英語寫作中常見的“轉(zhuǎn)折”小結(jié)

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(1)一般意義上的“轉(zhuǎn)折”：but, yet, however,nevertheless(nonetheless), though

?????????????首先，我們要注意以上四個(gè)詞當(dāng)表達(dá)“轉(zhuǎn)折”時(shí)的詞性不同。But, yet是連詞，however, nevertheless(nonetheless)和though是副詞。

??????????????其次，這四個(gè)詞的用法和表意也是有差別的。But和yet是連詞，因此其用法應(yīng)該是：A句，but B句. but的“轉(zhuǎn)折”語氣最為強(qiáng)烈。however和nevertheless(nonetheless)是副詞，因此其用法應(yīng)該是：A句. However(Nevertheless/Nonetheless),B句.而though雖然是副詞，不過though的用法卻是常置于句末，即A句. B句, though.

?????????????如：The return isuncertain, but/yet the investment is worth a try.
??????????????????????The return is uncertain. However, the investment is worth a try.
????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????Nevertheless,?the investment is worth a try.
???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????Nonetheless,?the investment is worth a try.

?????????????????????The return is uncertain. The investment is worth a try, though.

(2)表示“對(duì)比”含義的“轉(zhuǎn)折”：

?① while, whereas

?② by(in) contrast, onthe other hand, in comparison, conversely

?????????????首先，第①組的兩個(gè)詞都是連詞，表示含有“對(duì)比”的轉(zhuǎn)折。其用法應(yīng)該是：A句，while/ whereas B句.如：

?????????????American consumers prefer white eggs, while/ whereas British buyers like browneggs.

???????????其次，第②組短語或詞都是副詞性的（短語是副詞性短語），表示含有“對(duì)比”的轉(zhuǎn)折。其用法應(yīng)該是：A句. By contrast( Onthe other hand/ In comparison/ Conversely), B句.

如：

???????????American consumers prefer white eggs. Conversely, British buyers like browneggs.

??????????American consumers prefer white eggs. By(In) contrast, British buyers likebrown eggs.
???????????Americanconsumers prefer white eggs. On the other hand, British buyers like brown eggs.
?????? ?? American consumers preferwhite eggs. In comparison, British buyers like brown eggs.

??????????可見，上面“對(duì)比”的含義是兩個(gè)事物在一個(gè)方面上的對(duì)比。

(3)表示“相反”含義的“轉(zhuǎn)折”：on the contrary, instead

??????????以上的短語或詞都是副詞性的，表示含有“相反”的轉(zhuǎn)折。其用法應(yīng)該是：A句. On thecontrary( Instead), B句.

?????????如：

????????????????He isn’t poor. On the contrary, he is a millionaire.

?????????????????????????????????????????????Instead, he is a millionaire.

?????????顯然，上面所說的“相反”的含義是一個(gè)事物的兩個(gè)相反的方面。

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