Time Limit: 10000/5000 MS (Java/Others) Memory Limit: 65535/65535 K (Java/Others) Total Submission(s): 11184 Accepted Submission(s): 2573

HDU4612 Warm up

文章目錄

• • Problem Description
  • 題意：
  • 題解：
  • 代碼：

Problem Description

N planets are connected by M bidirectional channels that allow
instant transportation. It’s always possible to travel between any two
planets through these channels. 　　If we can isolate some planets from
others by breaking only one channel , the channel is called a bridge
of the transportation system. People don’t like to be isolated. So
they ask what’s the minimal number of bridges they can have if they
decide to build a new channel. 　　Note that there could be more than
one channel between two planets.

Input

The input contains multiple cases. 　　Each case starts with two
positive integers N and M , indicating the number of planets and the
number of channels. 　　(2<=N<=200000, 1<=M<=1000000) 　　Next M lines
each contains two positive integers A and B, indicating a channel
between planet A and B in the system. Planets are numbered by 1…N.
　　A line with two integers ‘0’ terminates the input.

Output

For each case, output the minimal number of bridges after building a
new channel in a line.

Sample Input

4 4 1 2 1 3 1 4 2 3 0 0

Sample Output

0

題意：

n個點(diǎn)，m個邊，問在添加一個邊后，輸出最小數(shù)量的橋
（橋：如果去掉這個邊，會使得一些點(diǎn)與其他點(diǎn)隔離）

題解：

tarjan求出每個邊雙連通分量后，對每個雙連通分量進(jìn)行縮點(diǎn)，縮點(diǎn)就就是一顆無根樹，在樹上添加一個邊，使得樹上的橋最少，該怎么做？
一個樹，所有邊都是橋（因?yàn)槟闳サ羧魏我粋€邊都會使得點(diǎn)與點(diǎn)分離），而我們只能加一個邊，那我們就盡可能保留最多點(diǎn)，這樣就可以最大程度減少橋的數(shù)量，最多能減少多少？其實(shí)就是樹上的最長路，也就是從一個葉子節(jié)點(diǎn)到另外一個葉子節(jié)點(diǎn)，連接后，這個就形成閉環(huán)，因?yàn)槭亲铋L路，所有保留的最多。問題就轉(zhuǎn)變成求樹上最長路，即求樹的直徑
求樹的直徑可以用兩邊dfs來實(shí)現(xiàn)（原理我也忘了）
從任意一點(diǎn)x開始，dfs找與x最遠(yuǎn)的點(diǎn)y，然后從y開始找與y最遠(yuǎn)的點(diǎn)z，x與z的距離就是

代碼：

代碼參考
本人對代碼詳細(xì)注釋

#include <iostream> #include <cstdio> #include <cstring> #include <cmath> #include <algorithm> #include <vector> #include <queue> #include <stack> #include <map> #include <string> #include <set> using namespace std; typedef long long LL; const double EPS = 1e-8; const int INF = 2e9; const LL LNF = 2e18; const int MAXN = 2e5+10;struct Edge {int to, next; }edge[MAXN*10]; int tot, head[MAXN]; vector<int>g[MAXN];void addedge(int u, int v) {edge[tot].to = v;edge[tot].next = head[u];head[u] = tot++; }int index, dfn[MAXN], low[MAXN]; int top, Stack[MAXN], instack[MAXN]; int block, belong[MAXN];void Tarjan(int u, int pre) {dfn[u] = low[u] = ++index;Stack[top++] = u;instack[u] = true;for(int i = head[u]; i!=-1; i = edge[i].next){//因?yàn)橐粚c(diǎn)之間可能有多條邊，所以不能根據(jù)v是否為上一個點(diǎn)來防止邊是否被重復(fù)訪問。而需要根據(jù)邊的編號if((i^1)==pre) continue;int v = edge[i].to;if(!dfn[v]){Tarjan(v, i);low[u] = min(low[u], low[v]);}else if(instack[v])low[u] = min(low[u], dfn[v]);}if(low[u]==dfn[u]){block++;int v;do{v = Stack[--top];instack[v] = false;belong[v] = block;}while(v!=u);} }//常規(guī)的tarjan縮點(diǎn)操作int diameter, endpoint; int dfs(int u, int pre, int dep)//當(dāng)前節(jié)點(diǎn) 前節(jié)點(diǎn) 深度 {if(dep>diameter)//深度越深時，長度越長 {endpoint = u; //記錄第一個端點(diǎn) diameter = dep; //最深深度 }for(int i = 0; i<g[u].size(); i++)if(g[u][i]!=pre)dfs(g[u][i], u, dep+1); }void init(int n) {tot = 0;memset(head, -1, sizeof(head));index = 0;memset(dfn, 0, sizeof(dfn));memset(low, 0, sizeof(low));top = 0;memset(instack, false, sizeof(instack));block = 0;for(int i = 1; i<=n; i++)belong[i] = i, g[i].clear(); }int main() {int n, m;while(scanf("%d%d", &n, &m) && (n||m) ){init(n);for(int i = 1; i<=m; i++){int u, v;scanf("%d%d", &u, &v);addedge(u, v);addedge(v, u);}Tarjan(1, -1);for(int u = 1; u<=n; u++)for(int i = head[u]; i!=-1; i = edge[i].next){int v = edge[i].to;if(belong[u]!=belong[v])//如果不在同一個強(qiáng)連通量 g[belong[u]].push_back(belong[v]);//生成樹 }endpoint = 1, diameter = 0;dfs(1, -1, 0);dfs(endpoint, -1, 0);printf("%d\n", block-1-diameter);//block（分塊數(shù)量）-1表示最初橋的數(shù)量 //diameter表示最長距離，也就是取消的橋數(shù)量 } }

總結(jié)

以上是生活随笔為你收集整理的HDU4612 Warm up的全部內(nèi)容，希望文章能夠幫你解決所遇到的問題。

如果覺得生活随笔網(wǎng)站內(nèi)容還不錯，歡迎將生活随笔推薦給好友。