lynda ux

I often get asked “What is the right path I should take to get into UX?” and more often than not, I do not have a direct answer. I usually ask a lot of questions about their background, before assessing their current skills with the things they like and what interested them in UX with my own knowledge in the industry. Then I give them an answer that is personalized to that person. However, the more I get these questions from strangers, the weirder it feels. It feels more like I am interviewing them for the job on the spot. They also seem confused, as if they wanted a simple response, and I, unfortunately, do not have one to give them. But I continue to ask the questions and occupy their time for the next ten minutes because giving them an evaluation on how to get into the industry is much better than my honest response.

我經(jīng)常被問(wèn)到“ 進(jìn)入U(xiǎn)X應(yīng)該走什么正確的道路？ ”而且我常常沒(méi)有直接答案。 我通常會(huì)問(wèn)很多關(guān)于他們的背景的問(wèn)題，然后再根據(jù)自己的專(zhuān)業(yè)知識(shí)評(píng)估他們當(dāng)前的技能，以及他們對(duì)UX感興趣的東西。 然后，我給他們一個(gè)針對(duì)該人的個(gè)性化答案。 但是，我越是從陌生人那里得到這些問(wèn)題，那感覺(jué)就越怪異。 感覺(jué)就像我正在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)采訪他們以找工作。 他們似乎也很困惑，好像他們想要一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的答復(fù)一樣，不幸的是，我沒(méi)有人給他們答復(fù)。 但是我繼續(xù)問(wèn)這些問(wèn)題，并在接下來(lái)的十分鐘里花時(shí)間，因?yàn)榻o他們一個(gè)關(guān)于如何進(jìn)入該行業(yè)的評(píng)估比我誠(chéng)實(shí)的回答要好得多。

But, If I had to answer in complete honesty, I would say:

但是，如果我必須完全誠(chéng)實(shí)地回答，我會(huì)說(shuō)：

There is no defined track on how to get into UX.

沒(méi)有關(guān)于如何進(jìn)入U(xiǎn)X的明確軌道。

I have met people from all sorts of backgrounds and career paths and degrees happily working in user experience. UX is a pretty new career path. Colleges are still trying to create robust, accurate curriculums to match the growing demand of UX designers.

我遇到了來(lái)自各種背景，職業(yè)道路和學(xué)位的人們，他們?cè)谟脩?hù)體驗(yàn)方面很高興。 UX是一條相當(dāng)新的職業(yè)道路。 高校仍在努力創(chuàng)建健壯，準(zhǔn)確的課程，以適應(yīng)用戶(hù)體驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)師不斷增長(zhǎng)的需求。

When I went to school, UX was just becoming a thing. I remember going to my guidance counselor and saying “What does UX and UI mean? What’s the difference?” he asked me “What do you mean?” And, since I didn't know how to explain it well, I told him that I saw an article about it online being the best new design track. He was curious so he asked me to pull the article up on my phone. We both looked at the article in confusion before we both gave up. And to make the story more fun, this was 2015 at a top design school.

當(dāng)我上學(xué)時(shí)，UX只是一種東西。 我記得去咨詢(xún)指導(dǎo)老師時(shí)說(shuō)過(guò)：“ UX和UI意味著什么？ 有什么不同？” 他問(wèn)我“你是什么意思？” 而且，由于我不知道如何很好地解釋它，所以我告訴他，我在網(wǎng)上看到有關(guān)它的文章是最好的新設(shè)計(jì)軌道。 他很好奇，所以他要我把這篇文章放在我的手機(jī)上。 在我們都放棄之前，我們都困惑地看了這篇文章。 為了使故事更有趣，這是一所頂級(jí)設(shè)計(jì)學(xué)校的2015年。

But here we are.

但是我們到了。

I came from a graphic design background. But, I have worked with people who have backgrounds in; development, teaching, psychology, biological research, journalism, music producing, farming, construction, pest control, sports, and industrial design.

我來(lái)自圖形設(shè)計(jì)背景。 但是，我與有背景的人一起工作過(guò)。 開(kāi)發(fā)，教學(xué)，心理學(xué)，生物學(xué)研究，新聞學(xué)，音樂(lè)制作，農(nóng)業(yè)，建筑，害蟲(chóng)防治，運(yùn)動(dòng)和工業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)。

And I don’t blame them. UX is a lot of fun and its super unique. Combining design and art with research and data and human psychology is such an exciting unique combination that I am surprised there are not more UX designers at every company.

而且我不怪他們。 UX非常有趣，而且超級(jí)獨(dú)特。 將設(shè)計(jì)和藝術(shù)與研究，數(shù)據(jù)和人類(lèi)心理相結(jié)合是一種令人興奮的獨(dú)特組合，令我感到驚訝的是，每家公司都沒(méi)有更多的UX設(shè)計(jì)師。

Whatever background you are in, there is a place for you in the UX world. There are lots of UX roles that I will do another article about later. But here are a few skills you might want to brush up on before applying to a UX position

無(wú)論您所處的背景如何，在UX世界中都可以找到適合您的地方。 我將在以后的另一篇文章中介紹很多UX角色。 但是，在申請(qǐng)UX職位之前，您可能需要掌握一些技巧。

碼 (Code)

Just a basic knowledge of code will do! Can you change the color? Great. You do not need to know how to develop an entire website by yourself. I get asked this a lot. I have worked with a total of two people in my 7 years in UX that knew how to code well enough to make a website from scratch.

只需具備基本的代碼知識(shí)即可！ 你能改變顏色嗎？ 大。 您不需要知道如何自己開(kāi)發(fā)整個(gè)網(wǎng)站。 我被問(wèn)了很多。 在UX的7年中，我與兩個(gè)人共事，他們知道如何編寫(xiě)足夠好代碼以從頭開(kāi)始創(chuàng)建網(wǎng)站。

I myself took one code class in college and called it quits after that. The knowledge I took from that class is pretty simple; what a line of code looks like, what do each part of the line of code mean, what part of the code do you need to use to find an issue, how do you change a color, add text, add an image or create a navigation menu. That is the extent of my code knowledge, but it is enough to help me understand what I can and cannot push the development team to do.

我本人在大學(xué)里上了一門(mén)代碼課，然后就說(shuō)退出了。 我從那堂課中學(xué)到的知識(shí)很簡(jiǎn)單； 代碼行是什么樣的，代碼行的每個(gè)部分是什么意思，發(fā)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題需要使用代碼的哪一部分，如何更改顏色，添加文本，添加圖像或創(chuàng)建代碼導(dǎo)航菜單。 那就是我的代碼知識(shí)的程度，但這足以幫助我理解我能夠做什么和不能推動(dòng)開(kāi)發(fā)團(tuán)隊(duì)去做。

It's enough to call BS when they say they can’t change color. Its enough to know that if I add a crazy interaction that it’s might take longer than one sprint because if I can’t look up the code online somewhere, and copy and paste it into the software, then they can’t either and it's going to take a lot of time to make. That is the important element of knowing code, being able to understand the limitations of your team.

當(dāng)他們說(shuō)他們不能改變顏色時(shí)，只要呼叫BS就足夠了。 足以知道，如果我添加了一個(gè)瘋狂的交互操作，則可能需要花費(fèi)比一個(gè)沖刺更長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間，因?yàn)槿绻覠o(wú)法在某個(gè)地方在線查找代碼并將其復(fù)制并粘貼到軟件中，那么他們也將無(wú)法完成，需要很多時(shí)間來(lái)制作。 這是了解代碼的重要元素，能夠理解團(tuán)隊(duì)的局限性。

If you know more than basic code, that's awesome! That can open some more doors for you to have that skill under your belt. You might be able to help the development team more closely with issues or be able to translate issues to your not so tech-savvy teammates. The knowledge also comes in handy when making prototypes. A lot of the prototyping software uses code to create interactions. Having that knowledge will help you add cool interactions to your prototypes!

如果您不僅僅了解基本代碼，那就太棒了！ 這可以為您打開(kāi)更多的門(mén)，讓您掌握自己的技能。 您也許可以幫助開(kāi)發(fā)團(tuán)隊(duì)更緊密地解決問(wèn)題，或者可以將問(wèn)題轉(zhuǎn)嫁給不那么精通技術(shù)的團(tuán)隊(duì)成員。 制作原型時(shí)，這些知識(shí)也很方便。 許多原型軟件使用代碼來(lái)創(chuàng)建交互。 掌握這些知識(shí)將幫助您為原型添加有趣的交互！

But again, being able to have advanced code knowledge is not a must-have.

但同樣，具有高級(jí)代碼知識(shí)不是必須的。

設(shè)計(jì) (Design)

you will most likely need a portfolio if you are going to go into UX design. If you become a UX researcher, UX copywriter, Journey-mapper, or project manager, you will not need a portfolio. But if you go down the design path, you will need to be able to show an understanding of the design and show recent examples of work for products, apps, websites, or other interactive experiences. These do not have to be real products. You can make them up. They just need to be designed well and with the user in mind. Knowledge of design includes color, typography, layout, balance, and basic principles.

如果您要進(jìn)行UX設(shè)計(jì)，則很可能需要投資組合。 如果您成為UX研究人員，UX文案撰稿人，Journey-mapper或項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理，則不需要投資組合。 但是，如果您沿著設(shè)計(jì)道路走下去，您將需要能夠顯示出對(duì)設(shè)計(jì)的理解，并顯示產(chǎn)品，應(yīng)用程序，網(wǎng)站或其他交互式體驗(yàn)的最新工作示例。 這些不一定是真實(shí)的產(chǎn)品。 你可以彌補(bǔ)他們。 他們只需要設(shè)計(jì)好并且考慮到用戶(hù)。 設(shè)計(jì)知識(shí)包括顏色，版式，布局，平衡和基本原理。

文案寫(xiě)作 (Copywriting)

Having good writing skills is important for things like writing error messages, button text, information hover states, and other general text around the experience. If you are looking to become a UX copywriter, they may ask for more than basic writing skills. They will probably ask for examples of work and published work.

擁有良好的寫(xiě)作能力對(duì)于編寫(xiě)錯(cuò)誤消息，按鈕文本，信息懸停狀態(tài)以及其他與體驗(yàn)有關(guān)的常規(guī)文本非常重要。 如果您想成為UX文案，他們可能要求的不僅僅是基本的寫(xiě)作技能。 他們可能會(huì)要求提供作品和已發(fā)表作品的示例。

If you have a background in writing articles on tech such as reviews, that can be very helpful. Knowing you have knowledge in technology will help immensely in case you have to write user guides.

如果您有撰寫(xiě)有關(guān)評(píng)論等技術(shù)文章的背景，那將非常有幫助。 如果您必須編寫(xiě)用戶(hù)指南，那么了解自己的技術(shù)知識(shí)將對(duì)您有極大的幫助。

On that note, teachers also make great UX copywriters because often, UX copywriters write user guides that are usually very descriptive with small steps. In the same way, you would teach a 4th grader how to do a new form of math.

值得一提的是，教師們也是出色的UX文案撰寫(xiě)人，因?yàn)閁X文案撰寫(xiě)者通常會(huì)編寫(xiě)用戶(hù)指南，而這些指南通常只需很小的步伐即可描述。 同樣，您將教四年級(jí)學(xué)生如何進(jìn)行新的數(shù)學(xué)形式。

心理學(xué) (Psychology)

Basic knowledge of psychology — this is super helpful to be able to understand your users better. We will never fully understand how humans think, but having some knowledge will remove some of the surprises and help you make a better product faster.

心理學(xué)的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)-這對(duì)更好地了解您的用戶(hù)很有幫助。 我們將永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)完全理解人類(lèi)的想法，但是擁有一些知識(shí)將消除一些驚喜，并幫助您更快地制造出更好的產(chǎn)品。

This is also very helpful when it comes to convincing business leads why the design is the way it is. Being able to back up design choices with psychology or research goes a long way.

當(dāng)說(shuō)服業(yè)務(wù)線索設(shè)計(jì)為何如此時(shí)，這也非常有幫助。 能夠通過(guò)心理學(xué)或研究支持設(shè)計(jì)選擇還有很長(zhǎng)的路要走。

Psychology is also very helpful for user testing. Knowing when to ask questions, and what the right questions are to ask based on how the user is responding is very important. Another thing we study a lot in user testing is body language. Often times a user will struggle for a while, you can see the confusion on their faces, you can watch their eyes scanning the page, and then they will find what they are looking for. When asked to talk about that experience, the user might say “it was easy to find.” But based on their body language, that can’t be further from the truth. Noticing these things and being able to decode them is super important!

心理學(xué)對(duì)于用戶(hù)測(cè)試也非常有幫助。 知道何時(shí)提出問(wèn)題以及根據(jù)用戶(hù)的響應(yīng)方式提出正確的問(wèn)題非常重要。 我們?cè)谟脩?hù)測(cè)試中大量研究的另一件事是肢體語(yǔ)言。 用戶(hù)經(jīng)常會(huì)掙扎一段時(shí)間，您可以看到他們臉上的困惑，可以看到他們的眼睛掃描頁(yè)面，然后他們會(huì)找到所需的內(nèi)容。 當(dāng)被要求談?wù)撨@種體驗(yàn)時(shí)，用戶(hù)可能會(huì)說(shuō)“很容易找到”。 但是根據(jù)他們的肢體語(yǔ)言，這離事實(shí)還遠(yuǎn)。 注意這些東西并能夠?qū)ζ溥M(jìn)行解碼非常重要！

研究和數(shù)據(jù)測(cè)試。 (An Intertest in Research and Data.)

being able to read, interpret, and understand data is super important. Some days designers will read through thousands of pages of data. It is important to look at all the data in an unbiased way to find consistencies and things that need to be improved. Also, being able to find patterns that are not clear. A huge part of UX is research and data. Having experience conducting and running research tests is very important. Being able to bring some sort of knowledge of either watching, running, or participating in a study and being able to bring back any form of data from the result, is a major plus. User Experience researchers are in high demand. If you are interested in technology, research, humans, and design then UX researcher might be the next career path move for you!

能夠讀取，解釋和理解數(shù)據(jù)非常重要。 有時(shí)設(shè)計(jì)人員將閱讀數(shù)千頁(yè)的數(shù)據(jù)。 重要的是要以公正的方式查看所有數(shù)據(jù)，以找到一致性和需要改進(jìn)的地方。 另外，能夠找到不清楚的模式。 UX的很大一部分是研究和數(shù)據(jù)。 具有進(jìn)行和運(yùn)行研究測(cè)試的經(jīng)驗(yàn)非常重要。 一個(gè)重要的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是能夠帶去某種有關(guān)觀看，跑步或參加研究的知識(shí)，并且能夠從結(jié)果中帶回任何形式的數(shù)據(jù)。 用戶(hù)體驗(yàn)研究人員的需求量很大。 如果您對(duì)技術(shù)，研究，人員和設(shè)計(jì)感興趣，那么UX研究人員可能是您的下一個(gè)職業(yè)道路！

虛心與謙卑 (An Open Mind and Humility)

In UX, you are wrong all the time. Even when you get something right, its never going to be a home run. Something will be the squeaky wheel. If you are stubborn and do not look at the data when designing, or think you are the best thing since sliced bread, this is not the industry for you. I have worked with many designers who have vocally said that the users don’t matter or, that they know better than the users or, like to pick and choose through data points to only pick the positive things that relate to what they believe. That’s not UX. UX is being confident in your design, but having the open mind to watch a user test on the design you thought was amazing, be torn to shreds by users, and shrugging it off and starting again. Because in the end, this industry is not about you. It has never been about the designers or the researchers or the business or anyone else on the team. It has always been about the users and it always will be.

在UX中，您一直都是錯(cuò)誤的。 即使您做對(duì)了，也永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)成為本壘打。 吱吱作響的東西會(huì)出現(xiàn)。 如果您固執(zhí)己見(jiàn)，在設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)不看數(shù)據(jù)，或者認(rèn)為您是切成薄片以來(lái)的最佳人選，那么這不是您的行業(yè)。 我曾與許多設(shè)計(jì)師合作，他們?cè)舐曊f(shuō)用戶(hù)無(wú)所謂，或者說(shuō)他們比用戶(hù)更了解，或者喜歡通過(guò)數(shù)據(jù)點(diǎn)進(jìn)行選擇，只選擇與他們所相信的東西有關(guān)的積極事物。 那不是UX。 UX對(duì)您的設(shè)計(jì)充滿(mǎn)信心，但是有開(kāi)放的態(tài)度來(lái)觀看用戶(hù)對(duì)您認(rèn)為令人驚嘆的設(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)行的測(cè)試，被用戶(hù)撕成碎片，然后聳了聳肩然后重新開(kāi)始。 因?yàn)樽罱K，這個(gè)行業(yè)與您無(wú)關(guān)。 從來(lái)沒(méi)有關(guān)于設(shè)計(jì)師，研究人員，企業(yè)或團(tuán)隊(duì)中其他任何人的事情。 它一直是關(guān)于用戶(hù)的，而且永遠(yuǎn)都是。

If you are so convinced you are the best thing that’s walked the earth to listen to the users and apply their suggestions or look at data without bias then you are not an actual user experience designer. You are missing the “user” in “user experience”. You have to come into this field knowing that no matter how confident you are in your design that you are never right. The user is always right. If you don’t see the feedback as interesting and a new challenge then you will not enjoy this industry.

如果您如此堅(jiān)信自己是聽(tīng)取用戶(hù)意見(jiàn)并應(yīng)用他們的建議或毫無(wú)偏見(jiàn)地查看數(shù)據(jù)的最佳選擇，那么您不是真正的用戶(hù)體驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)師。 您在“用戶(hù)體驗(yàn)”中缺少“用戶(hù)”。 您必須了解這一領(lǐng)域，無(wú)論您對(duì)自己的設(shè)計(jì)有多自信，都永遠(yuǎn)做不到。 用戶(hù)永遠(yuǎn)是對(duì)的。 如果您不認(rèn)為反饋很有趣并且是新挑戰(zhàn)，那么您將不會(huì)喜歡這個(gè)行業(yè)。

Remember, a lot of UX designers are specialized. Often this might be because they have former experience in those fields. For example, psychologists and teachers make great user researchers because they know the right questions to ask, they can read the users, they are willing to help the user in a way that won’t give them the answer and, they have a lot of patience.

請(qǐng)記住，許多UX設(shè)計(jì)人員都是專(zhuān)門(mén)的。 通常這可能是因?yàn)樗麄円郧霸谶@些領(lǐng)域有經(jīng)驗(yàn)。 例如，心理學(xué)家和老師之所以成為出色的用戶(hù)研究人員，是因?yàn)樗麄冎酪獑?wèn)的正確問(wèn)題，可以閱讀用戶(hù)，愿意以不會(huì)給他們答案的方式為用戶(hù)提供幫助，并且他們有很多忍耐。

Developers make great designers because they know the code restrictions and things that will take more time and make life more difficult for the developers on their team. They can come up with good design solutions fast to make it easier on the users, designers, and developers.

開(kāi)發(fā)人員之所以成為優(yōu)秀的設(shè)計(jì)師，是因?yàn)樗麄冎来a限制以及一些事情，這些事情將花費(fèi)更多的時(shí)間，并使團(tuán)隊(duì)中的開(kāi)發(fā)人員的生活更加困難。 他們可以快速提出好的設(shè)計(jì)解決方案，以使用戶(hù)，設(shè)計(jì)師和開(kāi)發(fā)人員更容易使用。

Also, if you work for a company that works in an industry that you used to work in yourself, then you have valuable inside knowledge that can help you understand the users better and make better solutions for them. For example, hiring former DJs for apps like Spotify is a perfect mix. Or former construction workers working on apps for booking and assigning projects for contractors.

同樣，如果您在自己所在行業(yè)工作的公司工作，那么您將擁有寶貴的內(nèi)部知識(shí)，可以幫助您更好地了解用戶(hù)并為他們提供更好的解決方案。 例如，為Spotify之類(lèi)的應(yīng)用雇用以前的DJ是完美的組合。 或者是前建筑工人，他們正在開(kāi)發(fā)用于為承包商預(yù)訂和分配項(xiàng)目的應(yīng)用程序。

There is a place for everyone in UX. If you are passionate enough to want to be a part of it, don’t be shy!

UX中每個(gè)人都有一個(gè)地方。 如果您有足夠的熱情想要成為其中的一員，請(qǐng)不要害羞！

Where ever you are coming from, if you are interested in UX, go for it!

無(wú)論您來(lái)自哪里，如果您對(duì)UX感興趣，那就去吧！

UX Para Minas Pretas (UX For Black Women), a Brazilian organization focused on promoting equity of Black women in the tech industry through initiatives of action, empowerment, and knowledge sharing. Silence against systemic racism is not an option. Build the design community you believe in.UX Para Minas Pretas (UX For Black Women)，這是一個(gè)巴西組織，致力于通過(guò)采取行動(dòng)，賦權(quán)和知識(shí)共享的舉措來(lái)促進(jìn)科技行業(yè)中的黑人女性平等。 對(duì)系統(tǒng)性種族主義保持沉默是不可行的。 建立您相信的設(shè)計(jì)社區(qū)。

翻譯自: https://uxdesign.cc/how-to-get-into-the-ux-field-99b6ce133276

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