主芯片為EFM32WG360F256，使用的SPIflash為W25Q256。
關于SPIflash的驅動部分不再說明。
移植的fatfs為官方的最新版本：http://elm-chan.org/fsw/ff/00index_e.html，Download: FatFs R0.12a | Updates | Latest Patch July 23, 2016
用不到長文件名，直接刪掉源碼的option文件夾下所有文件，接下來開始配置ffconf.h，配置如下：

/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------/ / FatFs - FAT file system module configuration file /---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/#define _FFCONF 80186 /* Revision ID *//*---------------------------------------------------------------------------/ / Function Configurations /---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/#define _FS_READONLY 0 /* This option switches read-only configuration. (0:Read/Write or 1:Read-only) / Read-only configuration removes writing API functions, f_write(), f_sync(), / f_unlink(), f_mkdir(), f_chmod(), f_rename(), f_truncate(), f_getfree() / and optional writing functions as well. */#define _FS_MINIMIZE 0 /* This option defines minimization level to remove some basic API functions. / / 0: All basic functions are enabled. / 1: f_stat(), f_getfree(), f_unlink(), f_mkdir(), f_truncate() and f_rename() / are removed. / 2: f_opendir(), f_readdir() and f_closedir() are removed in addition to 1. / 3: f_lseek() function is removed in addition to 2. */#define _USE_STRFUNC 0 /* This option switches string functions, f_gets(), f_putc(), f_puts() and / f_printf(). / / 0: Disable string functions. / 1: Enable without LF-CRLF conversion. / 2: Enable with LF-CRLF conversion. */#define _USE_FIND 0 /* This option switches filtered directory read functions, f_findfirst() and / f_findnext(). (0:Disable, 1:Enable 2:Enable with matching altname[] too) */#define _USE_MKFS 1 /* This option switches f_mkfs() function. (0:Disable or 1:Enable) */#define _USE_FASTSEEK 0 /* This option switches fast seek function. (0:Disable or 1:Enable) */#define _USE_EXPAND 0 /* This option switches f_expand function. (0:Disable or 1:Enable) */#define _USE_CHMOD 0 /* This option switches attribute manipulation functions, f_chmod() and f_utime(). / (0:Disable or 1:Enable) Also _FS_READONLY needs to be 0 to enable this option. */#define _USE_LABEL 0 /* This option switches volume label functions, f_getlabel() and f_setlabel(). / (0:Disable or 1:Enable) */#define _USE_FORWARD 0 /* This option switches f_forward() function. (0:Disable or 1:Enable) *//*---------------------------------------------------------------------------/ / Locale and Namespace Configurations /---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/#define _CODE_PAGE 936 /* This option specifies the OEM code page to be used on the target system. / Incorrect setting of the code page can cause a file open failure. / / 1 - ASCII (No extended character. Non-LFN cfg. only) / 437 - U.S. / 720 - Arabic / 737 - Greek / 771 - KBL / 775 - Baltic / 850 - Latin 1 / 852 - Latin 2 / 855 - Cyrillic / 857 - Turkish / 860 - Portuguese / 861 - Icelandic / 862 - Hebrew / 863 - Canadian French / 864 - Arabic / 865 - Nordic / 866 - Russian / 869 - Greek 2 / 932 - Japanese (DBCS) / 936 - Simplified Chinese (DBCS) / 949 - Korean (DBCS) / 950 - Traditional Chinese (DBCS) */#define _USE_LFN 0 #define _MAX_LFN 255 /* The _USE_LFN switches the support of long file name (LFN). / / 0: Disable support of LFN. _MAX_LFN has no effect. / 1: Enable LFN with static working buffer on the BSS. Always NOT thread-safe. / 2: Enable LFN with dynamic working buffer on the STACK. / 3: Enable LFN with dynamic working buffer on the HEAP. / / To enable the LFN, Unicode handling functions (option/unicode.c) must be added / to the project. The working buffer occupies (_MAX_LFN + 1) * 2 bytes and / additional 608 bytes at exFAT enabled. _MAX_LFN can be in range from 12 to 255. / It should be set 255 to support full featured LFN operations. / When use stack for the working buffer, take care on stack overflow. When use heap / memory for the working buffer, memory management functions, ff_memalloc() and / ff_memfree(), must be added to the project. */#define _LFN_UNICODE 0 /* This option switches character encoding on the API. (0:ANSI/OEM or 1:UTF-16) / To use Unicode string for the path name, enable LFN and set _LFN_UNICODE = 1. / This option also affects behavior of string I/O functions. */#define _STRF_ENCODE 3 /* When _LFN_UNICODE == 1, this option selects the character encoding ON THE FILE to / be read/written via string I/O functions, f_gets(), f_putc(), f_puts and f_printf(). / / 0: ANSI/OEM / 1: UTF-16LE / 2: UTF-16BE / 3: UTF-8 / / This option has no effect when _LFN_UNICODE == 0. */#define _FS_RPATH 0 /* This option configures support of relative path. / / 0: Disable relative path and remove related functions. / 1: Enable relative path. f_chdir() and f_chdrive() are available. / 2: f_getcwd() function is available in addition to 1. *//*---------------------------------------------------------------------------/ / Drive/Volume Configurations /---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/#define _VOLUMES 1 /* Number of volumes (logical drives) to be used. */#define _STR_VOLUME_ID 0 #define _VOLUME_STRS "RAM","NAND","CF","SD","SD2","USB","USB2","USB3" /* _STR_VOLUME_ID switches string support of volume ID. / When _STR_VOLUME_ID is set to 1, also pre-defined strings can be used as drive / number in the path name. _VOLUME_STRS defines the drive ID strings for each / logical drives. Number of items must be equal to _VOLUMES. Valid characters for / the drive ID strings are: A-Z and 0-9. */#define _MULTI_PARTITION 0 /* This option switches support of multi-partition on a physical drive. / By default (0), each logical drive number is bound to the same physical drive / number and only an FAT volume found on the physical drive will be mounted. / When multi-partition is enabled (1), each logical drive number can be bound to / arbitrary physical drive and partition listed in the VolToPart[]. Also f_fdisk() / funciton will be available. */#define _MIN_SS 512 #define _MAX_SS 512 /* These options configure the range of sector size to be supported. (512, 1024, / 2048 or 4096) Always set both 512 for most systems, all type of memory cards and / harddisk. But a larger value may be required for on-board flash memory and some / type of optical media. When _MAX_SS is larger than _MIN_SS, FatFs is configured / to variable sector size and GET_SECTOR_SIZE command must be implemented to the / disk_ioctl() function. */#define _USE_TRIM 0 /* This option switches support of ATA-TRIM. (0:Disable or 1:Enable) / To enable Trim function, also CTRL_TRIM command should be implemented to the / disk_ioctl() function. */#define _FS_NOFSINFO 0 /* If you need to know correct free space on the FAT32 volume, set bit 0 of this / option, and f_getfree() function at first time after volume mount will force / a full FAT scan. Bit 1 controls the use of last allocated cluster number. / / bit0=0: Use free cluster count in the FSINFO if available. / bit0=1: Do not trust free cluster count in the FSINFO. / bit1=0: Use last allocated cluster number in the FSINFO if available. / bit1=1: Do not trust last allocated cluster number in the FSINFO. *//*---------------------------------------------------------------------------/ / System Configurations /---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/#define _FS_TINY 1 /* This option switches tiny buffer configuration. (0:Normal or 1:Tiny) / At the tiny configuration, size of the file object (FIL) is reduced _MAX_SS bytes. / Instead of private sector buffer eliminated from the file object, common sector / buffer in the file system object (FATFS) is used for the file data transfer. */#define _FS_EXFAT 0 /* This option switches support of exFAT file system in addition to the traditional / FAT file system. (0:Disable or 1:Enable) To enable exFAT, also LFN must be enabled. / Note that enabling exFAT discards C89 compatibility. */#define _FS_NORTC 1 #define _NORTC_MON 1 #define _NORTC_MDAY 1 #define _NORTC_YEAR 2016 /* The option _FS_NORTC switches timestamp functiton. If the system does not have / any RTC function or valid timestamp is not needed, set _FS_NORTC = 1 to disable / the timestamp function. All objects modified by FatFs will have a fixed timestamp / defined by _NORTC_MON, _NORTC_MDAY and _NORTC_YEAR in local time. / To enable timestamp function (_FS_NORTC = 0), get_fattime() function need to be / added to the project to get current time form real-time clock. _NORTC_MON, / _NORTC_MDAY and _NORTC_YEAR have no effect. / These options have no effect at read-only configuration (_FS_READONLY = 1). */#define _FS_LOCK 0 /* The option _FS_LOCK switches file lock function to control duplicated file open / and illegal operation to open objects. This option must be 0 when _FS_READONLY / is 1. / / 0: Disable file lock function. To avoid volume corruption, application program / should avoid illegal open, remove and rename to the open objects. / >0: Enable file lock function. The value defines how many files/sub-directories / can be opened simultaneously under file lock control. Note that the file / lock control is independent of re-entrancy. */#define _FS_REENTRANT 0 #define _FS_TIMEOUT 1000 #define _SYNC_t HANDLE /* The option _FS_REENTRANT switches the re-entrancy (thread safe) of the FatFs / module itself. Note that regardless of this option, file access to different / volume is always re-entrant and volume control functions, f_mount(), f_mkfs() / and f_fdisk() function, are always not re-entrant. Only file/directory access / to the same volume is under control of this function. / / 0: Disable re-entrancy. _FS_TIMEOUT and _SYNC_t have no effect. / 1: Enable re-entrancy. Also user provided synchronization handlers, / ff_req_grant(), ff_rel_grant(), ff_del_syncobj() and ff_cre_syncobj() / function, must be added to the project. Samples are available in / option/syscall.c. / / The _FS_TIMEOUT defines timeout period in unit of time tick. / The _SYNC_t defines O/S dependent sync object type. e.g. HANDLE, ID, OS_EVENT*, / SemaphoreHandle_t and etc.. A header file for O/S definitions needs to be / included somewhere in the scope of ff.c. *//*--- End of configuration options ---*/

配置為TINY精簡模式。之后開始完善diskio.c的底層接口函數，代碼如下：

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Low level disk I/O module skeleton for FatFs (C)ChaN, 2016 */ /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* If a working storage control module is available, it should be */ /* attached to the FatFs via a glue function rather than modifying it. */ /* This is an example of glue functions to attach various exsisting */ /* storage control modules to the FatFs module with a defined API. */ /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/#include "diskio.h" /* FatFs lower layer API */ #include "bsp_gps.h"/* Definitions of physical drive number for each drive */ #define EX_FLASH 0 //外部flash,卷標為0#define FLASH_SECTOR_SIZE 4096 #define FLASH_BLOCK_SIZE 16 //每個BLOCK有16個扇區 #define FLASH_SECTOR_NUM (32*1024*1024)//flash的總容量/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Get Drive Status */ /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ //獲得磁盤狀態 DSTATUS disk_status (BYTE pdrv /* Physical drive nmuber (0..) */ ) {return 0; }/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Inidialize a Drive */ /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ //初始化磁盤 DSTATUS disk_initialize (BYTE pdrv /* Physical drive nmuber (0..) */ ) {BYTE res=0;switch(pdrv){case EX_FLASH://外部flashW25QXX_Init();break;default:res=1;}if(res)return STA_NOINIT;else return 0; //初始化成功 }/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Read Sector(s) */ /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ //讀扇區 //drv:磁盤編號0~9 //*buff:數據接收緩沖首地址 //sector:扇區地址 //count:需要讀取的扇區數 DRESULT disk_read (BYTE pdrv, /* Physical drive nmuber (0..) */BYTE *buff, /* Data buffer to store read data */DWORD sector, /* Sector address (LBA) */UINT count /* Number of sectors to read (1..128) */ ) {BYTE res=0;if (!count)return RES_PARERR;//count不能等于0，否則返回參數錯誤switch(pdrv){case EX_FLASH://外部flashfor(;count>0;count--){W25QXX_Read(buff,sector*FLASH_SECTOR_SIZE,FLASH_SECTOR_SIZE);sector++;buff+=FLASH_SECTOR_SIZE;}res=0;break;default:res=1;}//處理返回值，將SPI_SD_driver.c的返回值轉成ff.c的返回值if(res==0x00)return RES_OK;else return RES_ERROR; }/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Write Sector(s) */ /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ //寫扇區 //drv:磁盤編號0~9 //*buff:發送數據首地址 //sector:扇區地址 //count:需要寫入的扇區數 DRESULT disk_write (BYTE pdrv, /* Physical drive nmuber (0..) */const BYTE *buff, /* Data to be written */DWORD sector, /* Sector address (LBA) */UINT count /* Number of sectors to write (1..128) */ ) {BYTE res=0;if (!count)return RES_PARERR;//count不能等于0，否則返回參數錯誤switch(pdrv){case EX_FLASH://外部flashfor(;count>0;count--){W25QXX_Write((BYTE*)buff,sector*FLASH_SECTOR_SIZE,FLASH_SECTOR_SIZE);sector++;buff+=FLASH_SECTOR_SIZE;}res=0;break;default:res=1;}//處理返回值，將SPI_SD_driver.c的返回值轉成ff.c的返回值if(res == 0x00)return RES_OK;else return RES_ERROR; }/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Miscellaneous Functions */ /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ //其他表參數的獲得//drv:磁盤編號0~9//ctrl:控制代碼//*buff:發送/接收緩沖區指針 DRESULT disk_ioctl (BYTE pdrv, /* Physical drive nmuber (0..) */BYTE cmd, /* Control code */void *buff /* Buffer to send/receive control data */ ) {DRESULT res;if(pdrv==EX_FLASH) //外部FLASH{switch(cmd){case CTRL_SYNC:res = RES_OK;break;case GET_SECTOR_SIZE:*(WORD*)buff = FLASH_SECTOR_SIZE;res = RES_OK;break;case GET_BLOCK_SIZE:*(WORD*)buff = FLASH_BLOCK_SIZE;res = RES_OK;break;case GET_SECTOR_COUNT:*(DWORD*)buff = FLASH_SECTOR_NUM;res = RES_OK;break;default:res = RES_PARERR;break;}}else res=RES_ERROR;//其他的不支持return res; }//獲得時間 //User defined function to give a current time to fatfs module */ //31-25: Year(0-127 org.1980), 24-21: Month(1-12), 20-16: Day(1-31) */ //15-11: Hour(0-23), 10-5: Minute(0-59), 4-0: Second(0-29 *2) */ DWORD get_fattime (void) {u32 time=0;if((pGPS_Data.Year+2000)<1980)return 0;time=(pGPS_Data.Year+2000-1980)<<25;//年份time|=(pGPS_Data.Mouth)<<21; //月份time|=(pGPS_Data.Day)<<16; //日期time|=(pGPS_Data.Hour)<<11; //時time|=(pGPS_Data.Min)<<5; //分time|=(pGPS_Data.Sec/2); //秒return time; }

將spiflash的讀寫函數嵌入fatfs的讀寫函數中，用GPS的全局時間結構體作為fatfs的時間，之后編寫一個fatfs的初始化函數：

//fatfs初始化函數，檢測無文件系統的時候會自動格式化 //成功返回剩余容量(一個0~1之間的小數)，失敗返回0 FATFS FatFs; float fatfs_init(void) {FRESULT res; /* FatFs return code */DWORD fre_clust, fre_sect, tot_sect;BYTE line[512];//檢查SPI FLASH的文件系統f_mount(&FatFs, "0:", 0); //掛載FLASH.//W25Q256檢測,如果不存在文件系統,則先創建.res=f_getfree("0:", &fre_clust, &FatFs);//得到FLASH剩余容量和總容量/* Get total sectors and free sectors */tot_sect = (FatFs.n_fatent - 2) * FatFs.csize;fre_sect = fre_clust * FatFs.csize;if(res == FR_NO_FILESYSTEM)//文件系統不存在{res=f_mkfs("0:", FM_FAT32, 0, line, sizeof line);//格式化FLASHif(res==FR_OK){res=f_getfree("0:", &fre_clust, &FatFs);//重新獲取容量/* Get total sectors and free sectors */tot_sect = (FatFs.n_fatent - 2) * FatFs.csize;fre_sect = fre_clust * FatFs.csize;}}if(res==FR_OK)//得到FLASH卡剩余容量和總容量return ((float)fre_sect/(float)tot_sect);elsereturn 0; }

編寫一個fatfs 的測試函數：

void fatfs_text (void) {printf("Flash text begin...\r\n");FIL fil; /* File object */UINT bw;UINT br;BYTE buff[64];FRESULT fr; /* FatFs return code */float fre_sect;f_mount(&FatFs, "0:", 0); //掛載FLASH./* Open a text file */fr = f_open(&fil, "0:text.txt", FA_OPEN_ALWAYS|FA_READ|FA_WRITE);printf ("open fill is %d\r\n",fr);/* write str in to the file */sprintf (buff,"%2d%2d%2d %2d%2d%2d %2d %2d\r\n",pGPS_Data.Year,pGPS_Data.Mouth,pGPS_Data.Day,pGPS_Data.Hour,pGPS_Data.Min,pGPS_Data.Sec,pGPS_Data.sum_satellite,pGPS_Data.PUBX_data.num);fr = f_write(&fil,buff,64,&bw);printf ("write fill is %d\r\n",fr);/* Pointer to */fr = f_lseek(&fil,0);printf (buff,"lseek fill is %d\r\n",fr);/* read str from the file */BYTE data[64] = "no data!\r\n";fr = f_read(&fil,data,64,&br);printf (data);printf ("read fill is %d\r\n",fr);/* Close the file */f_close(&fil);fre_sect = fatfs_init();printf ("free sectors is %d.0\r\n",(WORD)(fre_sect*100));printf ("Finish.\r\n"); }

測試函數將一個動態的GPS數據打印出來，每次調用這個測試函數應該會提示不一樣的數據，測試打印結果如下所示：

---

open fill is 0
write fill is 0
lseek fill is 0
16 8 8 11211 0 12
read fill is 0
free sectors is 99.0
Finish.

---

0代表運行成功，創建text.txt，將GPS的數據寫入文件，并讀取從串口打印出來。至此fatfs的移植測試成功完成。

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