Rabbit MQ是一個通用的消息中間件，支持AMQP，STOMP，MQTT等多種協議

安裝#

在OSX下可以使用如下命令來安裝 rabbitmq

brew install rabbitmq

基本命令#

ls -al ~/rabbitmq/3.7.14/sbin/total 1104drwxr-xr-x 10 jet admin 320 May 19 14:35 .drwxr-xr-x 37 jet wheel 1184 May 19 14:37 ..-r-xr-xr-x 1 jet admin 468026 Mar 29 05:47 cuttlefish-r-xr-xr-x 1 jet admin 2153 May 19 14:35 rabbitmq-defaults-r-xr-xr-x 1 jet admin 1245 Mar 29 05:47 rabbitmq-diagnostics-r-xr-xr-x 1 jet admin 16069 May 19 14:35 rabbitmq-env-r-xr-xr-x 1 jet admin 1241 Mar 29 05:47 rabbitmq-plugins # manage rabbitmq plugins-r-xr-xr-x 1 jet admin 16467 Mar 29 05:47 rabbitmq-server-r-xr-xr-x 1 jet admin 40446 Mar 29 05:47 rabbitmqadmin-r-xr-xr-x 1 jet admin 1236 Mar 29 05:47 rabbitmqctl # rabbitmq controller command line

• 啟動rabbitmq

rabbitmq-server -detached #detached參數可以讓rabbitmq以守護進程的方式在后臺運行

啟動之后可以通過15271端口進行查看

停止rabbitmqrabbitmqctl shutdown查看rabbitmq狀態rabbitmqctl statusStatus of node rabbit@localhost ...[{pid,25472}, {running_applications, [{rabbitmq_stomp,"RabbitMQ STOMP plugin","3.7.14"}, {rabbitmq_amqp1_0,"AMQP 1.0 support for RabbitMQ","3.7.14"}, {rabbitmq_management,"RabbitMQ Management Console","3.7.14"}, {rabbitmq_management_agent,"RabbitMQ Management Agent","3.7.14"}, {rabbitmq_mqtt,"RabbitMQ MQTT Adapter","3.7.14"}, {rabbitmq_web_dispatch,"RabbitMQ Web Dispatcher","3.7.14"}, {rabbit,"RabbitMQ","3.7.14"}, {amqp_client,"RabbitMQ AMQP Client","3.7.14"}, ...... {listeners, [{clustering,25672,"::"}, {amqp,5672,"127.0.0.1"}, {mqtt,1883,"::"}, {http,15672,"::"}, {stomp,61613,"::"}]}, }]

• 配置文件 rabbitmq 的配置文件位于$RABBITMQ_HOME/etc/rabbitmq/rabbitmq.conf

Rabbitmq Plugins#

Rabbitmq 提供了很多插件，在使用插件之前可以使用enable命令啟用。已經安裝的插件可以通過如下命令查看

rabbitmq-plugins listListing plugins with pattern ".*" ...WARNING - plugins currently enabled but missing: rabbitmq_management_visualiser Configured: E = explicitly enabled; e = implicitly enabled | Status: * = running on rabbit@localhost |/[E*] rabbitmq_amqp1_0 3.7.14[ ] rabbitmq_auth_backend_cache 3.7.14[ ] rabbitmq_auth_backend_http 3.7.14[ ] rabbitmq_auth_backend_ldap 3.7.14[ ] rabbitmq_auth_mechanism_ssl 3.7.14[ ] rabbitmq_consistent_hash_exchange 3.7.14......[ ] rabbitmq_tracing 3.7.14[ ] rabbitmq_trust_store 3.7.14[e*] rabbitmq_web_dispatch 3.7.14[ ] rabbitmq_web_mqtt 3.7.14[ ] rabbitmq_web_mqtt_examples 3.7.14[ ] rabbitmq_web_stomp 3.7.14[ ] rabbitmq_web_stomp_examples 3.7.14

啟用ui管理工具

rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management

禁用

rabbitmq-plugins disable rabbitmq_management

啟停插件無需重啟rabbitmq即可自動生效

Rabbitmq 消息#

Rabbitmq 包括producer, exchange, consumer三部分。

• producer: 生產者，負責生產消息
• consumer: 消費者，負責消費監聽到的消息
• exchange: 負責路由消息，消息交換 其中exchange包括以下四種類型:

direct exchange: 消息會根據路由key, 路由到指定的隊列fanout exchange: 廣播, 消息會發送到綁定此exchange的所有消息隊列topic exchange: 類似于direct exchange，不過消息可以通過模式匹配，一個消息可能匹配到一個以上的消息隊列header exchange: 根據消息頭進行匹配過濾

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