(wù)中的未分配員工。 它將像這樣處理：
/*** Returns task with specified ID* @param id Tasks's ID* @param model Model to put task to* @return tasks/view*/@RequestMapping(value = '/{id}', method = RequestMethod.GET)public String getTask(@PathVariable('id') long id, Model model) {Task task = taskDao.find(id);model.addAttribute('task', task);// add all remaining employeesList<Employee> employees = employeeDao.list();Set<Employee> unassignedEmployees = new HashSet<Employee>();for (Employee employee : employees) {if (!task.getAssignedEmployees().contains(employee)) {unassignedEmployees.add(employee);}}model.addAttribute('unassigned', unassignedEmployees);return 'tasks/view';} 現(xiàn)在，事情有些復(fù)雜了。 我們想顯示任務(wù)的用戶詳細(xì)信息頁面。 在此任務(wù)上，我們要添加/刪除分配給它的員工。
首先，讓我們考慮一下URL。 任務(wù)已分配了員工，因此用于訪問任務(wù)中員工的URL將如下所示：
/ tasks / {id} / employees / {employeeId} 要?jiǎng)h除員工，我們只需使用DELETE方法訪問此資源，因此讓我們向控制器添加方法：
在視圖頁面上（我們稍后會(huì)看到），我們將簡(jiǎn)單地使用jQuery更改DOM模型，并從列表中刪除分配的員工。
讓我們假裝什么都不會(huì)出錯(cuò)（我們有NO_CONTENT響應(yīng)），因此員工將總是成功地從數(shù)據(jù)庫中刪除。 因此，我們可以簡(jiǎn)單地更改DOM模型。
對(duì)于添加員工，我們將有未分配員工的選擇列表（或組合框）。 刪除員工后，我們會(huì)將其添加到可用員工的選擇中（他再次可用）。 添加員工后，我們將使用DAO更改Task并將其重定向回同一任務(wù)（所有內(nèi)容都會(huì)更新）。 這是將員工分配給任務(wù)的代碼：
/*** Assigns employee to tak* @param taskId Task's ID* @param employeeId Employee's ID (to assign)* @return redirects back to altered task: tasks/taskId*/@RequestMapping(value = '/{id}/employees/{employeeId}', method = RequestMethod.PUT)public String addEmployee(@PathVariable('id') long taskId,@PathVariable('employeeId') long employeeId) {Employee employee = employeeDao.find(employeeId);Task task = taskDao.find(taskId);task.addEmployee(employee);taskDao.update(task);return 'redirect:/tasks/' + taskId;}最后，使用task / view.jsp了解Task的詳細(xì)信息。 正如我提到的那樣，有很多DOM更改，因此此代碼似乎比平時(shí)更難。
<%@ page contentType='text/html;charset=UTF-8' language='java' %> <%@ taglib prefix='sf' uri='http://www.springframework.org/tags/form'%> <%@ taglib prefix='c' uri='http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core'%><%--@elvariable id='task' type='org.timesheet.domain.Task'--%> <%--@elvariable id='unassigned' type='java.util.List<org.timesheet.domain.Employee>'--%><html> <head><title>Task page</title><link rel='stylesheet' href='/timesheet-app/resources/style.css' type='text/css'> </head> <body><h2>Task info</h2><div id='list'><ul><li><label for='description'>Description:</label><input name='description' id='description' value='${task.description}'disabled='${task.completed ? 'disabled' : ''}' /></li><li><label for='manager'>Manager:</label><input name='manager' id='manager' value='${task.manager.name}'disabled='true' /></li><li><label for='employees'>Employees:</label><table id='employees' class='task-table'><c:forEach items='${task.assignedEmployees}' var='emp'><tr><sf:form action='${task.id}/employees/${emp.id}' method='delete'><td><a href='../employees/${emp.id}' id='href-${emp.id}'>${emp.name}</a></td><td><input type='submit' value='Remove' id='remove-${emp.id}' /><script src='/timesheet-app/resources/jquery-1.7.1.js'></script><script type='text/javascript'>$('#remove-${emp.id}').on('click', function() {$('#remove-${emp.id}').addClass('hidden');$('#href-${emp.id}').remove();// add to list of unassignedvar opt = document.createElement('option');opt.setAttribute('value', '${emp.id}');opt.textContent = '${emp.name}';$('#selected-emp').append(opt);});</script></td></sf:form></tr></c:forEach></table></li><li><label for='unassigned'>Unassgined:</label><table id='unassigned' class='task-table'><tr><sf:form method='put' id='add-form'><td><select id='selected-emp'><c:forEach items='${unassigned}' var='uemp'><option value='${uemp.id}'>${uemp.name}</option></c:forEach></select></td><td><input type='submit' value='Add' id='add-employee' /><script src='/timesheet-app/resources/jquery-1.7.1.js'></script><script type='text/javascript'>$('#add-employee').on('click', function() {$('#selected-emp').selected().remove();});</script></td></sf:form></tr></table></li></ul></div><br /><br /><a href='../tasks'>Go Back</a><script src='/timesheet-app/resources/jquery-1.7.1.js'></script><script type='text/javascript'>(function() {// prepare default form actionsetAddAction();// handler for changing action$('#selected-emp').on('change', function() {setAddAction();});function setAddAction() {var id = $('#selected-emp').val();$('#add-form').attr('action', '${task.id}/employees/' + id);}})();</script> </body> </html>從代碼中可以看到，我們?cè)俅蝺H使用HTML + JavaScript。 唯一特定于JSP的是將數(shù)據(jù)從模型帶到頁面。
OK，現(xiàn)在我們必須能夠創(chuàng)建新的Task。 讓我們準(zhǔn)備用于提供表單的控制器，以添加將從/ tasks？new訪問的任務(wù)：
/*** Creates form for new task.* @param model Model to bind to HTML form* @return tasks/new*/@RequestMapping(params = 'new', method = RequestMethod.GET)public String createTaskForm(Model model) {model.addAttribute('task', new Task());// list of managers to choose fromList<Manager> managers = managerDao.list();model.addAttribute('managers', managers);return 'tasks/new';} 任務(wù)包括名稱，經(jīng)理和分配的員工。 在本教程的范圍內(nèi)，我決定不實(shí)施最后一個(gè)。 我們只會(huì)產(chǎn)生一些員工。 如果您希望能夠從某種選擇列表中挑選員工并將他們分配給任務(wù)，那么請(qǐng)注意，這應(yīng)該異步進(jìn)行。 為此，您可以將特殊方法映射到控制器，并使用$ .post與jQuery進(jìn)行AJAX發(fā)布。 我認(rèn)為對(duì)于本教程來說，這太少了，但是如果您對(duì)如何在Spring中使用AJAX感興趣，請(qǐng)查看有關(guān)Spring 3中的ajax簡(jiǎn)化的博客文章 。
在創(chuàng)建員工和經(jīng)理時(shí)，我們僅將原始類型用于屬性。 現(xiàn)在，我們想為任務(wù)分配實(shí)際的Manager實(shí)例。 因此，我們必須告訴Spring如何將選擇列表（經(jīng)理的ID）中的值轉(zhuǎn)換為實(shí)際實(shí)例。 為此，我們將使用自定義的PropertyEditorSupport工具。 添加新的org.timesheet.web.editors包，創(chuàng)建新類ManagerEditor與下面的代碼：
ManagerEditor將在其構(gòu)造函數(shù)中傳遞DAO。 它將通過ID查找實(shí)際的管理員，并調(diào)用父級(jí)的setValue。
Spring現(xiàn)在應(yīng)該知道有這樣一個(gè)編輯器，因此我們必須在控制器中注冊(cè)它。 我們只需要將WebDataBinder作為參數(shù)的方法，并需要使用@InitBinder注釋對(duì)其進(jìn)行注釋，如下所示：
就是這樣，Spring現(xiàn)在知道如何直接從表單將經(jīng)理分配給我們的任務(wù)。
最后保存任務(wù)的代碼。 如前所述，在保存之前，我們將招募一些員工來執(zhí)行任務(wù)：
/*** Saves new task to the database* @param task Task to save* @return redirects to tasks*/@RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.POST)public String addTask(Task task) {// generate employeesList<Employee> employees = reduce(employeeDao.list());task.setAssignedEmployees(employees);taskDao.add(task);return 'redirect:/tasks';}有reduce方法，這是減少內(nèi)存中員工的簡(jiǎn)單輔助方法。 這并不是十分有效，我們可以使用更復(fù)雜的查詢來做到這一點(diǎn)，但現(xiàn)在就可以了。 如果需要，也可以隨意滾動(dòng)自己的歸約邏輯：
/*** Reduces list of employees to some smaller amount.* Simulates user interaction.* @param employees Employees to reduced* @return New list of some employees from original employees list*/private List<Employee> reduce(List<Employee> employees) {List<Employee> reduced = new ArrayList<Employee>();Random random = new Random();int amount = random.nextInt(employees.size()) + 1;// max. five employeesamount = amount > 5 ? 5 : amount;for (int i = 0; i < amount; i++) {int randomIdx = random.nextInt(employees.size());Employee employee = employees.get(randomIdx);reduced.add(employee);employees.remove(employee);}return reduced;}現(xiàn)在讓我們看一下task / new.jsp頁面：
<%@ page contentType='text/html;charset=UTF-8' language='java' %> <%@ taglib prefix='sf' uri='http://www.springframework.org/tags/form'%> <%@ taglib prefix='c' uri='http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core'%><%--@elvariable id='task' type='org.timesheet.domain.Task'--%> <%--@elvariable id='managers' type='java.util.List<org.timesheet.domain.Manager'--%><html> <head><title>Add new task</title><link rel='stylesheet' href='/timesheet-app/resources/style.css' type='text/css'> </head> <body><h2>Add new Task</h2><div id='list'><sf:form method='post' action='tasks' commandName='task'><ul><li><label for='description'>Description:</label><input name='description' id='description' value='${task.description}' /></li><li><label for='manager-select'>Manager:</label><sf:select path='manager' id='manager-select'><sf:options items='${managers}' itemLabel='name' itemValue='id' /></sf:select></li><li>Employees will be generated ...</li><li><input type='submit' value='Save'></li></ul></sf:form></div><br /><br /><a href='tasks'>Go Back</a></body> </html>當(dāng)然要測(cè)試控制器：
package org.timesheet.web;import org.junit.After; import org.junit.Before; import org.junit.Test; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration; import org.springframework.ui.ExtendedModelMap; import org.springframework.ui.Model; import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView; import org.timesheet.DomainAwareBase; import org.timesheet.domain.Employee; import org.timesheet.domain.Manager; import org.timesheet.domain.Task; import org.timesheet.service.dao.EmployeeDao; import org.timesheet.service.dao.ManagerDao; import org.timesheet.service.dao.TaskDao; import org.timesheet.web.exceptions.TaskDeleteException;import java.util.Collection; import java.util.List;import static org.junit.Assert.*; import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock; import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;@ContextConfiguration(locations = {'/persistence-beans.xml', '/controllers.xml'}) public class TaskControllerTest extends DomainAwareBase {private Model model; // used for controller@Autowiredprivate TaskDao taskDao;@Autowiredprivate ManagerDao managerDao;@Autowiredprivate EmployeeDao employeeDao;@Autowiredprivate TaskController controller;@Beforepublic void setUp() {model = new ExtendedModelMap(); }@Afterpublic void cleanUp() {List<Task> tasks = taskDao.list();for (Task task : tasks) {taskDao.remove(task);}}@Testpublic void testShowTasks() {// prepare some dataTask task = sampleTask();// use controllerString view = controller.showTasks(model);assertEquals('tasks/list', view);List<Task> listFromDao = taskDao.list();Collection<?> listFromModel = (Collection<?>) model.asMap ().get('tasks');assertTrue(listFromModel.contains(task));assertTrue(listFromDao.containsAll(listFromModel));}@Testpublic void testDeleteTaskOk() throws TaskDeleteException {Task task = sampleTask();long id = task.getId();// delete & assertString view = controller.deleteTask(id);assertEquals('redirect:/tasks', view);assertNull(taskDao.find(id));}@Test(expected = TaskDeleteException.class)public void testDeleteTaskThrowsException() throws TaskDeleteException {Task task = sampleTask();long id = task.getId();// mock DAO for this callTaskDao mockedDao = mock(TaskDao.class);when(mockedDao.removeTask(task)).thenReturn(false);TaskDao originalDao = controller.getTaskDao();try {// delete & expect exceptioncontroller.setTaskDao(mockedDao);controller.deleteTask(id);} finally {controller.setTaskDao(originalDao);}}@Testpublic void testHandleDeleteException() {Task task = sampleTask();TaskDeleteException e = new TaskDeleteException(task);ModelAndView modelAndView = controller.handleDeleteException(e);assertEquals('tasks/delete-error', modelAndView.getViewName());assertTrue(modelAndView.getModelMap().containsValue(task));}@Testpublic void testGetTask() {Task task = sampleTask();long id = task.getId();// get & assertString view = controller.getTask(id, model);assertEquals('tasks/view', view);assertEquals(task, model.asMap().get('task'));}@Testpublic void testRemoveEmployee() {Task task = sampleTask();long id = task.getAssignedEmployees().get(0).getId();controller.removeEmployee(task.getId(), id);// task was updated inside controller in other transaction -> refreshtask = taskDao.find(task.getId());// get employee & assertEmployee employee = employeeDao.find(id);assertFalse(task.getAssignedEmployees().contains(employee));}@Testpublic void testAddEmployee() {Task task = sampleTask();Employee cassidy = new Employee('Butch Cassidy', 'Cowboys');employeeDao.add(cassidy);controller.addEmployee(task.getId(), cassidy.getId());// task was updated inside controller in other transaction -> refreshtask = taskDao.find(task.getId());// get employee & assertEmployee employee = employeeDao.find(cassidy.getId());assertTrue(task.getAssignedEmployees().contains(employee));}@Testpublic void testAddTask() {Task task = sampleTask();// save via controllerString view = controller.addTask(task);assertEquals('redirect:/tasks', view);// task is in DBassertEquals(task, taskDao.find(task.getId()));}private Task sampleTask() {Manager manager = new Manager('Jesse James');managerDao.add(manager);Employee terrence = new Employee('Terrence', 'Cowboys');Employee kid = new Employee('Sundance Kid', 'Cowboys');employeeDao.add(terrence);employeeDao.add(kid);Task task = new Task('Wild West', manager, terrence, kid);taskDao.add(task);return task;} }任務(wù)就是這樣。 現(xiàn)在讓我們?yōu)闀r(shí)間表創(chuàng)建控制器。 為我們需要的控制器和自動(dòng)接線的DAO添加基本樣板：
@Controller @RequestMapping('/timesheets') public class TimesheetController {private TimesheetDao timesheetDao;private TaskDao taskDao;private EmployeeDao employeeDao;@Autowiredpublic void setTimesheetDao(TimesheetDao timesheetDao) {this.timesheetDao = timesheetDao;}@Autowiredpublic void setTaskDao(TaskDao taskDao) {this.taskDao = taskDao;}@Autowiredpublic void setEmployeeDao(EmployeeDao employeeDao) {this.employeeDao = employeeDao;}public TimesheetDao getTimesheetDao() {return timesheetDao;}public TaskDao getTaskDao() {return taskDao;}public EmployeeDao getEmployeeDao() {return employeeDao;} }在時(shí)間表上處理GET請(qǐng)求的方法：
/*** Retrieves timesheets, puts them in the model and returns corresponding view* @param model Model to put timesheets to* @return timesheets/list*/@RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET)public String showTimesheets(Model model) {List<Timesheet> timesheets = timesheetDao.list();model.addAttribute('timesheets', timesheets);return 'timesheets/list';}JSP將放置在時(shí)間表子文件夾中。 添加list.jsp頁面，該頁面基本上將遍歷Timesheet的屬性并滾動(dòng)刪除表單：
<%@ page contentType='text/html;charset=UTF-8' language='java' %> <%@ taglib prefix='fmt' uri='http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/fmt' %> <%@ taglib prefix='spring' uri='http://www.springframework.org/tags' %> <%@ taglib prefix='c' uri='http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core'%> <%@ taglib prefix='sf' uri='http://www.springframework.org/tags/form'%><!-- resolve variables --> <%--@elvariable id='timesheets' type='java.util.List<org.timesheet.domain.Timesheet>'--%><html> <head><title>Timesheets</title><link rel='stylesheet' href='/timesheet-app/resources/style.css' type='text/css'> </head> <body><h1>List of timesheets</h1><a href='timesheets?new'>Add new timesheet</a><table cellspacing='5' class='main-table wide'><tr><th style='width: 30%'>Employee</th><th style='width: 50%'>Task</th><th>Hours</th><th>Details</th><th>Delete</th></tr><c:forEach items='${timesheets}' var='ts'><tr><td><a href='employees/${ts.who.id}'>${ts.who.name}</a></td><td><a href='tasks/${ts.task.id}'>${ts.task.description}</a></td><td>${ts.hours}</td><td><a href='timesheets/${ts.id}'>Go to page</a></td><td><sf:form action='timesheets/${ts.id}' method='delete' cssClass='delete'><input type='submit' class='delete-button'></sf:form></td></tr></c:forEach></table><br /><a href='welcome'>Go back</a> </body> </html>刪除時(shí)間表比刪除任務(wù)更容易，因?yàn)槲覀儾粫?huì)破壞數(shù)據(jù)庫中的任何約束，因此我們可以在DAO上使用默認(rèn)的remove方法：
/*** Deletes timeshet with specified ID* @param id Timesheet's ID* @return redirects to timesheets*/@RequestMapping(value = '/{id}', method = RequestMethod.DELETE)public String deleteTimesheet(@PathVariable('id') long id) {Timesheet toDelete = timesheetDao.find(id);timesheetDao.remove(toDelete);return 'redirect:/timesheets';}我們將照常通過將其ID添加到URI來訪問單個(gè)時(shí)間表資源，因此我們將處理/ timesheets / {id}。 但是有分配給時(shí)間表的對(duì)象-任務(wù)實(shí)例和員工實(shí)例。 我們不希望表單將其無效。 因此，我們將為表單引入輕量級(jí)的命令支持對(duì)象。 我們將只更新小時(shí)，然后在實(shí)際的時(shí)間表實(shí)例中設(shè)置這些新小時(shí)：
/*** Returns timesheet with specified ID* @param id Timesheet's ID* @param model Model to put timesheet to* @return timesheets/view*/@RequestMapping(value = '/{id}', method = RequestMethod.GET)public String getTimesheet(@PathVariable('id') long id, Model model) {Timesheet timesheet = timesheetDao.find(id);TimesheetCommand tsCommand = new TimesheetCommand(timesheet);model.addAttribute('tsCommand', tsCommand);return 'timesheets/view';}這是TimesheetCommand的代碼，現(xiàn)在位于新包org.timesheet.web下。 命令 ：
package org.timesheet.web.commands;import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.Range; import org.timesheet.domain.Timesheet;import javax.validation.constraints.NotNull;public class TimesheetCommand {@NotNull@Range(min = 1, message = 'Hours must be 1 or greater')private Integer hours;private Timesheet timesheet;// default c-tor for bean instantiationpublic TimesheetCommand() {}public TimesheetCommand(Timesheet timesheet) {hours = timesheet.getHours();this.timesheet = timesheet;}public Integer getHours() {return hours;}public void setHours(Integer hours) {this.hours = hours;}public Timesheet getTimesheet() {return timesheet;}public void setTimesheet(Timesheet timesheet) {this.timesheet = timesheet;}@Overridepublic boolean equals(Object o) {if (this == o) {return true;}if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) {return false;}TimesheetCommand that = (TimesheetCommand) o;if (hours != null ? !hours.equals(that.hours) : that.hours != null) {return false;}if (timesheet != null ? !timesheet.equals(that.timesheet) : that.timesheet != null) {return false;}return true;}@Overridepublic int hashCode() {int result = hours != null ? hours.hashCode() : 0;result = 31 * result + (timesheet != null ? timesheet.hashCode() : 0);return result;} }很簡(jiǎn)單，但是@NotNull和@Range注釋是什么？ 好吧，我們絕對(duì)不希望用戶輸入小時(shí)數(shù)為負(fù)數(shù)或零，因此我們將使用此簡(jiǎn)潔的JSR 303 Bean驗(yàn)證API。 要使其工作，只需將對(duì)Hibernate驗(yàn)證器的依賴項(xiàng)添加到pom.xml中 ：
<dependency><groupId>org.hibernate</groupId><artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId><version>4.2.0.Final</version></dependency>將Hibernate Validator放入我們的類路徑后，將自動(dòng)選擇默認(rèn)的驗(yàn)證器。 為了使其工作，我們必須啟用注釋驅(qū)動(dòng)的MVC，因此將以下行添加到timesheet-servlet.xml bean配置文件中：
<mvc:annotation-driven />我們將在幾行后看到有效模型的用法。
現(xiàn)在，在時(shí)間表文件夾下，我們將創(chuàng)建view.jsp頁面，其中包含有關(guān)單個(gè)時(shí)間表的信息：
<%@ page contentType='text/html;charset=UTF-8' language='java' %> <%@ taglib prefix='sf' uri='http://www.springframework.org/tags/form'%> <%@ taglib prefix='c' uri='http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core'%><%--@elvariable id='tsCommand' type='org.timesheet.web.commands.TimesheetCommand'--%><html> <head><title>Timesheet page</title><link rel='stylesheet' href='/timesheet-app/resources/style.css' type='text/css'> </head> <body><h2>Timesheet info</h2><div id='list'><sf:form method='post' modelAttribute='tsCommand'><sf:errors path='*' cssClass='errors' element='div' /><ul><li><label for='employeeName'>Assigned employee:</label><a id='employee' href='../employees/${tsCommand.timesheet.who.id}'>${tsCommand.timesheet.who.name}</a></li><li><label for='task'>Task:</label><a id='task' href='../tasks/${tsCommand.timesheet.task.id}'>${tsCommand.timesheet.task.description}</a></li><li><label for='hours'>Hours:</label><input name='hours' id='hours' value='${tsCommand.hours}' /></li><li><input type='submit' value='Save' /></li></ul></sf:form></div><br /><br /><a href='../timesheets'>Go Back</a> </body> </html>在此視圖頁面中，我們具有提交按鈕，該按鈕將觸發(fā)/ timesheets / {id}上的POST請(qǐng)求并傳遞更新的模型（該模型中的TimesheetCommand實(shí)例）。 因此，讓我們處理一下。 我們將使用@Valid批注，它是JSR 303 Bean驗(yàn)證API的一部分，用于標(biāo)記要驗(yàn)證的對(duì)象。 另請(qǐng)注意，必須使用@ModelAttribute批注對(duì)TimesheetCommand進(jìn)行批注，因?yàn)榇嗣钜呀壎ǖ絎eb視圖。 驗(yàn)證錯(cuò)誤存儲(chǔ)在BindingResult對(duì)象中：
/*** Updates timesheet with given ID* @param id ID of timesheet to lookup from DB* @param tsCommand Lightweight command object with changed hours* @return redirects to timesheets*/@RequestMapping(value = '/{id}', method = RequestMethod.POST)public String updateTimesheet(@PathVariable('id') long id,@Valid @ModelAttribute('tsCommand') TimesheetCommand tsCommand,BindingResult result) {Timesheet timesheet = timesheetDao.find(id);if (result.hasErrors()) {tsCommand.setTimesheet(timesheet);return 'timesheets/view';}// no errors, update timesheettimesheet.setHours(tsCommand.getHours());timesheetDao.update(timesheet);return 'redirect:/timesheets';}要進(jìn)行添加，我們必須從現(xiàn)有任務(wù)和員工的選擇菜單中進(jìn)行選擇，因此在提供新表單時(shí)，我們將傳遞這些列表：
/*** Creates form for new timesheet* @param model Model to bind to HTML form* @return timesheets/new*/@RequestMapping(params = 'new', method = RequestMethod.GET)public String createTimesheetForm(Model model) {model.addAttribute('timesheet', new Timesheet());model.addAttribute('tasks', taskDao.list());model.addAttribute('employees', employeeDao.list());return 'timesheets/new';}為了顯示員工和任務(wù)的選擇列表，我們?cè)俅涡枰獮槠鋭?chuàng)建編輯器。 我們之前已經(jīng)看到了這種方法，因此像以前一樣，我們向我們的項(xiàng)目中添加2個(gè)使用相應(yīng)DAO的新編輯器：
package org.timesheet.web.editors;import org.timesheet.domain.Employee; import org.timesheet.service.dao.EmployeeDao;import java.beans.PropertyEditorSupport;/*** Will convert ID from combobox to employee's instance.*/ public class EmployeeEditor extends PropertyEditorSupport {private EmployeeDao employeeDao;public EmployeeEditor(EmployeeDao employeeDao) {this.employeeDao = employeeDao;}@Overridepublic void setAsText(String text) throws IllegalArgumentException {long id = Long.parseLong(text);Employee employee = employeeDao.find(id);setValue(employee);} }package org.timesheet.web.editors;import org.timesheet.domain.Task; import org.timesheet.service.dao.TaskDao;import java.beans.PropertyEditorSupport;public class TaskEditor extends PropertyEditorSupport {private TaskDao taskDao;public TaskEditor(TaskDao taskDao) {this.taskDao = taskDao;}@Overridepublic void setAsText(String text) throws IllegalArgumentException {long id = Long.parseLong(text);Task task = taskDao.find(id);setValue(task);} }我們將在TimesheetController initBinder方法中注冊(cè)這些編輯器：
@InitBinderprotected void initBinder(WebDataBinder binder) {binder.registerCustomEditor(Employee.class, new EmployeeEditor(employeeDao));binder.registerCustomEditor(Task.class, new TaskEditor(taskDao));}現(xiàn)在，我們可以安全地在timesheets文件夾下添加new.jsp ，因?yàn)檫x擇列表將正確地填充有模型中傳遞的數(shù)據(jù)：
<%@ taglib prefix='sf' uri='http://www.springframework.org/tags/form' %> <%@ page contentType='text/html;charset=UTF-8' language='java' %><%--@elvariable id='employees' type='java.util.List<org.timesheet.domain.Employee'--%> <%--@elvariable id='tasks' type='java.util.List<org.timesheet.domain.Task'--%><html> <head><title>Add new timesheet</title><link rel='stylesheet' href='/timesheet-app/resources/style.css' type='text/css'> </head> <body><h2>Add new Timesheet</h2><div id='list'><sf:form method='post' action='timesheets' commandName='timesheet'><ul><li><label for='employees'>Pick employee:</label><sf:select path='who' id='employees'><sf:options items='${employees}' itemLabel='name' itemValue='id' /></sf:select></li><li><label for='tasks'>Pick task:</label><sf:select path='task' id='tasks'><sf:options items='${tasks}' itemLabel='description' itemValue='id' /></sf:select></li><li><label for='hours'>Hours:</label><sf:input path='hours' /></li><li><input type='submit' value='Save' /></li></ul></sf:form></div><br /><br /><a href='timesheets'>Go Back</a> </body> </html>Submit按鈕在/ timesheets路徑上提交POST請(qǐng)求，因此我們將使用非常簡(jiǎn)單的控制器方法來處理此請(qǐng)求：
/*** Saves new Timesheet to the database* @param timesheet Timesheet to save* @return redirects to timesheets*/@RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.POST)public String addTimesheet(Timesheet timesheet) {timesheetDao.add(timesheet);return 'redirect:/timesheets';}因此，所有時(shí)間表功能現(xiàn)在都應(yīng)該可以正常工作，只需確保使用應(yīng)用程序一段時(shí)間即可。 當(dāng)然，我們現(xiàn)在還將為TimesheetController編寫單元測(cè)試。 在測(cè)試方法testUpdateTimesheetValid和testUpdateTimesheetInValid中，我們不是手動(dòng)驗(yàn)證對(duì)象，而是模擬驗(yàn)證器：
package org.timesheet.web;import org.junit.Before; import org.junit.Test; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration; import org.springframework.ui.ExtendedModelMap; import org.springframework.ui.Model; import org.springframework.validation.BindingResult; import org.timesheet.DomainAwareBase; import org.timesheet.domain.Employee; import org.timesheet.domain.Manager; import org.timesheet.domain.Task; import org.timesheet.domain.Timesheet; import org.timesheet.service.dao.EmployeeDao; import org.timesheet.service.dao.ManagerDao; import org.timesheet.service.dao.TaskDao; import org.timesheet.service.dao.TimesheetDao; import org.timesheet.web.commands.TimesheetCommand;import java.util.Collection; import java.util.List;import static org.junit.Assert.*; import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock; import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;@ContextConfiguration(locations = {'/persistence-beans.xml', '/controllers.xml'}) public class TimesheetControllerTest extends DomainAwareBase {@Autowiredprivate TimesheetDao timesheetDao;@Autowiredprivate EmployeeDao employeeDao;@Autowiredprivate ManagerDao managerDao;@Autowiredprivate TaskDao taskDao;@Autowiredprivate TimesheetController controller;private Model model; // used for controller@Beforepublic void setUp() {model = new ExtendedModelMap();}@Testpublic void testShowTimesheets() {// prepare some dataTimesheet timesheet = sampleTimesheet();// use controllerString view = controller.showTimesheets(model);assertEquals('timesheets/list', view);List<Timesheet> listFromDao = timesheetDao.list();Collection<?> listFromModel = (Collection<?>) model.asMap().get('timesheets');assertTrue(listFromModel.contains(timesheet));assertTrue(listFromDao.containsAll(listFromModel));}@Testpublic void testDeleteTimesheet() {// prepare ID to deleteTimesheet timesheet = sampleTimesheet();timesheetDao.add(timesheet);long id = timesheet.getId();// delete & assertString view = controller.deleteTimesheet(id);assertEquals('redirect:/timesheets', view);assertNull(timesheetDao.find(id));}@Testpublic void testGetTimesheet() {// prepare timesheetTimesheet timesheet = sampleTimesheet();timesheetDao.add(timesheet);long id = timesheet.getId();TimesheetCommand tsCommand = new TimesheetCommand(timesheet);// get & assertString view = controller.getTimesheet(id, model);assertEquals('timesheets/view', view);assertEquals(tsCommand, model.asMap().get('tsCommand'));}@Testpublic void testUpdateTimesheetValid() {// prepare ID to deleteTimesheet timesheet = sampleTimesheet();timesheetDao.add(timesheet);long id = timesheet.getId();TimesheetCommand tsCommand = new TimesheetCommand(timesheet);// user alters Timesheet hours in HTML form with valid valuetsCommand.setHours(1337);BindingResult result = mock(BindingResult.class);when(result.hasErrors()).thenReturn(false);// update & assertString view = controller.updateTimesheet(id, tsCommand, result);assertEquals('redirect:/timesheets', view);assertTrue(1337 == timesheetDao.find(id).getHours());}@Testpublic void testUpdateTimesheetInValid() {// prepare ID to deleteTimesheet timesheet = sampleTimesheet();timesheetDao.add(timesheet);long id = timesheet.getId();TimesheetCommand tsCommand = new TimesheetCommand(timesheet);Integer originalHours = tsCommand.getHours();// user alters Timesheet hours in HTML form with valid valuetsCommand.setHours(-1);BindingResult result = mock(BindingResult.class);when(result.hasErrors()).thenReturn(true);// update & assertString view = controller.updateTimesheet(id, tsCommand, result);assertEquals('timesheets/view', view);assertEquals(originalHours, timesheetDao.find(id).getHours());}@Testpublic void testAddTimesheet() {// prepare timesheetTimesheet timesheet = sampleTimesheet();// save but via controllerString view = controller.addTimesheet(timesheet);assertEquals('redirect:/timesheets', view);// timesheet is stored in DBassertEquals(timesheet, timesheetDao.find(timesheet.getId()));}private Timesheet sampleTimesheet() {Employee marty = new Employee('Martin Brodeur', 'NHL');employeeDao.add(marty);Manager jeremy = new Manager('Jeremy');managerDao.add(jeremy);Task winStanleyCup = new Task('NHL finals', jeremy, marty);taskDao.add(winStanleyCup);Timesheet stanelyCupSheet = new Timesheet(marty, winStanleyCup, 100);timesheetDao.add(stanelyCupSheet);return stanelyCupSheet;} }我們要做的最后一個(gè)控制器是針對(duì)我們的特殊業(yè)務(wù)服務(wù)– TimesheetService。 我們已經(jīng)實(shí)現(xiàn)并測(cè)試了它的邏輯。 Controller會(huì)將這些功能簡(jiǎn)單地合并到一個(gè)菜單頁面，我們將使用Controller處理每個(gè)功能。 因此，讓我們首先添加一些樣板控制器定義和DAO布線：
@Controller @RequestMapping('/timesheet-service') public class TimesheetServiceController {private TimesheetService service;private EmployeeDao employeeDao;private ManagerDao managerDao;@Autowiredpublic void setService(TimesheetService service) {this.service = service;}@Autowiredpublic void setEmployeeDao(EmployeeDao employeeDao) {this.employeeDao = employeeDao;}@Autowiredpublic void setManagerDao(ManagerDao managerDao) {this.managerDao = managerDao;}}當(dāng)用戶使用GET請(qǐng)求進(jìn)入/ timesheet-service時(shí)，我們將使用填充的數(shù)據(jù)為他提供菜單服務(wù)：
/*** Shows menu of timesheet service: * that contains busiest task and employees and managers to* look for their assigned tasks.* @param model Model to put data to* @return timesheet-service/list*/@RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET)public String showMenu(Model model) {model.addAttribute('busiestTask', service.busiestTask());model.addAttribute('employees', employeeDao.list());model.addAttribute('managers', managerDao.list());return 'timesheet-service/menu';}再次，為了使內(nèi)容在選擇列表中起作用，我們將注冊(cè)編輯器（我們將僅重用最近創(chuàng)建的編輯器）：
@InitBinderprotected void initBinder(WebDataBinder binder) {binder.registerCustomEditor(Employee.class, new EmployeeEditor(employeeDao));binder.registerCustomEditor(Manager.class, new ManagerEditor(managerDao));}現(xiàn)在我們將提供服務(wù)。 我們將再次擁有RESTful URL，但是實(shí)際資源不會(huì)像以前那樣直接映射到域模型，而是一些內(nèi)部服務(wù)的結(jié)果。 因此，獲取ID為123的經(jīng)理的任務(wù)將導(dǎo)致GET請(qǐng)求時(shí)間表/ manager-tasks / 123。 員工任務(wù)相同。 我們將使用選擇列表的偵聽器與jQuery形成實(shí)際的URL。 添加時(shí)間表服務(wù)文件夾，并在其中添加menu.jsp頁面，其內(nèi)容如下：
<%@ taglib prefix='sf' uri='http://www.springframework.org/tags/form' %> <%@ taglib prefix='c' uri='http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core' %> <%@ page contentType='text/html;charset=UTF-8' language='java' %><%--@elvariable id='busiestTask' type='org.timesheet.domain.Task'--%> <%--@elvariable id='managers' type='java.util.List<org.timesheet.domain.Manager>'--%> <%--@elvariable id='employees' type='java.util.List<org.timesheet.domain.Employee>'--%><html> <head><title>Timesheet Service</title><link rel='stylesheet' href='/timesheet-app/resources/style.css' type='text/css'> </head> <body><h1>Timesheet services</h1><div id='list'><h3>Busiest task</h3><ul><li><a href='/timesheet-app/tasks/${busiestTask.id}'id='busiest-task'>${busiestTask.description}</a></li></ul><h3>Tasks for manager</h3><sf:form method='get' id='manager-form'><ul><li><select id='select-managers'><c:forEach items='${managers}' var='man'><option value='${man.id}'>${man.name}</option></c:forEach></select></li><li><input type='submit' value='Search' /></li></ul></sf:form><h3>Tasks for employee</h3><sf:form method='get' id='employee-form'><ul><li><select id='select-employees'><c:forEach items='${employees}' var='emp'><option value='${emp.id}'>${emp.name}</option></c:forEach></select></li><li><input type='submit' value='Search'></li></ul></sf:form></div><br /><br /><a href='/timesheet-app/welcome'>Go Back</a><script src='/timesheet-app/resources/jquery-1.7.1.js'></script><script type='text/javascript'>(function() {// set default actionssetAddAction('#select-managers', '#manager-form', 'manager-tasks');setAddAction('#select-employees', '#employee-form', 'employee-tasks');// handler for chaning action$('#select-managers').on('change', function() {setAddAction('#select-managers', '#manager-form', 'manager-tasks');});$('#select-employees').on('change', function() {setAddAction('#select-employees', '#employee-form', 'employee-tasks');});function setAddAction(selectName, formName, action) {var id = $(selectName).val();$(formName).attr('action','/timesheet-app/timesheet-service/' + action + '/' + id);}})();</script> </body> </html>獲取給定經(jīng)理的任務(wù)：
/*** Returns tasks for given manager* @param id ID of manager* @param model Model to put tasks and manager* @return timesheet-service/manager-tasks*/@RequestMapping(value = '/manager-tasks/{id}', method = RequestMethod.GET)public String showManagerTasks(@PathVariable('id') long id, Model model) {Manager manager = managerDao.find(id);List<Task> tasks = service.tasksForManager(manager);model.addAttribute('manager', manager);model.addAttribute('tasks', tasks);return 'timesheet-service/manager-tasks';}結(jié)果頁面timesheet -service / manager-tasks.jsp將呈現(xiàn)：
<%@ taglib prefix='c' uri='http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core' %> <%@ page contentType='text/html;charset=UTF-8' language='java' %><%--@elvariable id='manager' type='org.timesheet.domain.Manager'--%> <%--@elvariable id='tasks' type='java.util.List<org.timesheet.domain.Task>'--%><html> <head><title>Tasks for manager</title><link rel='stylesheet' href='/timesheet-app/resources/style.css' type='text/css'> </head> <body><h3>Current manager: <a href='/timesheet-app/managers/${manager.id}'>${manager.name}</a></h3><div id='list'><c:forEach items='${tasks}' var='task'><li><a href='/timesheet-app/tasks/${task.id}'>${task.description}</a></li></c:forEach></div><br /><br /><a href='../'>Go Back</a> </body> </html>我們將為員工做幾乎相同的事情：
/*** Returns tasks for given employee* @param id ID of employee* @param model Model to put tasks and employee* @return timesheet-service/employee-tasks*/@RequestMapping(value = '/employee-tasks/{id}', method = RequestMethod.GET)public String showEmployeeTasks(@PathVariable('id') long id, Model model) {Employee employee = employeeDao.find(id);List<Task> tasks = service.tasksForEmployee(employee);model.addAttribute('employee', employee);model.addAttribute('tasks', tasks);return 'timesheet-service/employee-tasks';}然后用jsp查看employee-tasks.jsp：
<%@ taglib prefix='c' uri='http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core' %> <%@ page contentType='text/html;charset=UTF-8' language='java' %><%--@elvariable id='employee' type='org.timesheet.domain.Employee'--%> <%--@elvariable id='tasks' type='java.util.List<org.timesheet.domain.Task>'--%><html> <head><title>Tasks for employee</title><link rel='stylesheet' href='/timesheet-app/resources/style.css' type='text/css'> </head> <body><h3>Current employee: <a href='/timesheet-app/employees/${employee.id}'>${employee.name}</a></h3><div id='list'><c:forEach items='${tasks}' var='task'><li><a href='/timesheet-app/tasks/${task.id}'>${task.description}</a></li></c:forEach></div><br /><br /><a href='../'>Go Back</a> </body> </html>因此，請(qǐng)確保一切都集成良好，并為此新contoller添加單元測(cè)試：
package org.timesheet.web;import org.junit.Before; import org.junit.Test; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.core.io.FileSystemResource; import org.springframework.jdbc.core.simple.SimpleJdbcTemplate; import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration; import org.springframework.test.jdbc.SimpleJdbcTestUtils; import org.springframework.ui.ExtendedModelMap; import org.springframework.ui.Model; import org.timesheet.DomainAwareBase; import org.timesheet.domain.Employee; import org.timesheet.domain.Manager; import org.timesheet.service.TimesheetService; import org.timesheet.service.dao.EmployeeDao; import org.timesheet.service.dao.ManagerDao;import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;/*** This test relies on fact that DAOs and Services are tested individually.* Only compares, if controller returns the same as individual services.*/ @ContextConfiguration(locations = {'/persistence-beans.xml', '/controllers.xml'}) public class TimesheetServiceControllerTest extends DomainAwareBase {@Autowiredprivate TimesheetServiceController controller;@Autowiredprivate TimesheetService timesheetService;@Autowiredprivate EmployeeDao employeeDao;@Autowiredprivate ManagerDao managerDao;@Autowiredprivate SimpleJdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;private Model model;private final String createScript = 'src/main/resources/sql/create-data.sql';@Beforepublic void setUp() {model = new ExtendedModelMap();SimpleJdbcTestUtils.executeSqlScript(jdbcTemplate,new FileSystemResource(createScript), false);}@Testpublic void testShowMenu() {String view = controller.showMenu(model);assertEquals('timesheet-service/menu', view);assertEquals(timesheetService.busiestTask(),model.asMap().get('busiestTask'));// this should be done only on small data sample// might cause serious performance cost for completeassertEquals(employeeDao.list(), model.asMap().get('employees'));assertEquals(managerDao.list(), model.asMap().get('managers'));}@Testpublic void testShowManagerTasks() {// prepare some IDManager manager = managerDao.list().get(0);long id = manager.getId();String view = controller.showManagerTasks(id, model);assertEquals('timesheet-service/manager-tasks', view);assertEquals(manager, model.asMap().get('manager'));assertEquals(timesheetService.tasksForManager(manager),model.asMap().get('tasks'));}@Testpublic void testShowEmployeeTasks() {// prepare some IDEmployee employee = employeeDao.list().get(0);long id = employee.getId();String view = controller.showEmployeeTasks(id, model);assertEquals('timesheet-service/employee-tasks', view);assertEquals(employee, model.asMap().get('employee'));assertEquals(timesheetService.tasksForEmployee(employee),model.asMap().get('tasks'));} }這部分之后的項(xiàng)目結(jié)構(gòu)（所有新內(nèi)容都可見）：
最終請(qǐng)求映射：
參考： 第5部分–在vrtoonjava博客上從我們的JCG合作伙伴 Michal Vrtiak 添加Spring MVC第2部分 。
翻譯自: https://www.javacodegeeks.com/2012/09/spring-adding-spring-mvc-part-2.html
總結(jié)
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