問題

SQL Server在很多企業中部署在多個平臺上(Windows,Linux和Container)，需要一種能支持多平臺的解決方案用于收集和展示相關的監控指標。

我選擇企業中比較流行的監控展示工具Grafana和監控指標收集工具Telegraf進行實現。這也是為了方便與企業中已經在存在監控平臺進行整合和對接。

如上圖所示，Telegraf部署在SQL所在host，收集數據發送給時序數據庫Influxdb存儲，然后Grafana用于展示數據。

解決方案

• 安裝和配置InfluxDB

# 下載1.8的stable version后進行安裝 wget https://dl.influxdata.com/influxdb/releases/influxdb-1.8.0.x86_64.rpm chmod 755 influxdb-1.8.0.x86_64.rpm yum localinstall influxdb-1.8.0.x86_64.rpm# 啟動并設置自啟動 systemctl start influxdb systemctl enable influxdb# 8086用于客戶端的HTTP連接，8088用于CLI調用RPC進行備份和還原操作 firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=8086/tcp --permanent firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=8088/tcp --permanent firewall-cmd --reload# 連接到influxdb并創建用戶 fluxdb > CREATE USER admin WITH PASSWORD '<password>' WITH ALL PRIVILEGES# 啟用http用戶驗證，修改influxdb.conf中http p中auth-enabled = true vim /etc/influxdb/influxdb.conf systemctl restart influxdb# 創建用于存儲監控數據的數據庫，保存6個月的數據 influx -username 'admin' -password '<password>' > CREATE DATABASE telegraf > CREATE RETENTION POLICY telegraf_6m ON telegraf DURATION 180d REPLICATION 1 DEFAULT > SHOW DATABASES

• 安裝和配置Grafana

# 下載并安裝Grafana wget https://dl.grafana.com/oss/release/grafana-7.0.1-1.x86_64.rpm chmod 775 grafana-7.0.1-1.x86_64.rpm yum localinstall grafana-7.0.1-1.x86_64.rpm# 設置自啟動 systemctl start grafana-server.service systemctl enable grafana-server.service# 允許Grafana默認的端口3000 firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3000/tcp --permanent firewall-cmd --reload

然后在Browser中訪問http://:3000，第一次訪問時默登錄認賬號和密碼都為admin，登錄后會提示修改密碼。

• 在在被監控的數據庫主機安裝和配置Telegraf

Telegraf連接到SQL，需要一個login，具有 VIEW SERVER STATE and VIEW ANY DEFINITION的權限，所以在每個被監控的實例上都需要創建之。

USE master; GO CREATE LOGIN [telegraf] WITH PASSWORD = N'1qaz@WSX'; GO GRANT VIEW SERVER STATE TO [telegraf]; GO GRANT VIEW ANY DEFINITION TO [telegraf]; GO

• Telegraf on Linux

wget https://dl.influxdata.com/telegraf/releases/telegraf-1.14.3-1.x86_64.rpm sudo yum localinstall telegraf-1.14.3-1.x86_64.rpm

安裝完成后，先要修改Telegraf的配置文件，再啟動。在配置文件中主要配置兩個部分：inputs和outputs。inputs表示監控數據從哪里來，outputs表示監控要發送到哪里去。

打開/etc/telegraf/telegraf.conf，找到[[outputs.influxdb]]部分，所有配置項默認都被注釋了。我們需要刪除注釋并配置一些項。主要是Influxdb的地址，用戶名、密碼和數據庫名等。

[[outputs.influxdb]]## The full HTTP or UDP URL for your InfluxDB instance.#### Multiple URLs can be specified for a single cluster, only ONE of the## urls will be written to each interval.# urls = ["unix:///var/run/influxdb.sock"]# urls = ["udp://127.0.0.1:8089"]urls = ["http://172.17.2.4:8086"]## The target database for metrics; will be created as needed.## For UDP url endpoint database needs to be configured on server side.database = "telegraf"## The value of this tag will be used to determine the database. If this## tag is not set the 'database' option is used as the default.# database_tag = ""## If true, the 'database_tag' will not be included in the written metric.# exclude_database_tag = false## If true, no CREATE DATABASE queries will be sent. Set to true when using## Telegraf with a user without permissions to create databases or when the## database already exists.skip_database_creation = true## Name of existing retention policy to write to. Empty string writes to## the default retention policy. Only takes effect when using HTTP.retention_policy = ""## The value of this tag will be used to determine the retention policy. If this## tag is not set the 'retention_policy' option is used as the default.# retention_policy_tag = ""## If true, the 'retention_policy_tag' will not be included in the written metric.# exclude_retention_policy_tag = false## Write consistency (clusters only), can be: "any", "one", "quorum", "all".## Only takes effect when using HTTP.write_consistency = "any"## Timeout for HTTP messages.timeout = "5s"## HTTP Basic Authusername = "admin"password = "<password>"

找到[[inputs.sqlserver]]部分,取消相關配置項的注釋，servers部分連接到本地實例。

Telegraf默認的Plugin中包括了對SQL Server的實現, 這個Plugin還包括了對Azure SQL PaaS的實現

# # Read metrics from Microsoft SQL Server[[inputs.sqlserver]] # ## Specify instances to monitor with a list of connection strings. # ## All connection parameters are optional. # ## By default, the host is localhost, listening on default port, TCP 1433. # ## for Windows, the user is the currently running AD user (SSO). # ## See https://github.com/denisenkom/go-mssqldb for detailed connection # ## parameters, in particular, tls connections can be created like so: # ## "encrypt=true;certificate=<cert>;hostNameInCertificate=<SqlServer host fqdn>"servers = ["Server=localhost;Port=1433;User Id=telegraf;Password=<yourPassword>;app name=telegraf;log=1;"] # # ## Optional parameter, setting this to 2 will use a new version # ## of the collection queries that break compatibility with the original # ## dashboards.query_version = 2 # # ## If you are using AzureDB, setting this to true will gather resource utilization metrics # # azuredb = false # # ## Possible queries: # ## - PerformanceCounters # ## - WaitStatsCategorized # ## - DatabaseIO # ## - DatabaseProperties # ## - CPUHistory # ## - DatabaseSize # ## - DatabaseStats # ## - MemoryClerk # ## - VolumeSpace # ## - PerformanceMetrics # ## - Schedulers # ## - AzureDBResourceStats # ## - AzureDBResourceGovernance # ## - SqlRequests # ## - ServerProperties # ## A list of queries to include. If not specified, all the above listed queries are used. # # include_query = [] # # ## A list of queries to explicitly ignore. # exclude_query = [ 'Schedulers' , 'SqlRequests']

啟動Telegraf之后，可以看到時已經加載的inputs和收集間隔

[root@SQL19N1 log]# systemctl status telegraf ● telegraf.service - The plugin-driven server agent for reporting metrics into InfluxDBLoaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/telegraf.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)Active: active (running) since Tue 2020-05-26 14:19:07 UTC; 19min agoDocs: https://github.com/influxdata/telegrafMain PID: 12359 (telegraf)CGroup: /system.slice/telegraf.service└─12359 /usr/bin/telegraf -config /etc/telegraf/telegraf.conf -config-directory /etc/telegraf/telegraf.dMay 26 14:19:07 SQL19N1 systemd[1]: Started The plugin-driven server agent for reporting metrics into InfluxDB. May 26 14:19:07 SQL19N1 telegraf[12359]: 2020-05-26T14:19:07Z I! Starting Telegraf 1.14.3 May 26 14:19:07 SQL19N1 telegraf[12359]: 2020-05-26T14:19:07Z I! Loaded inputs: system cpu disk diskio kernel mem processes swap sqlserver May 26 14:19:07 SQL19N1 telegraf[12359]: 2020-05-26T14:19:07Z I! Loaded aggregators: May 26 14:19:07 SQL19N1 telegraf[12359]: 2020-05-26T14:19:07Z I! Loaded processors: May 26 14:19:07 SQL19N1 telegraf[12359]: 2020-05-26T14:19:07Z I! Loaded outputs: influxdb May 26 14:19:07 SQL19N1 telegraf[12359]: 2020-05-26T14:19:07Z I! Tags enabled: host=SQL19N1 May 26 14:19:07 SQL19N1 telegraf[12359]: 2020-05-26T14:19:07Z I! [agent] Config: Interval:20s, Quiet:false, Hostname:"SQL19N1", Flush Interval:10s

• Telegraf on Windows

以管理員身份執行如下PowerShell命令

# 下載軟件 wget https://dl.influxdata.com/telegraf/releases/telegraf-1.14.3_windows_amd64.zip ·-OutFile "c:\temp\telegraf-1.14.3_windows_amd64.zip"# 解壓縮到C:\Program Files\Telegraf Expand-Archive "c:\temp\telegraf-1.14.3_windows_amd64.zip", "C:\Program Files"# 將telegraf安裝為windows服務 C:\"Program Files"\Telegraf\telegraf.exe --service install

修改telegraf.conf中outputs.influxdb和添加inputs.sqlserver部分，這些內容和在Linux上的配置一樣，就不贅述了。

conf修改完成后，可以先測試一下telegraf是否能正常啟動，沒問題的話就啟動telegraf服務。

# 測試 C:\"Program Files"\Telegraf\telegraf.exe --config C:\"Program Files"\Telegraf\telegraf.conf --test# 啟動服務 C:\"Program Files"\Telegraf\telegraf.exe --service start

• 配置Grafana的數據源和Dashboard

登錄Grafana后,在左側的Configuration->Data Source中配置InfluxDB數據源，填寫地址、賬號、密碼并設置為默認數據源，如下圖

Dashboard，可以自己創建，也可以在采用公開社區的(感謝熱心無私的大佬們)。這里，我采用SQL Servers by Jonathan Rioux。這個Dashboard中使用的Piechart不是Grafana預置的，所以還需要安裝：

# Grafana所在Host安裝，重啟服務生效 grafana-cli plugins install grafana-piechart-panel systemctl restart grafana-server.service

然后在Grafana界面，選擇左側的Dashboard->Import->填入Dashboard ID->Import，如下圖：

配置完成后的，可以看這個Dashboard提供的信息還比較豐富的，您也可以根據自己的需要修改和添加相關內容.

總結

實際情況中，自帶的數據收集和報表不能完全滿足業務需求，自定義的數據收集和自定義的Dashboard，也是非常容易實現的，下次再寫

如果已經在使用Zabbix了，Grafana可以直接對接到Zabbix的數據輸出。

Telegraf能非常好的支持Cloud環境，下次說說對Azure SQL PaaS的監控

轉載自：https://www.cnblogs.com/Joe-T/p/12973362.html

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總結

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