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spring boot 入门-使用spring boot构建简单应用

發布時間：2023/12/3 编程问答 28 豆豆

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目的：建立一個簡單的聯系人列表；　使用 spring boot + maven 進行構建

【0】文件結構如下：

【1】pom.xml 如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><groupId>com.habuma</groupId><artifactId>contacts</artifactId><version>0.1.0</version><packaging>jar</packaging><parent><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId><version>1.1.4.RELEASE</version></parent><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.thymeleaf</groupId><artifactId>thymeleaf-spring4</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.h2database</groupId><artifactId>h2</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId> org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-actuator</artifactId></dependency></dependencies><build><plugins><plugin><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId></plugin></plugins></build> </project>

【2】請求控制器 ContactController.java

package contacts; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;@Controller @RequestMapping("/") public class ContactController {private ContactRepository contactRepo;@Autowiredpublic ContactController(ContactRepository contactRepo) {this.contactRepo = contactRepo;}@RequestMapping(method=RequestMethod.GET)public String home(Map<String,Object> model) {List<Contact> contacts = contactRepo.findAll();model.put("contacts", contacts);return "home";}@RequestMapping(method=RequestMethod.POST)public String submit(Contact contact) {contactRepo.save(contact);return "redirect:/";} }
【3】java bean, Contact.java

public class Contact {private Long id;private String firstName;private String lastName;private String phoneNumber;private String emailAddress;// setter + getter 方法 }

【4】創建視圖

【4.1】在maven中建立以來 thymeleaf 模板

<dependency><groupId>org.thymeleaf</groupId><artifactId>thymeleaf-spring4</artifactId></dependency> <!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"> <head> <title>Spring Boot Contacts</title> <link rel="stylesheet" th:href="@{/style.css}" /> </head> <body><h2>Spring Boot Contacts</h2><form method="POST"><label for="firstName"> First Name:</label> <input type="text" name="firstName"></input><br /> <label for="lastName"> Last Name:</label> <input type="text" name="lastName"></input><br /> <label for="phoneNumber"> Phone #:</label> <input type="text" name="phoneNumber"></input><br /> <label for="emailAddress"> Email:</label><input type="text" name="emailAddress"></input><br /> <input type="submit"></input></form><ul th:each="contact : ${contacts}"><li><span th:text="${contact.firstName}">First</span><span th:text="${contact.lastName}">Last</span> : <span th:text="${contact.phoneNumber}">phoneNumber</span>,<span th:text="${contact.emailAddress}">emailAddress</span></li></ul> </body> </html>

style.css

body {background-color: #eeeeee;font-family: sans-serif; } label {display: inline-block;width: 120px;text-align: right; }

【5】持久化數據

【5,.1】建立maven依賴 jdbc 和 h2 內嵌數據庫

<dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.h2database</groupId><artifactId>h2</artifactId></dependency>【5.2】基于spring 建立 dao

package contacts; import java.util.List; import java.sql.ResultSet; import java.sql.SQLException; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate; import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper; import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;@Repository public class ContactRepository {private JdbcTemplate jdbc;@Autowiredpublic ContactRepository(JdbcTemplate jdbc) {this.jdbc = jdbc;}public List<Contact> findAll() {return jdbc.query("select id, firstName, lastName, phoneNumber, emailAddress " +"from contacts order by lastName",new RowMapper<Contact>() {public Contact mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rowNum)throws SQLException {Contact contact = new Contact();contact.setId(rs.getLong(1));contact.setFirstName(rs.getString(2));contact.setLastName(rs.getString(3));contact.setPhoneNumber(rs.getString(4));contact.setEmailAddress(rs.getString(5));return contact;}});}public void save(Contact contact) {jdbc.update("insert into contacts " +"(firstName, lastName, phoneNumber, emailAddress) " +"values (?, ?, ?, ?)",contact.getFirstName(), contact.getLastName(),contact.getPhoneNumber(), contact.getEmailAddress());} }
【6】建立啟動類

package contacts;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;@ComponentScan @EnableAutoConfiguration public class Application {public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);} }
【7】構建項目 mvn pacakge

補充： schema.sql SQL文件：

create table contacts (id identity,firstName varchar(30) not null,lastName varchar(50) not null,phoneNumber varchar(13),emailAddress varchar(30) );

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