cacti及其相关插件的安装
cacti是什么？
1. cacti是用php語言實現的一個軟件，它的主要功能是用snmp服務獲取數據，然后用rrdtool儲存和更新數據，當用戶需要查看數據的時候用rrdtool生成圖表呈現給用戶。因此，snmp和rrdtool是cacti的關鍵。Snmp關系著數據的收集，rrdtool關系著數據存儲和圖表的生成。
2. Mysql配合PHP程序存儲一些變量數據并對變量數據進行調用，如：主機名、主機ip、snmp團體名、端口號、模板信息等變量。
3. snmp抓到數據不是存儲在mysql中，而是存在rrdtool生成的rrd文件中（在cacti根目錄的rra文件夾下）。rrdtool對數據的更新和存儲就是對rrd文件的處理，rrd文件是大小固定的檔案文件（Round Robin Archive），它能夠存儲的數據筆數在創建時就已經定義。
cacti的工作流程可以用下圖表示：
cacti的安裝：
配置本地yum
[root@cacti ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/rhel-debuginfo.repo
[rhel-Server]
name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server
baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom/Server
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///mnt/cdrom/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release
[root@cacti ~]# mkdir /mnt/cdrom
[root@cacti ~]# mount /dev/cdrom/mnt/cdrom/
mount: block device /dev/cdrom iswrite-protected, mounting read-only
[root@cacti ~]# yum install httpd php php-mysql php-snmp mysql-serverperl-DBD-MySQL php-pdo net-snmp net-snmp-libs net-snmp-utils net-snmp-develruby –y
[root@cacti ~]# service httpd start
[root@cacti ~]# chkconfig httpd on
[root@cacti ~]# service mysqld start
[root@cacti ~]# chkconfig mysqld on
[root@cacti ~]# mysqladmin -u root -ppassword '123'
[root@cacti ~]# mysql -u root –p
mysql> CREATE DATABASE cacti;
mysql> grant all privileges on cacti.* to cacti@localhostidentified by 'cacti';
mysql> grant all privileges on cacti.* to cacti@127.0.0.1identified by 'cacti';
mysql> grant all privileges on cacti.* tocacti@192.168.2.0 identified by 'cacti';
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> quit
上傳需要用的軟件
軟件資料下載地址http://down.51cto.com/data/994246
cacti-0.8.7g.tar.gz cacti的主程序
cacti-plugin-0.8.7g-PA-v2.8.tar.gz 插件管理器
feition.tar.bz2 用于飛信報警的程序
monitor-latest.tgz 實現只管監測的插件
sendMsg.zip 發送MSN消息的應用
settings-latest.tgz 增強功能的插件，例如發送電子郵件
thold-latest.tgz 實現達到預值告警的插件
[root@cacti software]# yum localinstallrrdtool* --nogpgcheck –y
安裝cacti的主程序
[root@cacti software]# tar -zxvf cacti-0.8.7g.tar.gz -C /var/www/html/
[root@cacti software]# cd /var/www/html/
[root@cacti html]# mv cacti-0.8.7g/ cacti
[root@cacti html]# service snmpd start
[root@cacti html]# chkconfig snmpd on
[root@cacti html]# vim /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf
添加一行view systemview included .1.3.6.1.2.1.25.1.6 /使能監控tcp流量
編輯計劃任務
[root@cacti html]# crontab -e
*/5 * * * * php/var/www/html/cacti/poller.php >/dev/null 2>&1
導入數據庫
[root@cacti html]# mysql -u root -p cacti</var/www/html/cacti/cacti.sql
輸入mysql管理員口令
編輯cacti連接數據庫的文件
[root@cacti html]# vim cacti/include/config.php
29 $database_username = "cacti";
30 $database_password = "cacti";
新建一個用戶cacti，口令也為cacti
[root@cacti html]# useradd cacti
[root@cacti html]# passwd cacti
[root@cacti html]# cd cacti/
[root@cacti cacti]# chown -R cacti rra log
此時就可以通過頁面登錄cacti了，用戶和口令都為admin
實現對apache的監控
[root@cacti software]# cd ApacheStats_0.8.2/
[root@cacti ApacheStats_0.8.2]#ll
total 116
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 102879 Oct 27 18:51 cacti_host_template_webserver_-_apache.xml
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4108 Oct 27 18:51 ss_apache_stats.php
[root@cacti ApacheStats_0.8.2]#cp ss_apache_stats.php /var/www/html/cacti/scripts/
[root@cacti ApacheStats_0.8.2]#chown 1000:users /var/www/html/cacti/scripts/ss_apache_stats.php
cacti_host_template_webserver_-_apache.xml 為下面要導入的模版文件
通過控制臺導入模版
修改apache的配置文件
[root@cacti ApacheStats_0.8.2]#cd
[root@cacti ~]# vim/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
217 ExtendedStatus On /打開這一行
903 #<Location /server-status>
904 # SetHandler server-status
905 # Order deny,allow
906 # Deny from all
907 # Allow from .example.com
908 #</Location>
909 <Location /server-status>
910 SetHandler server-status
911 Order deny,allow
912 Deny from all
913 Allow from all
914 </Location>
將apache重啟
[root@cacti ~]# service httpd restart
在安裝插件之前要先安裝插件管理器
[root@cacti cacti]# cd /root/software/
[root@cacti software]# tar -zxvf cacti-plugin-0.8.7g-PA-v2.8.tar.gz
[root@cacti software]# cp -R cacti-plugin-arch/* /var/www/html/cacti/
[root@cacti software]# cd /var/www/html/cacti/
[root@cacti cacti]# mysql -u root -pcacti<pa.sql
[root@cacti cacti]# patch -p1 -N<cacti-plugin-0.8.7g-PA-v2.8.diff
[root@cacti cacti]# vim include/config.php
42 $url_path = "/cacti/"; /修改這一行的路徑
安裝插件
[root@cacti cacti]# cd /root/software/
[root@cacti software]# tar -zxvf monitor-latest.tgz
[root@cacti software]# tar -zxvf settings-latest.tgz
[root@cacti software]# tar -zxvf thold-latest.tgz
[root@cacti software]# mv monitor-0.9/ /var/www/html/cacti/plugins/monitor
[root@cacti software]# mv settings-0.6/ /var/www/html/cacti/plugins/settings
[root@cacti software]# mv thold-0.41/ /var/www/html/cacti/plugins/thold
在控制臺啟用插件
配置支持發送msn消息
[root@cacti software]# unzip sendMsg.zip
[root@cacti software]# mv sendMsg/ var/www/html/
[root@cacti software]# vim /var/www/html/cacti/plugins/thold/thold_functions.php
添加下面這兩行
560 exec("echo $subject>>/var/www/html/cacti/plugins/thold/alert.log");
561 exec("sh /var/www/html/cacti/plugins/thold/sendmessage.sh");
編寫個sendmessage.sh腳本，在/var/www/html/cacti/plugins/thold/這個目錄下（實現自動發送）
[root@cacti software]# vim /var/www/html/cacti/plugins/thold/sendmessage.sh
腳本內容
#!/bin/sh
echo `echo -n"date:"&&date +%Y-%m-%d-%H:%M` >>/var/www/html/sendMsg/msn.txt.1
cat /var/www/html/cacti/plugins/thold/alert.log>>/var/www/html/sendMsg/msn.txt.1
now=`date +%Y-%m-%d-%H:%M`
SA=(test)
msnaddr=(接收信息的帳號)
sendMsg()
{
num=0
while [ $num -lt 1 ];
do
wget ?post-data"sender=發送信息的帳號&password=密碼&recipient=${1}&message=${2}"http://127.0.0.1/sendMsg/index.php -O /var/www/html/sendMsg/index.php.1>/dev/null 2>&1
if [ -f /var/www/html/sendMsg/index.php.1]; then
if cat /var/www/html/sendMsg/index.php.1|grep -i successfully >/dev/null 2>&1;then
num=1
elif cat /var/www/html/sendMsg/index.php.1|grep -i "The user appears to be offline" >/dev/null2>&1;then
num=1
echo "The user is offline."
exit 0
elif cat /var/www/html/sendMsg/index.php.1 |grep-i "Something went wrong trying to connect to the server">/dev/null 2>&1;then
num=1
echo "MSN server is online."
exit 0
else
num=0
fi
rm -f /var/www/html/sendMsg/index.php.1
else
num=0
fi
done
}
mv /var/www/html/sendMsg/msn.txt/var/www/html/sendMsg/bak/msn$now.txt -f 1>/dev/null 2>&1
mv /var/www/html/sendMsg/msn.txt.1/var/www/html/sendMsg/msn.txt -f 1>/dev/null 2>&1
rm /var/www/html/cacti/plugins/thold/alert.log -f 1>/dev/null 2>&1
for i in 0
do
if cat /var/www/html/sendMsg/msn.txt ; then
messages=`cat /var/www/html/sendMsg/msn.txt`
sendMsg "${msnaddr[$i]}""$messages"
else
continue
fi
done
配置支持飛信報警
[root@cacti software]# tar -jxvf feition.tar.bz2
[root@cacti software]# mkdir -pv /var/www/html/sendsms/linuxso
[root@cacti software]# cp linuxso_20101113/* /lib/
[root@cacti software]# mv linuxso_20101113/* /var/www/html/sendsms/linuxso/
[root@cacti software]# vim /var/www/html/cacti/plugins/thold/thold_functions.php
添加這兩行
562 exec("echo $subject>>/var/www/html/cacti/plugins/thold/alert.log");
563 exec("/var/www/html/cacti/plugins/thold/sendsms.sh");
[root@cacti software]# vim /var/www/html/cacti/plugins/thold/sendsms.sh
#!/bin/sh
#send sms by fetion
#Write by pingsun2010@hotmail.com
if [ ! -e"/var/www/html/cacti/plugins/thold/alert.log" ];then
echo "Usage:alert.log does notexist"
exit
fi
if [ -n "`cat/var/www/html/cacti/plugins/thold/alert.log`" ]; then
admin="接收信息的帳號?
echo "sms $admin "`cat /var/www/html/cacti/plugins/thold/alert.log`>>/var/www/html/cacti/plugins/thold/sms.txt
echo "exit" >>/var/www/html/cacti/plugins/thold/sms.txt
else
echo "Usage:no alert"
exit
fi
if [ -n "`cat/var/www/html/cacti/plugins/thold/sms.txt`" ] ;then LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/var/www/html/sendsms/linuxso/var/www/html/sendsms/linuxso/fetion --mobile=發送信息的賬戶 --pwd=密碼 --to=$admin --file-utf8=/var/www/html/cacti/plugins/thold/sms.txt
rm -f /var/www/html/cacti/plugins/thold/sms.txt 1>/dev/null 2>&1
rm -f /var/www/html/cacti/plugins/thold/alert.log 1>/dev/null 2>&1
else
echo "Usgae:no message to send"
exit
fi
[root@cacti thold]# chmod a+x send*
給新建的腳本添加可執行權限
vim /var/www/html/cacti/plugins/thold/alert.log
隨便寫點兒內容，當飛信程序執行的時候會自動刪除里面的內容
可以新建alert.log以及sms.txt,其中在alert.log中添加一個內容。然后手工運行腳本進行測試，需要保證本機能正常接入互聯網。
目前cacti的環境已經搭建完成，cacti的使用還需要好好學習……
轉載于:https://blog.51cto.com/pjp5945/1317410
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