極客時(shí)間和極客學(xué)院

Every week we bring you interesting trivia and milestones from the archives of Geekdom. Today we’re taking a peek at the birth of Twitter, ten years of Mac OS X, and the longest space stay in history.

每周，我們都會(huì)為您帶來有趣的瑣事和Geekdom檔案庫中的里程碑。 今天，我們來看看Twitter的誕生，Mac OS X的十年發(fā)展以及歷史上最長的停留時(shí)間。

Twitter五歲了 (Twitter Turns Five)

Twitter officially launched in July of 2006, but the first tweet went out on March 21, 2006 when Twitter chairman Jack Dorsey sent out the first tweet, “just setting up my twttr”. Initially the reaction to Twitter was lukewarm and the service received heavy criticism multiple fronts as being frivolous and downright useless; jokes about people tweeting what they were eating and consequently excreting abounded. While Twitter has never quite shook off that criticism (and in fairness, a significant number of tweets are painfully banal) it has grown to become a big player in the dispersal of real time information. When dictators feel the need to block your service because too many people are using it to transmit real time updates to the outside world, you know you’re doing things right.

Twitter于2006年7月正式啟動(dòng)，但第一條推文于2006年3月21日發(fā)布，當(dāng)時(shí)Twitter董事長杰克·多爾西(Jack Dorsey)發(fā)送了第一條推文，“只是設(shè)置了我的twttr”。 最初，對Twitter的React是冷淡的，該服務(wù)因輕浮和徹頭徹尾的無用而受到了廣泛的批評。 人們在推特上吃他們的東西，然后大量地排泄，這開玩笑。 盡管Twitter從未完全擺脫這種批評(公平地說，相當(dāng)多的推文令人痛苦地平庸)，但它已成為散布實(shí)時(shí)信息的重要參與者。 當(dāng)獨(dú)裁者由于太多人正在使用它來向外界發(fā)送實(shí)時(shí)更新而感到需要阻止您的服務(wù)時(shí)，您就知道您做的很好。

Mac OS X十周年 (10th Anniversary of Mac OS X)

On March 24, 2001 Apple released the 10th iteration of their Mac OS, dubbed Mac OS X. It was the first release to use a Roman numeral in place of an Arabic number and it would retain the X designation through five major upgrades. OS X was a sweeping upgrade from prior Mac OS versions and included more effective multitasking, memory protection, and a layered architecture for more efficient and stable execution of code. The most visible change was the introduction of the Aqua theme which, with it’s soft edges and translucent colors, is one of the most recognizable aspects of the OS X experience. You can read more about OS X and the changes between versions here.

2001年3月24日，Apple發(fā)布了Mac OS的第十版，稱為Mac OSX 。 這是第一個(gè)使用羅馬數(shù)字代替阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字的版本，它將通過五個(gè)主要升級(jí)保留X名稱。 OS X是Mac OS以前版本的全面升級(jí)，包括更有效的多任務(wù)處理，內(nèi)存保護(hù)和分層體系結(jié)構(gòu)，可更高效，更穩(wěn)定地執(zhí)行代碼。 最明顯的變化是引入了Aqua主題，該主題具有柔和的邊緣和半透明的顏色，是OS X體驗(yàn)中最可識(shí)別的方面之一。 您可以在此處閱讀有關(guān)OS X以及版本之間的更改的更多信息。

最長的太空停留結(jié)束 (Longest Space Stay Comes to an End)

On March 22, 1995 Russian Cosmonaut Valeri Polyakov returns to Earth after an amazing 437 days in space aboard the Mir space station. Not only had Polyakov set a record for the longest uninterrupted stay in space but over all he has spent more time in space than any other person (almost two years in total). His stay aboard Mir was closely monitored and scientists were eager to study him when he returned. Polyakov had volunteered for the extended stay to show that the human body was capable of surviving the extended time in space required to get from Earth to Mars. Astonishingly, despite being in zero gravity for over a year he was able to walk out of his space capsule upon landing on Earth thanks to his daily workout routine aboard the station and adequate nutrition.

1995年3月22日，俄羅斯宇航員瓦列里·波利亞科夫(Valeri Polyakov)在和平號(hào)空間站上飛行了437天后，回到了地球。 Polyakov不僅創(chuàng)造了最長的不間斷太空停留記錄，而且總的來說，他在太空停留的時(shí)間比其他任何人都多(總計(jì)近兩年)。 他在Mir船上的逗留受到嚴(yán)密監(jiān)視，當(dāng)他返回時(shí)，科學(xué)家渴望研究他。 波利亞科夫自愿延長逗留時(shí)間，以證明人體有能力在從地球到火星的太空停留中生存。 令人驚訝的是，盡管他在零重力環(huán)境下工作了一年多，但由于他每天在站上鍛煉，并有足夠的營養(yǎng)，因此能夠在著陸時(shí)走出太空艙。

極客歷史上本周其他值得注意的時(shí)刻 (Other Notable Moments from This Week in Geek History)

Although we only shine the spotlight on three interesting facts a week in our Geek History column, that doesn’t mean we don’t have space to highlight a few more in passing. This week in Geek History:

盡管我們每周在《極客歷史》專欄中僅關(guān)注三個(gè)有趣的事實(shí)，但這并不意味著我們沒有足夠的空間來強(qiáng)調(diào)更多的動(dòng)態(tài)。 本周極客歷史：

• 1905—March 24, Death of Science fiction icon Jules Verne.
  1905年3月24日，科幻小說之死朱爾斯·凡爾納。
• 1916—March 20, Albert Einstein publishes the General Theory of Relativity.
  1916年3月20日，愛因斯坦(Albert Einstein)發(fā)表了廣義相對論。
• 1931—March 22, Birth of William Shatner, made famous by his role as Captain Kirk.
  1931年3月22日，威廉·沙特納(William Shatner)出生，以柯克上尉的角色而聞名。
• 1931—March 26, Birth of Leonard Nimoy, made famous by his role as Spock.
  1931年3月26日，倫納德·尼莫伊(Leonard Nimoy)出生，以斯波克(Spock)的角色而聞名。
• 1995—March 22, Sci-Fi show Sliders premiers on Fox.
  1995年-3月22日，科幻節(jié)目Sliders在Fox上首映。
• 2005—March 24, Sony releases the Playstation Portable in the US.
  2005年-3月24日，索尼在美國發(fā)布了Playstation Portable。

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Have an interesting bit of geek trivia to share? Shoot us an email to tips@howtogeek.com with “history” in the subject line and we’ll be sure to add it to our list of trivia.

有一些有趣的怪胎瑣事可以分享嗎？ 向我們發(fā)送電子郵件至tips@howtogeek.com ，主題行中包含“歷史記錄”，我們將確保將其添加到瑣事列表中。

翻譯自: https://www.howtogeek.com/56913/this-week-in-geek-history-birth-of-twitter-10th-anniversary-of-os-x-and-the-longest-space-stay-comes-to-an-end/

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