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考研复试—专业课英语

發(fā)布時(shí)間:2023/12/8 编程问答 50 豆豆
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一、常見專業(yè)術(shù)語縮寫

1、AI

artificial intelligence(人工智能)

2、ML

machine learning(機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí))

3、SQL

structured query language(結(jié)構(gòu)化查詢語言)

4、URI

uniform resource identifier(統(tǒng)一資源標(biāo)識(shí)符)

5、JSP

Java server pages(Java服務(wù)器頁面)

6、HTTP

hyper text transfer protocol(超文本傳輸協(xié)議)

7、SMTP

simple mail transfer protocol(簡單郵件傳輸協(xié)議)

8、LAN

local area network(局域網(wǎng))

9、WAN

wide area network(廣域網(wǎng))

10、DBMS

database management system(數(shù)據(jù)庫管理系統(tǒng))

11、DBA

database administrator(數(shù)據(jù)庫管理員)

12、IOT

Internet of things(物聯(lián)網(wǎng))

13、IT

information technology (信息技術(shù))

14、SLC

software life cycle(軟件生命周期)

15、OOA

object-oriented analysis( 面向?qū)ο蠓治?#xff09;

16、OOD

object-oriented design(面向?qū)ο笤O(shè)計(jì))

17、OOP

object-oriented programming (面向?qū)ο蟪绦蛟O(shè)計(jì))

18、DM

data mining(數(shù)據(jù)挖掘)

19、UML

unified modeling language(統(tǒng)一建模語言)

20、XML

extensible markup language (可擴(kuò)展標(biāo)記語言)

21、IEEE

institute of electrical and electronic engineers(電氣與電子工程師協(xié)會(huì))

22、URL

uniform resource locator(統(tǒng)一資源定位符)

23、DFD

data flow diagram (數(shù)據(jù)流圖)

24、ACM

association for computing machinery(國際計(jì)算機(jī)協(xié)會(huì))

25、IP

Internet protocol(網(wǎng)際協(xié)議)

26、ARP

address resolution protocol(地址解析協(xié)議)

27、RARP

reverse adress resolution protocol(反向地址轉(zhuǎn)換協(xié)議)

28、TCP

transmission control protocol(傳輸控制協(xié)議)

29、UDP

user datagram protocol(用戶數(shù)據(jù)報(bào)協(xié)議)

30、CSS

cascading style sheets(層疊樣式表)

31、FTP

file transfer protocol(文件傳輸協(xié)議)

32、ISP

Internet service provider(互聯(lián)網(wǎng)服務(wù)提供者)

33、RIP

routing information protocol(路由信息協(xié)議)

34、POP

post office protocol(郵局協(xié)議)

35、DNS

domain name system(域名系統(tǒng))

36、HTML

hyper text markup language(超文本標(biāo)記語言)

37、MMU

memory management unit(內(nèi)存管理單元)

38、DSSA

domain specific software architecture(特定領(lǐng)域軟件體系結(jié)構(gòu))

39、ADT

abstract data type(抽象數(shù)據(jù)類型)

40、BIOS

basic input output system(基本輸入輸出系統(tǒng))

41、ADL

architecture description language(軟件體系結(jié)構(gòu)描述語言)

42、ICMP

Internet control message protocol(Internet控制消息協(xié)議)

43、CPU

central processing unit(中央處理器)

44、USB

universal serial bus(通用串行總線)

45、CSMA/CD

carrier sense multiple access with collision detection(載波監(jiān)聽多路訪問/沖突檢測)

46、GUI

graphical user interface(圖形用戶界面)

47、IDE

integrated development environment(集成開發(fā)環(huán)境)

48、IMAP

Internet message access protocol(Internet 郵件訪問協(xié)議)

49、IGMP

Internet· group management protocol(Internet組管理協(xié)議)

50、OSPF

open shortest path first(開放式最短路徑優(yōu)先)

51、CMM

capability maturity model(能力成熟度)

52、BFS

breadth first search(廣度優(yōu)先搜索)

53、DFS

depth first search(深度優(yōu)先搜索)

54、PCB

process control block(進(jìn)程控制塊)

55、OSI

open system interconnection reference model(開放式系統(tǒng)互聯(lián)通信參考模型)

56、DDL

data definition language(數(shù)據(jù)定義語言)

57、DML

data manipulation language(數(shù)據(jù)操縱語言)

58、SNMP

simple network management protocol(簡單網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理協(xié)議)

59、DHCP

dynamic host configuration protocol(動(dòng)態(tài)主機(jī)配置協(xié)議)

60、LLC

logical link control(邏輯鏈路協(xié)議)

61、MAC

medium access control(介質(zhì)訪問控制)

二、常見專業(yè)術(shù)語翻譯

1、軟件測試

software testing

2、電子商務(wù)

e-commerce

3、系統(tǒng)分析與設(shè)計(jì)

design and analysis of system

4、云計(jì)算

cloud computing

5、防火墻

firewall

6、軟件危機(jī)

software crisis

7、傳感器

sensor

8、大數(shù)據(jù)

big data

9、交換機(jī)

switch

10、數(shù)據(jù)庫

database

11、設(shè)計(jì)模式

design patterns

12、移動(dòng)應(yīng)用開發(fā)

mobile application development

13、封裝

encapsulation

14、多態(tài)

polymorphism

15、繼承

inheritance

16、操作系統(tǒng)

operating system

17、計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)

computer network

18、數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)

data structure

19、計(jì)算機(jī)組成原理

principles of computer composition

20、編譯原理

complication principles

21、計(jì)算機(jī)圖形學(xué)

computer graphics

22、軟件工程導(dǎo)論

introduction to software engineering

23、軟件體系結(jié)構(gòu)

software architecture

24、計(jì)算機(jī)導(dǎo)論

introduction to computers

25、數(shù)據(jù)庫系統(tǒng)概論

introduction to database systems

26、網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全

network security

27、游戲軟件開發(fā)

game software development

28、數(shù)據(jù)圖像處理

digital image processing

29、軟件項(xiàng)目管理

software project management

30、離散數(shù)學(xué)

discrete mathematics

31、軟件工程方法學(xué)

software engineering methodology

32、分布式數(shù)據(jù)管理與高效能計(jì)算

distributed data management and efficient computing

33、領(lǐng)域軟件開發(fā)技術(shù)

domain software development technology

34、電腦病毒

computer virus

35、瀑布模型

waterfall model

36、需求定義

demand analysis

37、總體設(shè)計(jì)

overall design

38、詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì)·

detailed design

39、綜合測試

comprehensive test

40、軟件維護(hù)

software maintenance

41、編碼和單元測試

coding and unit testing

42、棧

stack

43、隊(duì)列

queue

44、線性表

linear list

45、鏈表

linked list

46、圖

graph

47、結(jié)構(gòu)化編程語言

structured programming language

48、順序表

sequence list

49、問題定義

problem definition

50、快速原型模型

rapid prototyping model

51、增量模型

incremental model

52、噴泉模型

fountain model

53、用戶數(shù)據(jù)接口

user data interface

54、高級(jí)程序設(shè)計(jì)

advanced programming

55、單鏈表

single linked list

56、循環(huán)鏈表

circular linked list

57、十字鏈表

orthogonal list

58、廣義表

generalized list

59、平衡二叉樹

balanced binary tree

60、滿二叉樹

full binary tree

61、完全二叉樹

complete binary tree

62、二叉排序樹

binary sort tree

63、二叉查找樹

binary search tree

64、哈夫曼樹

Huffman tree

65、先序遍歷

preorder traversal

66、中序遍歷

inorder traversal

67、后序遍歷

postorder traversal

68、模式設(shè)別

pattern recognition

69、虛擬機(jī)

virutal machine

70、死鎖

deadlock

71、邏輯地址

logical address

72、物理地址

physical address

73、插入排序

insertion sort

74、合并排序

merge sort

75、堆排序

heap sort

76、快速排序

quick sort

77、拓?fù)渑判?/p>

topological sort’

78、二分查找

binary search

79、分塊查找

block search

80、散列查找

hash search

81、內(nèi)部排序

internal sort

82、外部排序

external sort

83、選擇排序

selection sort

84、基數(shù)排序

radix sort

85、物理層

physical layer

86、數(shù)據(jù)鏈路層

data link layer

87、網(wǎng)絡(luò)層

network layer

88、運(yùn)輸層

transport layer

89、會(huì)話層

session layer

90、表示層

> presentation layer

91、應(yīng)用層

application layer

92、流量控制

flow control

93、滑動(dòng)窗口

sliding window

94、差錯(cuò)控制

error control

95、網(wǎng)橋

network bridge

96、路由器

router

97、子網(wǎng)掩碼

subnet mask

三、常見英語專業(yè)問答

1、Why did you choose software engineer as your major?(你為什么選擇軟件工程專業(yè)?)

At the beginning, I simply thought that there were good career prospects in software engineering. As I slowly learned expertise such as data structure,operating system,computer network and so on, I found that I enjoyed the sense of achievement that comes with running a successful project.And now I particularly interested in artificial intelligence.
(一開始,我只是認(rèn)為在軟件工程方面有很好的職業(yè)前景。當(dāng)我慢慢學(xué)習(xí)數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)、操作系統(tǒng)、計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)等專業(yè)知識(shí)時(shí),我發(fā)現(xiàn)我喜歡運(yùn)行一個(gè)成功項(xiàng)目帶來的成就感。現(xiàn)在我對(duì)人工智能特別感興趣。)

2、Tell me something about your major.(介紹你的專業(yè)。)

My major is software engineering. It is a discipline based on computer science and technology which studies the use of engineering methods to construct and maintain effective, practical and high-quality software. It involves programming language, data structure, operating system and so on. Generally speaking, software engineering is a major related to software development.
(我的專業(yè)是軟件工程。它是一門以計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)和技術(shù)為基礎(chǔ)的學(xué)科,研究利用工程方法來構(gòu)建和維護(hù)有效、實(shí)用和高質(zhì)量的軟件。它涉及到編程語言、數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)、操作系統(tǒng)等。一般來說,軟件工程是與軟件開發(fā)相關(guān)的一個(gè)專業(yè)。)

3、What is your favorite subject and why?/What do you think is the most important undergraduate course and why?(你最喜歡哪門課程?為什么?/你覺得本科最重要的課程是什么?為什么?)

My favorite subject is data structure and algorithm.Although it is difficult, it is the foundation of all programming, determines the upper limit of our programming abilities and is relevant to all cutting-edge technologies nowadays. In my junior year, I solved algorithm problems on leetcode for a while, which benefited me greatly.
(我最喜歡的課程是數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)和算法。雖然它很困難,但它是所有編程的基礎(chǔ),決定了我們的編程能力的上限,并且與當(dāng)今所有的前沿技術(shù)相關(guān)。在我大三的時(shí)候,我解決了一段時(shí)間的算法問題,這讓我受益很大。)

4、Tell us what you know about artificial intelligence.(談?wù)勀銓?duì)人工智能的認(rèn)識(shí)。)

Artificial intelligence is one of the top technologies of the 21st century and it plays an irreplaceable and huge role in our lives. Artificial intelligence is the study of computers to simulate certain human thought processes and intelligent behaviour, and includes many fields such as machine learning, computer vision and many more. In short, artificial intelligence has high research value and good prospects for development.
(人工智能是21世紀(jì)的頂尖技術(shù)之一,在我們的生活中發(fā)揮著不可替代的巨大作用。人工智能是對(duì)計(jì)算機(jī)來模擬某些人類思維過程和智能行為的研究,它包括機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)、計(jì)算機(jī)視覺等許多領(lǐng)域。總之,人工智能具有較高的研究價(jià)值和良好的發(fā)展前景。)

5、What do you think have been the most important changes in your study field over the past 5 years?(過去的5年里,在你的專業(yè)領(lǐng)域里你認(rèn)為最重要的變化是什么?)

In recent years, the scholars pay more attention to the study of artificial intelligence.And the technology of artificial intelligence is more and more mature, and its applications are becoming more and more widespread. Its rapid development has brought great convenience to all aspects of our lives.
(近年來,學(xué)者們?cè)絹碓疥P(guān)注人工智能的研究。人工智能技術(shù)越來越成熟,其應(yīng)用也越來越廣泛。它的快速發(fā)展為我們生活的各個(gè)方面都帶來了極大的便利。)

6、Introduce the content of your graduation project.(介紹一下你的畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容。)

My graduation project is a personalized news recommendation system based on Python.The system collects news through web crawler, and pushes relevant news according to user’s personal interest by using personalized recommendation algorithm.
(我的畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)是一個(gè)基于python的個(gè)性化新聞推薦系統(tǒng)。該系統(tǒng)通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)爬蟲采集新聞,根據(jù)用戶個(gè)人興趣利用個(gè)性化推薦算法推送相關(guān)新聞。)

7、Which programming language do you think is the most important? why?(你認(rèn)為哪個(gè)編程語言最重要?為什么?)

C++ is a widely used computer programming language. The advantage of C++ is that, as long as the software developed in C++, its timeliness, stability, and scalability can be well controlled. This is something that no high-level language can achieve. All high-level languages depend on the basic libraries provided by the C series of languages.
(C++是一種被廣泛使用的計(jì)算機(jī)程序設(shè)計(jì)語言。C++的優(yōu)勢在于,但凡是用C++開發(fā)出來的軟件,它的時(shí)效性、穩(wěn)定性、可擴(kuò)展性都可以得到很好的控制。這是任何高級(jí)語言都沒有辦法達(dá)到的。所有的高級(jí)語言都依賴于C系列語言提供的基礎(chǔ)庫。)

8、What professional books have you read recently?(你最近讀過什么專業(yè)書籍?)

I recently read “Data Structure” by Professor Yan Weimin. The first half of this book discusses various basic types of data structures and their applications, and the second half mainly discusses various implementation methods of searching and sorting and their comprehensive analysis and comparison. Through reading this book, my understanding of C Programming Language’s data structure has been further deepened.
(我最近讀了嚴(yán)蔚敏教授的《數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)》。這本書的前半部分從抽象數(shù)據(jù)類型的角度討論了各種基本類型的數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)及其應(yīng)用,后半部分主要討論了查找和排序的各種實(shí)現(xiàn)方法及其綜合分析比較。通過閱讀這本書,我對(duì)C語言數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)的理解進(jìn)一步加深。)

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