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lynda ux_如何进入UX领域

發(fā)布時間：2023/12/9 56 豆豆

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I often get asked “What is the right path I should take to get into UX?” and more often than not, I do not have a direct answer. I usually ask a lot of questions about their background, before assessing their current skills with the things they like and what interested them in UX with my own knowledge in the industry. Then I give them an answer that is personalized to that person. However, the more I get these questions from strangers, the weirder it feels. It feels more like I am interviewing them for the job on the spot. They also seem confused, as if they wanted a simple response, and I, unfortunately, do not have one to give them. But I continue to ask the questions and occupy their time for the next ten minutes because giving them an evaluation on how to get into the industry is much better than my honest response.

我經(jīng)常被問到“ 進入UX應該走什么正確的道路？ ”而且我常常沒有直接答案。我通常會問很多關(guān)于他們的背景的問題，然后再根據(jù)自己的專業(yè)知識評估他們當前的技能，以及他們對UX感興趣的東西。然后，我給他們一個針對該人的個性化答案。但是，我越是從陌生人那里得到這些問題，那感覺就越怪異。感覺就像我正在現(xiàn)場采訪他們以找工作。他們似乎也很困惑，好像他們想要一個簡單的答復一樣，不幸的是，我沒有人給他們答復。但是我繼續(xù)問這些問題，并在接下來的十分鐘里花時間，因為給他們一個關(guān)于如何進入該行業(yè)的評估比我誠實的回答要好得多。

But, If I had to answer in complete honesty, I would say:

但是，如果我必須完全誠實地回答，我會說：

There is no defined track on how to get into UX.

沒有關(guān)于如何進入UX的明確軌道。

I have met people from all sorts of backgrounds and career paths and degrees happily working in user experience. UX is a pretty new career path. Colleges are still trying to create robust, accurate curriculums to match the growing demand of UX designers.

我遇到了來自各種背景，職業(yè)道路和學位的人們，他們在用戶體驗方面很高興。 UX是一條相當新的職業(yè)道路。高校仍在努力創(chuàng)建健壯，準確的課程，以適應用戶體驗設(shè)計師不斷增長的需求。

When I went to school, UX was just becoming a thing. I remember going to my guidance counselor and saying “What does UX and UI mean? What’s the difference?” he asked me “What do you mean?” And, since I didn't know how to explain it well, I told him that I saw an article about it online being the best new design track. He was curious so he asked me to pull the article up on my phone. We both looked at the article in confusion before we both gave up. And to make the story more fun, this was 2015 at a top design school.

當我上學時，UX只是一種東西。我記得去咨詢指導老師時說過：“ UX和UI意味著什么？有什么不同？” 他問我“你是什么意思？” 而且，由于我不知道如何很好地解釋它，所以我告訴他，我在網(wǎng)上看到有關(guān)它的文章是最好的新設(shè)計軌道。他很好奇，所以他要我把這篇文章放在我的手機上。在我們都放棄之前，我們都困惑地看了這篇文章。為了使故事更有趣，這是一所頂級設(shè)計學校的2015年。

But here we are.

但是我們到了。

I came from a graphic design background. But, I have worked with people who have backgrounds in; development, teaching, psychology, biological research, journalism, music producing, farming, construction, pest control, sports, and industrial design.

我來自圖形設(shè)計背景。但是，我與有背景的人一起工作過。開發(fā)，教學，心理學，生物學研究，新聞學，音樂制作，農(nóng)業(yè)，建筑，害蟲防治，運動和工業(yè)設(shè)計。

And I don’t blame them. UX is a lot of fun and its super unique. Combining design and art with research and data and human psychology is such an exciting unique combination that I am surprised there are not more UX designers at every company.

而且我不怪他們。 UX非常有趣，而且超級獨特。將設(shè)計和藝術(shù)與研究，數(shù)據(jù)和人類心理相結(jié)合是一種令人興奮的獨特組合，令我感到驚訝的是，每家公司都沒有更多的UX設(shè)計師。

Whatever background you are in, there is a place for you in the UX world. There are lots of UX roles that I will do another article about later. But here are a few skills you might want to brush up on before applying to a UX position

無論您所處的背景如何，在UX世界中都可以找到適合您的地方。我將在以后的另一篇文章中介紹很多UX角色。但是，在申請UX職位之前，您可能需要掌握一些技巧。

碼 (Code)

Just a basic knowledge of code will do! Can you change the color? Great. You do not need to know how to develop an entire website by yourself. I get asked this a lot. I have worked with a total of two people in my 7 years in UX that knew how to code well enough to make a website from scratch.

只需具備基本的代碼知識即可！你能改變顏色嗎？大。您不需要知道如何自己開發(fā)整個網(wǎng)站。我被問了很多。在UX的7年中，我與兩個人共事，他們知道如何編寫足夠好代碼以從頭開始創(chuàng)建網(wǎng)站。

I myself took one code class in college and called it quits after that. The knowledge I took from that class is pretty simple; what a line of code looks like, what do each part of the line of code mean, what part of the code do you need to use to find an issue, how do you change a color, add text, add an image or create a navigation menu. That is the extent of my code knowledge, but it is enough to help me understand what I can and cannot push the development team to do.

我本人在大學里上了一門代碼課，然后就說退出了。我從那堂課中學到的知識很簡單；代碼行是什么樣的，代碼行的每個部分是什么意思，發(fā)現(xiàn)問題需要使用代碼的哪一部分，如何更改顏色，添加文本，添加圖像或創(chuàng)建代碼導航菜單。那就是我的代碼知識的程度，但這足以幫助我理解我能夠做什么和不能推動開發(fā)團隊去做。

It's enough to call BS when they say they can’t change color. Its enough to know that if I add a crazy interaction that it’s might take longer than one sprint because if I can’t look up the code online somewhere, and copy and paste it into the software, then they can’t either and it's going to take a lot of time to make. That is the important element of knowing code, being able to understand the limitations of your team.

當他們說他們不能改變顏色時，只要呼叫BS就足夠了。足以知道，如果我添加了一個瘋狂的交互操作，則可能需要花費比一個沖刺更長的時間，因為如果我無法在某個地方在線查找代碼并將其復制并粘貼到軟件中，那么他們也將無法完成，需要很多時間來制作。這是了解代碼的重要元素，能夠理解團隊的局限性。

If you know more than basic code, that's awesome! That can open some more doors for you to have that skill under your belt. You might be able to help the development team more closely with issues or be able to translate issues to your not so tech-savvy teammates. The knowledge also comes in handy when making prototypes. A lot of the prototyping software uses code to create interactions. Having that knowledge will help you add cool interactions to your prototypes!

如果您不僅僅了解基本代碼，那就太棒了！這可以為您打開更多的門，讓您掌握自己的技能。您也許可以幫助開發(fā)團隊更緊密地解決問題，或者可以將問題轉(zhuǎn)嫁給不那么精通技術(shù)的團隊成員。制作原型時，這些知識也很方便。許多原型軟件使用代碼來創(chuàng)建交互。掌握這些知識將幫助您為原型添加有趣的交互！

But again, being able to have advanced code knowledge is not a must-have.

但同樣，具有高級代碼知識不是必須的。

設(shè)計 (Design)

you will most likely need a portfolio if you are going to go into UX design. If you become a UX researcher, UX copywriter, Journey-mapper, or project manager, you will not need a portfolio. But if you go down the design path, you will need to be able to show an understanding of the design and show recent examples of work for products, apps, websites, or other interactive experiences. These do not have to be real products. You can make them up. They just need to be designed well and with the user in mind. Knowledge of design includes color, typography, layout, balance, and basic principles.

如果您要進行UX設(shè)計，則很可能需要投資組合。如果您成為UX研究人員，UX文案撰稿人，Journey-mapper或項目經(jīng)理，則不需要投資組合。但是，如果您沿著設(shè)計道路走下去，您將需要能夠顯示出對設(shè)計的理解，并顯示產(chǎn)品，應用程序，網(wǎng)站或其他交互式體驗的最新工作示例。這些不一定是真實的產(chǎn)品。你可以彌補他們。他們只需要設(shè)計好并且考慮到用戶。設(shè)計知識包括顏色，版式，布局，平衡和基本原理。

文案寫作 (Copywriting)

Having good writing skills is important for things like writing error messages, button text, information hover states, and other general text around the experience. If you are looking to become a UX copywriter, they may ask for more than basic writing skills. They will probably ask for examples of work and published work.

擁有良好的寫作能力對于編寫錯誤消息，按鈕文本，信息懸停狀態(tài)以及其他與體驗有關(guān)的常規(guī)文本非常重要。如果您想成為UX文案，他們可能要求的不僅僅是基本的寫作技能。他們可能會要求提供作品和已發(fā)表作品的示例。

If you have a background in writing articles on tech such as reviews, that can be very helpful. Knowing you have knowledge in technology will help immensely in case you have to write user guides.

如果您有撰寫有關(guān)評論等技術(shù)文章的背景，那將非常有幫助。如果您必須編寫用戶指南，那么了解自己的技術(shù)知識將對您有極大的幫助。

On that note, teachers also make great UX copywriters because often, UX copywriters write user guides that are usually very descriptive with small steps. In the same way, you would teach a 4th grader how to do a new form of math.

值得一提的是，教師們也是出色的UX文案撰寫人，因為UX文案撰寫者通常會編寫用戶指南，而這些指南通常只需很小的步伐即可描述。同樣，您將教四年級學生如何進行新的數(shù)學形式。

心理學 (Psychology)

Basic knowledge of psychology — this is super helpful to be able to understand your users better. We will never fully understand how humans think, but having some knowledge will remove some of the surprises and help you make a better product faster.

心理學的基礎(chǔ)知識-這對更好地了解您的用戶很有幫助。我們將永遠不會完全理解人類的想法，但是擁有一些知識將消除一些驚喜，并幫助您更快地制造出更好的產(chǎn)品。

This is also very helpful when it comes to convincing business leads why the design is the way it is. Being able to back up design choices with psychology or research goes a long way.

當說服業(yè)務(wù)線索設(shè)計為何如此時，這也非常有幫助。能夠通過心理學或研究支持設(shè)計選擇還有很長的路要走。

Psychology is also very helpful for user testing. Knowing when to ask questions, and what the right questions are to ask based on how the user is responding is very important. Another thing we study a lot in user testing is body language. Often times a user will struggle for a while, you can see the confusion on their faces, you can watch their eyes scanning the page, and then they will find what they are looking for. When asked to talk about that experience, the user might say “it was easy to find.” But based on their body language, that can’t be further from the truth. Noticing these things and being able to decode them is super important!

心理學對于用戶測試也非常有幫助。知道何時提出問題以及根據(jù)用戶的響應方式提出正確的問題非常重要。我們在用戶測試中大量研究的另一件事是肢體語言。用戶經(jīng)常會掙扎一段時間，您可以看到他們臉上的困惑，可以看到他們的眼睛掃描頁面，然后他們會找到所需的內(nèi)容。當被要求談?wù)撨@種體驗時，用戶可能會說“很容易找到”。但是根據(jù)他們的肢體語言，這離事實還遠。注意這些東西并能夠?qū)ζ溥M行解碼非常重要！

研究和數(shù)據(jù)測試。 (An Intertest in Research and Data.)

being able to read, interpret, and understand data is super important. Some days designers will read through thousands of pages of data. It is important to look at all the data in an unbiased way to find consistencies and things that need to be improved. Also, being able to find patterns that are not clear. A huge part of UX is research and data. Having experience conducting and running research tests is very important. Being able to bring some sort of knowledge of either watching, running, or participating in a study and being able to bring back any form of data from the result, is a major plus. User Experience researchers are in high demand. If you are interested in technology, research, humans, and design then UX researcher might be the next career path move for you!

能夠讀取，解釋和理解數(shù)據(jù)非常重要。有時設(shè)計人員將閱讀數(shù)千頁的數(shù)據(jù)。重要的是要以公正的方式查看所有數(shù)據(jù)，以找到一致性和需要改進的地方。另外，能夠找到不清楚的模式。 UX的很大一部分是研究和數(shù)據(jù)。具有進行和運行研究測試的經(jīng)驗非常重要。一個重要的優(yōu)點是能夠帶去某種有關(guān)觀看，跑步或參加研究的知識，并且能夠從結(jié)果中帶回任何形式的數(shù)據(jù)。用戶體驗研究人員的需求量很大。如果您對技術(shù)，研究，人員和設(shè)計感興趣，那么UX研究人員可能是您的下一個職業(yè)道路！

虛心與謙卑 (An Open Mind and Humility)

In UX, you are wrong all the time. Even when you get something right, its never going to be a home run. Something will be the squeaky wheel. If you are stubborn and do not look at the data when designing, or think you are the best thing since sliced bread, this is not the industry for you. I have worked with many designers who have vocally said that the users don’t matter or, that they know better than the users or, like to pick and choose through data points to only pick the positive things that relate to what they believe. That’s not UX. UX is being confident in your design, but having the open mind to watch a user test on the design you thought was amazing, be torn to shreds by users, and shrugging it off and starting again. Because in the end, this industry is not about you. It has never been about the designers or the researchers or the business or anyone else on the team. It has always been about the users and it always will be.

在UX中，您一直都是錯誤的。即使您做對了，也永遠不會成為本壘打。吱吱作響的東西會出現(xiàn)。如果您固執(zhí)己見，在設(shè)計時不看數(shù)據(jù)，或者認為您是切成薄片以來的最佳人選，那么這不是您的行業(yè)。我曾與許多設(shè)計師合作，他們曾大聲說用戶無所謂，或者說他們比用戶更了解，或者喜歡通過數(shù)據(jù)點進行選擇，只選擇與他們所相信的東西有關(guān)的積極事物。那不是UX。 UX對您的設(shè)計充滿信心，但是有開放的態(tài)度來觀看用戶對您認為令人驚嘆的設(shè)計進行的測試，被用戶撕成碎片，然后聳了聳肩然后重新開始。因為最終，這個行業(yè)與您無關(guān)。從來沒有關(guān)于設(shè)計師，研究人員，企業(yè)或團隊中其他任何人的事情。它一直是關(guān)于用戶的，而且永遠都是。

If you are so convinced you are the best thing that’s walked the earth to listen to the users and apply their suggestions or look at data without bias then you are not an actual user experience designer. You are missing the “user” in “user experience”. You have to come into this field knowing that no matter how confident you are in your design that you are never right. The user is always right. If you don’t see the feedback as interesting and a new challenge then you will not enjoy this industry.

如果您如此堅信自己是聽取用戶意見并應用他們的建議或毫無偏見地查看數(shù)據(jù)的最佳選擇，那么您不是真正的用戶體驗設(shè)計師。您在“用戶體驗”中缺少“用戶”。您必須了解這一領(lǐng)域，無論您對自己的設(shè)計有多自信，都永遠做不到。用戶永遠是對的。如果您不認為反饋很有趣并且是新挑戰(zhàn)，那么您將不會喜歡這個行業(yè)。

Remember, a lot of UX designers are specialized. Often this might be because they have former experience in those fields. For example, psychologists and teachers make great user researchers because they know the right questions to ask, they can read the users, they are willing to help the user in a way that won’t give them the answer and, they have a lot of patience.

請記住，許多UX設(shè)計人員都是專門的。通常這可能是因為他們以前在這些領(lǐng)域有經(jīng)驗。例如，心理學家和老師之所以成為出色的用戶研究人員，是因為他們知道要問的正確問題，可以閱讀用戶，愿意以不會給他們答案的方式為用戶提供幫助，并且他們有很多忍耐。

Developers make great designers because they know the code restrictions and things that will take more time and make life more difficult for the developers on their team. They can come up with good design solutions fast to make it easier on the users, designers, and developers.

開發(fā)人員之所以成為優(yōu)秀的設(shè)計師，是因為他們知道代碼限制以及一些事情，這些事情將花費更多的時間，并使團隊中的開發(fā)人員的生活更加困難。他們可以快速提出好的設(shè)計解決方案，以使用戶，設(shè)計師和開發(fā)人員更容易使用。

Also, if you work for a company that works in an industry that you used to work in yourself, then you have valuable inside knowledge that can help you understand the users better and make better solutions for them. For example, hiring former DJs for apps like Spotify is a perfect mix. Or former construction workers working on apps for booking and assigning projects for contractors.

同樣，如果您在自己所在行業(yè)工作的公司工作，那么您將擁有寶貴的內(nèi)部知識，可以幫助您更好地了解用戶并為他們提供更好的解決方案。例如，為Spotify之類的應用雇用以前的DJ是完美的組合。或者是前建筑工人，他們正在開發(fā)用于為承包商預訂和分配項目的應用程序。

There is a place for everyone in UX. If you are passionate enough to want to be a part of it, don’t be shy!

UX中每個人都有一個地方。如果您有足夠的熱情想要成為其中的一員，請不要害羞！

Where ever you are coming from, if you are interested in UX, go for it!

無論您來自哪里，如果您對UX感興趣，那就去吧！

UX Para Minas Pretas (UX For Black Women), a Brazilian organization focused on promoting equity of Black women in the tech industry through initiatives of action, empowerment, and knowledge sharing. Silence against systemic racism is not an option. Build the design community you believe in.UX Para Minas Pretas (UX For Black Women)，這是一個巴西組織，致力于通過采取行動，賦權(quán)和知識共享的舉措來促進科技行業(yè)中的黑人女性平等。對系統(tǒng)性種族主義保持沉默是不可行的。建立您相信的設(shè)計社區(qū)。

翻譯自: https://uxdesign.cc/how-to-get-into-the-ux-field-99b6ce133276