已釋甲骨文會(huì)意字研究論文

中文摘要

我們?cè)?1100 個(gè)已釋甲骨文中共找出會(huì)意字226 個(gè)，占已釋甲骨文總字?jǐn)?shù)的

20.5%。通過(guò)對(duì)226 個(gè)甲骨文會(huì)意字進(jìn)行拆分，共拆分出140 個(gè)構(gòu)件，其中成字

構(gòu)件 118 個(gè)，非成字構(gòu)件22 個(gè)。我們對(duì)118 個(gè)成字構(gòu)件的構(gòu)字頻度進(jìn)行分析，

以參構(gòu)次數(shù)11 次為分界點(diǎn)，其中高頻構(gòu)件7 個(gè)，低頻構(gòu)件111 個(gè)。在7 個(gè)高頻

構(gòu)件中有6 個(gè)構(gòu)件是與“人”相關(guān)的，這體現(xiàn)出漢字構(gòu)形的“人本主義”特點(diǎn)。

甲骨文會(huì)意字的構(gòu)件只有表形構(gòu)件和表義構(gòu)件，因此甲骨文會(huì)意字的構(gòu)形模式

有三種，即會(huì)形合成字、形義合成字和會(huì)義合成字。在甲骨文會(huì)意字的構(gòu)件中

表形構(gòu)件占絕對(duì)優(yōu)勢(shì)，而真正的表義構(gòu)件則相對(duì)有限。在對(duì)甲骨文會(huì)意字構(gòu)件

之間的邏輯關(guān)系分析后，我們得出甲骨文會(huì)意字大致有 6 種構(gòu)意模式，即情景

描寫(xiě)式構(gòu)意模式、動(dòng)作施受式構(gòu)意模式、局部彰顯式構(gòu)意模式、修飾限定式構(gòu)

意模式、同體復(fù)合式構(gòu)意模式和指向式構(gòu)意模式。

關(guān)鍵詞：甲骨文；會(huì)意字；構(gòu)件；構(gòu)形；構(gòu)意

I

Abstract

Understand the main performance of the word language is necessary, but more

difficult will form, relatively abstract word, make oracle bone inscriptions basically

adapted to the record at the time the need of language. So will form words

configuration structure characteristics of meaning, most can show the characteristics

of the oracle systems of age. So to understand the component and its structure and

form of word meaning of research can help to construct oracle and later was word

was the development and change of the words have a more profound understanding.

In 1100 we release of oracle has been to find 226 characters sly, accounts for

20.5% of the total interpretation of the oracle of words. Through to the 226 oracle

understand word to split, were split out 140 members, among them into words

component 118, not a word component 22. We of 118 into words the structure of

word frequency component analysis for The Times and construct 10 times for the

boundary, high frequency components of the seven, the low frequency component

111. In the seven high frequency component six of component is "people" and related,

it shows the Chinese characters form "humanism" characteristics. In the oracle of

words was only table form component member

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