優化 .net core 應用的 dockerfile

Intro

在給 .net core 應用的寫 dockerfile 的時候一直有個苦惱，就是如果有很多個項目，在 dockerfile 里寫起來就會很繁瑣，有很多項目文件要 copy，dockerfile 還不支持直接批量復制項目文件，今天要改的一個項目也是有好多個項目文件，不想再一個一個復制，于是 google 一下看有沒有比較好的解決方案，找到一個折中的解決方案，分享一下

Solution

首先把所有的項目文件拷貝到 docker 鏡像內?COPY */*.csproj ./

然后根據項目文件名稱創建項目文件夾，并移動項目文件到對應的項目目錄下

原來的 dockerfile

FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/core/sdk:3.0-alpine AS build-env WORKDIR /src# Copy csproj and restore as distinct layers COPY ActivityReservation.Common/*.csproj ActivityReservation.Common/ COPY ActivityReservation.Models/*.csproj ActivityReservation.Models/ COPY ActivityReservation.DataAccess/*.csproj ActivityReservation.DataAccess/ COPY ActivityReservation.Business/*.csproj ActivityReservation.Business/ COPY ActivityReservation.Helper/*.csproj ActivityReservation.Helper/ COPY ActivityReservation.WechatAPI/*.csproj ActivityReservation.WechatAPI/ COPY ActivityReservation.AdminLogic/*.csproj ActivityReservation.AdminLogic/ COPY ActivityReservation.API/*.csproj ActivityReservation.API/ COPY ActivityReservation/ActivityReservation.csproj ActivityReservation/# RUN dotnet restore ActivityReservation/ActivityReservation.csproj ## diff between netcore2.2 and netcore3.0 WORKDIR /src/ActivityReservation RUN dotnet restore# copy everything and build COPY . . RUN dotnet publish -c Release -o out ActivityReservation/ActivityReservation.csproj# build runtime image FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/core/aspnet:3.0-alpineLABEL Maintainer="WeihanLi" WORKDIR /app COPY --from=build-env /src/ActivityReservation/out . EXPOSE 80 ENTRYPOINT ["dotnet", "ActivityReservation.dll"]

修改之后的 dockerfile

FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/core/sdk:3.0-alpine AS build-env WORKDIR /src# Copy csproj and restore as distinct layers # https://andrewlock.net/optimising-asp-net-core-apps-in-docker-avoiding-manually-copying-csproj-files-part-2/ COPY */*.csproj ./ RUN for file in $(ls *.csproj); do mkdir -p ${file%.*}/ && mv $file ${file%.*}/; done## diff between netcore2.2 and netcore3.0 WORKDIR /src/ActivityReservation RUN dotnet restore# copy everything and build COPY . . RUN dotnet publish -c Release -o out ActivityReservation/ActivityReservation.csproj# build runtime image FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/core/aspnet:3.0-alpineLABEL Maintainer="WeihanLi" WORKDIR /app COPY --from=build-env /src/ActivityReservation/out . EXPOSE 80 ENTRYPOINT ["dotnet", "ActivityReservation.dll"]

是不是精簡了許多，來看一下修改前后的對比，更明顯的對比一下：

核心代碼：

# 拷貝所有的二級目錄下的項目文件 COPY */*.csproj ./ # 根據項目文件名稱創建項目文件夾，并移動項目文件到對應的項目目錄下 RUN for file in $(ls *.csproj); do mkdir -p ${file%.*}/ && mv $file ${file%.*}/; done

More

注：上面的方法適用于項目文件目錄名稱和項目文件名稱一致的情況，默認創建的項目應該都會符合這樣的要求，如果你的項目文件是三級目錄，如?src/*/*.csproj?的，需要自己根據項目情況調整 dockerfile

有沒有學到呢~~

Reference

• https://stackoverflow.com/questions/51372791/is-there-a-more-elegant-way-to-copy-specific-files-using-docker-copy-to-the-work

• https://andrewlock.net/optimising-asp-net-core-apps-in-docker-avoiding-manually-copying-csproj-files-part-2/

• https://github.com/WeihanLi/ActivityReservation/blob/dev/Dockerfile

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