什么是ML.NET？

ML.NET是由微軟創建，為.NET開發者準備的開源機器學習框架。它是跨平臺的，可以在macOS，Linux及Windows上運行。

機器學習管道

ML.NET通過管道(pipeline)方式組合機器學習過程。整個管道分為以下四個部分：

• Load Data 加載數據

• Transform Data 轉換數據

• Choose Algorithm 選擇算法

• Train Model 訓練模型

示例

建立一個控制臺項目。

dotnet new console -o myApp cd myApp

添加ML.NET類庫包。

dotnet add package Microsoft.ML

在工程文件夾下創建一個名為iris-data.txt的文本文件，內容如下：

5.1,3.5,1.4,0.2,Iris-setosa4.9,3.0,1.4,0.2,Iris-setosa4.7,3.2,1.3,0.2,Iris-setosa4.6,3.1,1.5,0.2,Iris-setosa5.0,3.6,1.4,0.2,Iris-setosa5.4,3.9,1.7,0.4,Iris-setosa4.6,3.4,1.4,0.3,Iris-setosa5.0,3.4,1.5,0.2,Iris-setosa4.4,2.9,1.4,0.2,Iris-setosa4.9,3.1,1.5,0.1,Iris-setosa5.4,3.7,1.5,0.2,Iris-setosa4.8,3.4,1.6,0.2,Iris-setosa4.8,3.0,1.4,0.1,Iris-setosa4.3,3.0,1.1,0.1,Iris-setosa5.8,4.0,1.2,0.2,Iris-setosa5.7,4.4,1.5,0.4,Iris-setosa5.4,3.9,1.3,0.4,Iris-setosa5.1,3.5,1.4,0.3,Iris-setosa5.7,3.8,1.7,0.3,Iris-setosa5.1,3.8,1.5,0.3,Iris-setosa5.4,3.4,1.7,0.2,Iris-setosa5.1,3.7,1.5,0.4,Iris-setosa4.6,3.6,1.0,0.2,Iris-setosa5.1,3.3,1.7,0.5,Iris-setosa4.8,3.4,1.9,0.2,Iris-setosa5.0,3.0,1.6,0.2,Iris-setosa5.0,3.4,1.6,0.4,Iris-setosa5.2,3.5,1.5,0.2,Iris-setosa5.2,3.4,1.4,0.2,Iris-setosa4.7,3.2,1.6,0.2,Iris-setosa4.8,3.1,1.6,0.2,Iris-setosa5.4,3.4,1.5,0.4,Iris-setosa5.2,4.1,1.5,0.1,Iris-setosa5.5,4.2,1.4,0.2,Iris-setosa4.9,3.1,1.5,0.1,Iris-setosa5.0,3.2,1.2,0.2,Iris-setosa5.5,3.5,1.3,0.2,Iris-setosa4.9,3.1,1.5,0.1,Iris-setosa4.4,3.0,1.3,0.2,Iris-setosa5.1,3.4,1.5,0.2,Iris-setosa5.0,3.5,1.3,0.3,Iris-setosa4.5,2.3,1.3,0.3,Iris-setosa4.4,3.2,1.3,0.2,Iris-setosa5.0,3.5,1.6,0.6,Iris-setosa5.1,3.8,1.9,0.4,Iris-setosa4.8,3.0,1.4,0.3,Iris-setosa5.1,3.8,1.6,0.2,Iris-setosa4.6,3.2,1.4,0.2,Iris-setosa5.3,3.7,1.5,0.2,Iris-setosa5.0,3.3,1.4,0.2,Iris-setosa7.0,3.2,4.7,1.4,Iris-versicolor6.4,3.2,4.5,1.5,Iris-versicolor6.9,3.1,4.9,1.5,Iris-versicolor5.5,2.3,4.0,1.3,Iris-versicolor6.5,2.8,4.6,1.5,Iris-versicolor5.7,2.8,4.5,1.3,Iris-versicolor6.3,3.3,4.7,1.6,Iris-versicolor4.9,2.4,3.3,1.0,Iris-versicolor6.6,2.9,4.6,1.3,Iris-versicolor5.2,2.7,3.9,1.4,Iris-versicolor5.0,2.0,3.5,1.0,Iris-versicolor5.9,3.0,4.2,1.5,Iris-versicolor6.0,2.2,4.0,1.0,Iris-versicolor6.1,2.9,4.7,1.4,Iris-versicolor5.6,2.9,3.6,1.3,Iris-versicolor6.7,3.1,4.4,1.4,Iris-versicolor5.6,3.0,4.5,1.5,Iris-versicolor5.8,2.7,4.1,1.0,Iris-versicolor6.2,2.2,4.5,1.5,Iris-versicolor5.6,2.5,3.9,1.1,Iris-versicolor5.9,3.2,4.8,1.8,Iris-versicolor6.1,2.8,4.0,1.3,Iris-versicolor6.3,2.5,4.9,1.5,Iris-versicolor6.1,2.8,4.7,1.2,Iris-versicolor6.4,2.9,4.3,1.3,Iris-versicolor6.6,3.0,4.4,1.4,Iris-versicolor6.8,2.8,4.8,1.4,Iris-versicolor6.7,3.0,5.0,1.7,Iris-versicolor6.0,2.9,4.5,1.5,Iris-versicolor5.7,2.6,3.5,1.0,Iris-versicolor5.5,2.4,3.8,1.1,Iris-versicolor5.5,2.4,3.7,1.0,Iris-versicolor5.8,2.7,3.9,1.2,Iris-versicolor6.0,2.7,5.1,1.6,Iris-versicolor5.4,3.0,4.5,1.5,Iris-versicolor6.0,3.4,4.5,1.6,Iris-versicolor6.7,3.1,4.7,1.5,Iris-versicolor6.3,2.3,4.4,1.3,Iris-versicolor5.6,3.0,4.1,1.3,Iris-versicolor5.5,2.5,4.0,1.3,Iris-versicolor5.5,2.6,4.4,1.2,Iris-versicolor6.1,3.0,4.6,1.4,Iris-versicolor5.8,2.6,4.0,1.2,Iris-versicolor5.0,2.3,3.3,1.0,Iris-versicolor5.6,2.7,4.2,1.3,Iris-versicolor5.7,3.0,4.2,1.2,Iris-versicolor5.7,2.9,4.2,1.3,Iris-versicolor6.2,2.9,4.3,1.3,Iris-versicolor5.1,2.5,3.0,1.1,Iris-versicolor5.7,2.8,4.1,1.3,Iris-versicolor6.3,3.3,6.0,2.5,Iris-virginica5.8,2.7,5.1,1.9,Iris-virginica7.1,3.0,5.9,2.1,Iris-virginica6.3,2.9,5.6,1.8,Iris-virginica6.5,3.0,5.8,2.2,Iris-virginica7.6,3.0,6.6,2.1,Iris-virginica4.9,2.5,4.5,1.7,Iris-virginica7.3,2.9,6.3,1.8,Iris-virginica6.7,2.5,5.8,1.8,Iris-virginica7.2,3.6,6.1,2.5,Iris-virginica6.5,3.2,5.1,2.0,Iris-virginica6.4,2.7,5.3,1.9,Iris-virginica6.8,3.0,5.5,2.1,Iris-virginica5.7,2.5,5.0,2.0,Iris-virginica5.8,2.8,5.1,2.4,Iris-virginica6.4,3.2,5.3,2.3,Iris-virginica6.5,3.0,5.5,1.8,Iris-virginica7.7,3.8,6.7,2.2,Iris-virginica7.7,2.6,6.9,2.3,Iris-virginica6.0,2.2,5.0,1.5,Iris-virginica6.9,3.2,5.7,2.3,Iris-virginica5.6,2.8,4.9,2.0,Iris-virginica7.7,2.8,6.7,2.0,Iris-virginica6.3,2.7,4.9,1.8,Iris-virginica6.7,3.3,5.7,2.1,Iris-virginica7.2,3.2,6.0,1.8,Iris-virginica6.2,2.8,4.8,1.8,Iris-virginica6.1,3.0,4.9,1.8,Iris-virginica6.4,2.8,5.6,2.1,Iris-virginica7.2,3.0,5.8,1.6,Iris-virginica7.4,2.8,6.1,1.9,Iris-virginica7.9,3.8,6.4,2.0,Iris-virginica6.4,2.8,5.6,2.2,Iris-virginica6.3,2.8,5.1,1.5,Iris-virginica6.1,2.6,5.6,1.4,Iris-virginica7.7,3.0,6.1,2.3,Iris-virginica6.3,3.4,5.6,2.4,Iris-virginica6.4,3.1,5.5,1.8,Iris-virginica6.0,3.0,4.8,1.8,Iris-virginica6.9,3.1,5.4,2.1,Iris-virginica6.7,3.1,5.6,2.4,Iris-virginica6.9,3.1,5.1,2.3,Iris-virginica5.8,2.7,5.1,1.9,Iris-virginica6.8,3.2,5.9,2.3,Iris-virginica6.7,3.3,5.7,2.5,Iris-virginica6.7,3.0,5.2,2.3,Iris-virginica6.3,2.5,5.0,1.9,Iris-virginica6.5,3.0,5.2,2.0,Iris-virginica6.2,3.4,5.4,2.3,Iris-virginica5.9,3.0,5.1,1.8,Iris-virginica

粘貼下面的代碼到Program文件中。

通過dotnet run命令運行程序后可得到預測結果。

Predicted flower type is: Iris-virginica

解例

例子中定義了兩個類，IrisData與IrisPrediction。IrisData類是用于訓練的數據結構，而IrisPrediction則用于預測。

MLContext類用于定義ML.NET的上下文(context)，可以理解為是它的運行時環境。

接著，創建一個TextReader，用于讀取數據集文件，可以看到其中規定了讀取的格式。這里即是機器學習管道的第一步。

第二步，轉換IrisData類中Label屬性的類型，使之成為數值類型，因為只有數值類型的數據才能在模型訓練中被使用。再將SepalLength，SepalWidth，PetalLength與PetalWidth合并為一，統合為數據集的Features。

第三步，為訓練選擇合適的算法，并傳入標簽(Label)和特征(Features)。

第四步，訓練模型。

完成模型后，就可以用它進行預測了。因為最后預測的結果是字符串類型，所以在上述第三步的操作后有必要加上轉換操作，把結果從數值類型再轉回字符串類型。

相關文章：

• 使用ML.NET實現基于RFM模型的客戶價值分析

• 開源的，跨平臺的.NET機器學習框架ML.NET
  

原文地址:? https://www.cnblogs.com/kenwoo/p/9980303.html

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