目錄
前言
前言
????當初是在2018年寫下的這篇文章，那時的django更新到了版本2.0，使用人數還是比較少的，網上的教程大多也很少。而現在隨著python web框架的流行，越來越多人開始接觸到了django這門技術。如今，django已經更新到了版本3.0，添加了支持異步等重要特性，但是這些特性和本篇文章基本無關。寫下這篇文章的初衷是為了讓剛接觸django框架的童鞋可以入門上手一個項目，了解如何快速搭建一個項目，畢竟python web的優勢便是快速易上手嘛【最近接觸了springboot后的感觸】。如今再次更新這篇博文（2020-2月），希望能夠給予大家入門一定的幫助。p.s：其實建立一個web項目需要處理的事情比較雜，我就按照我的建立習慣給大家寫下這篇教程。 另外，本項目是我在重新寫時完整重新搭建，所以一定可以跑通，我會寫的比較仔細一點，如果你能耐心看完，必定有所收獲。 【-------------------------原創不易，請勿侵權------------------------------------------------------------------】
項目預覽
項目版本
運行平臺：windows
項目構思
????個人博客系統屬于一個非常小型的項目，不會存在高并發的情況，同時注冊用戶主要也就是為了評論博客內容，其實用戶賬號安全性也可以完全不用考慮。項目采取前后端分離的形式進行開發，前后端信息交互多數采取ajax形式（按理說動態更新頁面比較友好交互，但是為了讓大家感受一下這兩種方式，在登錄這一塊采取靜態跳轉）。剩下的部分一次性在這里寫下來大家也不一定能看的很明白，在建立項目的過程中再給大家介紹。
項目實戰 請先下載靜態文件 下載連接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1Er2S63MThOfzhlbuUkTEkw 之后替換相應的文件
我們首先給我們的項目起個名字：Ericam
django
- admin startproject Ericam
????
python manage.py startapp blog
????介紹一下各個文件的用處 刪除test.py，新建一個urls.py文件 （3）注冊app并配置靜態文件目錄
STATICFILES_DIRS
= [ os
. path
. join
( BASE_DIR
, 'static' ) , ]
????（4）
<!DOCTYPE html>
< htmllang = " en" > < head> < metacharset = " UTF-8" > < metaname = " viewport" content = " width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" > < metahttp-equiv = " X-UA-Compatible" content = " ie=edge" > < title> 首頁
</ title> </ head> < body> 個人博客系統測試
</ body> </ html> 在views.py文件里：
def index_unlog ( request
) : return render
( request
, 'index_unlog.html' )
最后我們添加一下路由地址，在與settings.py同級目錄的urls.py：
urlpatterns
= [ path
( 'admin/' , admin
. site
. urls
) , path
( 'blog/' , include
( 'blog.urls' ) ) , path
( '' , views
. index_unlog
, name
= 'index_unlog' )
]
在新建的urls.py文件【以后我加個標號2代表該文件】里添加如下內容：
app_name = 'blog'
urlpatterns = [
]
ps:在pycharm里按alt+enter可以添加未引入的類包。
搞懂了每個文件的大致作用，我們便可以開始正式開發博客系統啦。
登錄子系統開發
（1）首頁（未登錄）-編寫index_unlog.html
{% load static %}
< htmllang = " zh" > < head> < metacharset = " utf-8" > < metaname = " viewport" content = " width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" > < metaname = " author" content = " Ericam_" > < title> Ericam_blog
</ title> < linkrel = " shortcut icon" href = " {% static ' images/gt_favicon.png' %}" > < linkrel = " stylesheet" media = " screen" href = " http://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:300,400,700" > < linkrel = " stylesheet" href = " {% static ' css/bootstrap.min.css' %}" > < linkrel = " stylesheet" href = " {% static ' css/font-awesome.min.css' %}" > < linkrel = " stylesheet" href = " {% static ' css/bootstrap-theme.css' %}" > < linkrel = " stylesheet" href = " {% static ' css/log.css' %}" > < linkrel = " stylesheet" href = " {% static ' css/blog.css' %}" > </ head> < bodyclass = " back" > < divclass = " navbar navbar-inverse navbar-fixed-top headroom" > < divclass = " container" > < divclass = " navbar-header" > < buttontype = " button" class = " navbar-toggle" data-toggle = " collapse" data-target = " .navbar-collapse" > < spanclass = " icon-bar" > </ span> < spanclass = " icon-bar" > </ span> < spanclass = " icon-bar" > </ span> </ button> < aclass = " navbar-brand" > < imgsrc = " {%static ' css/images/lo.png' %}" alt = " Progressus HTML5 template" > </ a> </ div> < divclass = " nav navbar-nav navbar-right" > </ div> </ div> </ div> < center> < divclass = " container" style =" padding-top : 300px; min-height : 800px" > < divclass = " row" > ,.
< pclass = " lead" > <font color="white"">個人博客系統，盡情的享用吧(〃'▽'〃)
</ font> </ p> < pclass = " tagline" > < fontcolor = " white" > 如果您有優秀的建議，歡迎投遞哦
</ font> </ p> </ div> </ div> </ center> < footerid = " footer" class = " top-space" > < divclass = " footer2" > < divclass = " container" > < pclass = " text-center" > Copyright
© 2020, Ericam_blog
</ p> </ div> </ div> </ footer> </ body> </ html> 第一句話{%load static%}代表引入靜態文件（css,js等）
< linkrel = " stylesheet" href = " {%static ' css/log.css' %}" > 此時打開瀏覽器查看效果：
{%load static%}
<!DOCTYPE html>
< htmllang = " en" > < head> < metacharset = " UTF-8" > < title> 登錄
</ title> < linkrel = " shortcut icon" href = " {% static ' images/gt_favicon.png' %}" > < linkrel = " stylesheet" href = " {%static ' css/log.css' %}" > < linkrel = " stylesheet" href = " {%static ' css/semantic.css' %}" > < linkrel = " stylesheet" href = " {% static ' css/font-awesome.min.css' %}" > </ head> < bodyclass = " login" > < divclass = " ui center aligned grid" style =" margin-top : 200px" > < divclass = " ui six wide column" > < h1class = " ui teal header" > Ericam blog-登錄
</ h1> < divclass = " ui segment" > < divclass = " ui content" > < formclass = " ui large form" method = " post" action = " {%url ' login' %}" > < divclass = " ui stacked segment" > < divclass = " field" > < divclass = " ui left icon input" > < inputtype = " text" name = " username" placeholder = " 請輸入用戶名" > </ div> </ div> < divclass = " field" > < divclass = " ui left icon input" > < inputtype = " password" name = " password" placeholder = " 請輸入密碼" > </ div> </ div> {{ error }}
< br> < aclass = " pull-right field" > 忘記密碼
</ a> < buttonclass = " ui fluid large teal button" type = " submit" > 登陸
</ button> </ div> < divclass = " ui error message" > </ div> </ form> < divclass = " ui message" > New to us?
< a> 注冊
</ a> </ div> </ div> </ div> </ div> </ div> </ body> </ html> ????
urlpatterns
= [ path
( 'admin/' , admin
. site
. urls
) , path
( 'blog/' , include
( 'blog.urls' ) ) , path
( '' , views
. index_unlog
, name
= 'index_unlog' ) , path
( 'login' , views
. login
, name
= 'login' )
]
????
def login ( request
) : return render
( request
, 'login.html' )
????
< aclass = " btn" href = " {% url ' login' %}" > 登錄 / 注冊
</ a> </ li> < p> < aclass = " btn btn-action btn-lg" role = " button" href = " {% url ' login' %}" > START NOW
</ a> </ p> ????
from django
. db
import models
from django
. contrib
import admin
from django
. urls
import reverse
from django
. utils
. timezone
import now
class User ( models
. Model
) : username
= models
. CharField
( max_length
= 50 ) password
= models
. CharField
( max_length
= 200 ) nickname
= models
. CharField
( max_length
= 50 , default
= '匿名' ) email
= models
. EmailField
( ) created_time
= models
. CharField
( max_length
= 50 , default
= now
) comment_num
= models
. PositiveIntegerField
( verbose_name
= '評論數' , default
= 0 ) avatar
= models
. ImageField
( upload_to
= 'media' , default
= "media/default.png" ) def __str__ ( self
) : return self
. username
def comment ( self
) : self
. comment_num
+= 1 self
. save
( update_fields
= [ 'comment_num' ] ) def comment_del ( self
) : self
. comment_num
-= 1 self
. save
( update_fields
= [ 'comment_num' ] ) class UserAdmin ( admin
. ModelAdmin
) : list_display
= ( 'username' , 'email' )
然后打開命令行
python manage.py makemigrations
python manage.py migrate
這便生成了sqlite數據庫文件
def login ( request
) : if request
. method
== 'POST' : user_name
= request
. POST
. get
( 'username' , '' ) pass_word
= request
. POST
. get
( 'password' , '' ) user
= User
. objects
. filter ( username
= user_name
) if user
: user
= User
. objects
. get
( username
= user_name
) if pass_word
== user
. password
: request
. session
[ 'IS_LOGIN' ] = True request
. session
[ 'nickname' ] = user
. nicknamerequest
. session
[ 'username' ] = user_name
return render
( request
, 'index.html' , { 'user' : user
} ) else : return render
( request
, 'login.html' , { 'error' : '密碼錯誤!' } ) else : return render
( request
, 'login.html' , { 'error' : '用戶名不存在!' } ) else : return render
( request
, 'login.html' )
因為我們需要記錄cookies，所以我們打開settings.py文件，注釋該語句
{% load static %}
< htmllang = " zh" > < head> < metacharset = " utf-8" > < title> 首頁-Ericamblog
</ title> < metaname = " viewport" content = " width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" > < metaname = " author" content = " Ericam_" > < linkrel = " shortcut icon" href = " {% static ' images/gt_favicon.png' %}" > < linkrel = " stylesheet" media = " screen" href = " http://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:300,400,700" > < linkrel = " stylesheet" href = " {% static ' css/bootstrap.min.css' %}" > < linkrel = " stylesheet" href = " {% static ' css/font-awesome.min.css' %}" > < linkrel = " stylesheet" href = " {% static ' css/bootstrap-theme.css' %}" media = " screen" > < linkrel = " stylesheet" href = " {% static ' css/blog.css' %}" > < linkrel = " stylesheet" href = " {% static ' css/log.css' %}" > </ head> < bodyclass = " back" > <script src = "E:/bootstrap/bootstrap-3.3.7-dist/bootstrap-3.3.7-dist/js/jquery.min.js">
</ script> < divclass = " navbar navbar-inverse navbar-fixed-top headroom" > < divclass = " container" > < divclass = " container-fluid" > < divclass = " navbar-header" > < buttontype = " button" class = " navbar-toggle" data-toggle = " collapse" data-target = " .navbar-collapse" > < spanclass = " icon-bar" > </ span> < spanclass = " icon-bar" > </ span> < spanclass = " icon-bar" > </ span> </ button> < aclass = " navbar-brand" > < imgsrc = " {%static ' css/images/lo.png' %}" alt = " Progressus HTML5 template" > </ a> </ div> < ulclass = " nav navbar-nav navbar-right" > < li> < a> < fontsize = " 4" color = " white" > {{user.nickname}}
</ font> </ a> </ li> < li> < ahref = " {%url ' index_unlog' %}" > < iclass = " fa fa-sighout" > </ i> < fontsize = " 4" > 注銷
</ font> </ a> </ li> </ ul> </ div> </ div> </ div> < center> < divclass = " container" style =" padding-top : 300px; min-height : 800px" > < divclass = " row" > ,.
< pclass = " lead" > <font color="white"">Easy-Download,這里有好多好多資源喔，盡情的享用吧(〃'▽'〃)
</ font> </ p> < pclass = " tagline" > < fontcolor = " white" > 如果您有優秀的資源，歡迎投遞哦
</ font> </ p> < p> < aclass = " btn btn-action btn-lg" role = " button" href = " #" > START NOW
</ a> </ p> </ div> </ div> </ center> < footerid = " footer" class = " top-space" > < divclass = " footer2" > < divclass = " container" > < pclass = " text-center" > Copyright
© 2020, Ericamblog
</ p> </ div> </ div> </ footer> </ body> </ html> views.py
def logsuccess ( request
) : return render
( request
, 'index.html' )
添加路由信息
urlpatterns
= [ path
( 'admin/' , admin
. site
. urls
) , path
( 'blog/' , include
( 'blog.urls' ) ) , path
( '' , views
. index_unlog
, name
= 'index_unlog' ) , path
( 'login' , views
. login
, name
= 'login' ) , path
( '/log' , views
. logsuccess
, name
= 'login-success' )
]
手動在數據庫中添加一個用戶信息注冊模塊
def register ( request
) : if request
. method
== 'POST' : user_name
= request
. POST
. get
( 'username' , '' ) pass_word_1
= request
. POST
. get
( 'password_1' , '' ) pass_word_2
= request
. POST
. get
( 'password_2' , '' ) nick_name
= request
. POST
. get
( 'nickname' , '' ) email
= request
. POST
. get
( 'email' , '' ) avatar
= request
. FILES
. get
( 'avatar' ) if User
. objects
. filter ( username
= user_name
) : return render
( request
, 'register.html' , { 'error' : '用戶已存在' } ) if ( pass_word_1
!= pass_word_2
) : return render
( request
, 'register.html' , { 'error' : '兩次密碼請輸入一致' } ) user
= User
( ) if avatar
: user
. avatar
= 'media/' + user_name
+ '.png' img
= Image
. open ( avatar
) size
= img
. size
print ( size
) r2
= min ( size
[ 0 ] , size
[ 1 ] ) if size
[ 0 ] != size
[ 1 ] : img
= img
. resize
( ( r2
, r2
) , Image
. ANTIALIAS
) r3
= int ( r2
/ 2 ) img_circle
= Image
. new
( 'RGBA' , ( r3
* 2 , r3
* 2 ) , ( 255 , 255 , 255 , 0 ) ) pima
= img
. load
( ) pimb
= img_circle
. load
( ) r
= float ( r2
/ 2 ) for i
in range ( r2
) : for j
in range ( r2
) : lx
= abs ( i
- r
) ly
= abs ( j
- r
) l
= ( pow ( lx
, 2 ) + pow ( ly
, 2 ) ) ** 0.5 if l
< r3
: pimb
[ i
- ( r
- r3
) , j
- ( r
- r3
) ] = pima
[ i
, j
] img_circle
. save
( 'blog/static/media/' + user_name
+ '.png' ) user
. username
= user_nameuser
. password
= pass_word_1user
. email
= emailuser
. nickname
= nick_nameuser
. save
( ) return render
( request
, 'index_unlog.html' ) else : return render
( request
, 'register.html' )
????
urlpatterns
= [ path
( 'admin/' , admin
. site
. urls
) , path
( 'blog/' , include
( 'blog.urls' ) ) , path
( '' , views
. index_unlog
, name
= 'index_unlog' ) , path
( 'login' , views
. login
, name
= 'login' ) , path
( 'log' , views
. logsuccess
, name
= 'login-success' ) , path
( 'register' , views
. register
, name
= 'register' )
]
(3)添加register.html
{%load static%}
<!DOCTYPE html>
< htmllang = " zh-hans" > < head> < metacharset = " UTF-8" > < title> 注冊
</ title> < linkrel = " shortcut icon" href = " {% static ' images/gt_favicon.png' %}" > < linkrel = " stylesheet" href = " {%static ' css/log.css' %}" > < linkrel = " stylesheet" href = " {%static ' css/semantic.css' %}" > </ head> < bodyclass = " register" > < divclass = " ui center aligned grid" style =" margin-top : 200px" > < divclass = " ui six wide column" > < h1class = " ui teal header" > < fontcolor = " black" > EricamBlog-用戶注冊
</ font> </ h1> < divclass = " ui segment" > < divclass = " ui content" > < formclass = " ui form" method = " post" action = " {%url ' register' %}" enctype = " multipart/form-data" > < divclass = " field" > < inputtype = " text" name = " username" placeholder = " 請輸入用戶名" > < br> </ div> < divclass = " field" > < inputtype = " password" name = " password_1" placeholder = " 請輸入密碼" > < br> </ div> < divclass = " field" > < inputtype = " password" name = " password_2" placeholder = " 請確認密碼" > < br> </ div> < divclass = " field" > < inputtype = " text" name = " nickname" placeholder = " 請輸入昵稱" > < br> </ div> < divclass = " field" > < inputtype = " text" name = " email" placeholder = " 請輸入郵箱" > < br> </ div> < div> 頭像
< inputtype = " file" name = " avatar" > </ div> {{ error }}
< br> < buttonclass = " ui fluid large teal button" type = " submit" > 注冊
</ button> </ form> </ div> </ div> </ div> </ div> </ body> </ html> ????
def forget_password ( request
) : if request
. method
== 'POST' : user_name
= request
. POST
. get
( 'username' , '' ) email
= request
. POST
. get
( 'email' , '' ) user
= User
. objects
. filter ( username
= user_name
) if user
: user
= User
. objects
. get
( username
= user_name
) if ( user
. email
== email
) : request
. session
[ 'user_name' ] = user_name
return render
( request
, 'reset.html' ) else : return render
( request
, 'forget.html' , { 'error' : '您的用戶名和郵箱不匹配！' } ) else : return render
( request
, 'forget.html' , { 'error' : '請輸入正確的用戶名' } ) else : return render
( request
, 'forget.html' ) def reset ( request
) : if request
. method
== 'POST' : pass_word1
= request
. POST
. get
( 'password1' , '' ) pass_word2
= request
. POST
. get
( 'password2' , '' ) user_name
= request
. session
[ 'user_name' ] user
= User
. objects
. get
( username
= user_name
) if pass_word1
== pass_word2
: user
. password
= pass_word1user
. save
( ) return render
( request
, 'login.html' ) else : return render
( request
, 'reset.html' , { 'error' : '兩次密碼輸入不一致！' } ) else : return render
( request
, 'reset.html' )
(2)添加forget.html和reset.html
{%load static%}
<!DOCTYPE html>
< htmllang = " en" > < head> < metacharset = " UTF-8" > < title> 忘記密碼
</ title> < linkrel = " stylesheet" href = " {%static ' css/log.css' %}" > < linkrel = " stylesheet" href = " {%static ' css/semantic.css' %}" > </ head> < bodyclass = " forget" > < divclass = " ui center aligned grid" style =" margin-top : 200px" > < divclass = " ui six wide column" > < h1class = " ui teal header" > Ericam blog-忘記密碼
</ h1> < divclass = " ui segment" > < divclass = " ui content" > < formclass = " ui form" method = " post" action = " {%url ' forget' %}" > < divclass = " field" > < inputtype = " text" name = " username" placeholder = " 請輸入用戶名" > < br> </ div> < divclass = " field" > < inputtype = " text" name = " email" placeholder = " 請輸入郵箱" > < br> </ div> {{ error }}
< br> < buttonclass = " ui fluid large teal button" type = " submit" > 下一步
</ button> </ form> </ div> </ div> </ div> </ div> </ body> </ html> ????
{%load static%}
<!DOCTYPE html>
< htmllang = " en" > < head> < metacharset = " UTF-8" > < title> 重置密碼
</ title> < linkrel = " shortcut icon" href = " {% static ' images/gt_favicon.png' %}" > < linkrel = " stylesheet" href = " {%static ' css/semantic.css' %}" > < linkrel = " stylesheet" href = " {%static ' css/log.css' %}" > </ head> < bodyclass = " reset" > < divclass = " ui center aligned grid" style =" margin-top : 200px" > < divclass = " ui six wide column" > < h1class = " ui teal header" > Ericam blog-重置密碼
</ h1> < divclass = " ui segment" > < divclass = " ui content" > < formclass = " ui form" method = " post" action = " {%url ' reset' %}" > < divclass = " field" > < inputtype = " password" name = " password1" placeholder = " 請輸入新密碼" > < br> </ div> < divclass = " field" > < inputtype = " password" name = " password2" placeholder = " 請確認新密碼" > < br> </ div> {{ error }}
< br> < buttonclass = " ui fluid large teal button" type = " submit" > 確認修改
</ button> </ form> </ div> </ div> </ div> </ div> </ body> </ html> ????
urlpatterns
= [ path
( 'admin/' , admin
. site
. urls
) , path
( 'blog/' , include
( 'blog.urls' ) ) , path
( '' , views
. index_unlog
, name
= 'index_unlog' ) , path
( 'login' , views
. login
, name
= 'login' ) , path
( 'log' , views
. logsuccess
, name
= 'login-success' ) , path
( 'register' , views
. register
, name
= 'register' ) , path
( 'forget' , views
. forget_password
, name
= 'forget' ) , path
( 'reset' , views
. reset
, name
= 'reset' )
]
????【至此，登錄子系統已經全部完成】
后臺美化
django默認自帶后臺管理系統
python manage.py createsuperuser
訪問：http://127.0.0.1:8000/admin/
pip install django-simpleui
pip install django_summernote
然后在settings.py添加：
INSTALLED_APPS
= [ "simpleui" , 'django.contrib.admin' , 'django.contrib.auth' , 'django.contrib.contenttypes' , 'django.contrib.sessions' , 'django.contrib.messages' , 'django.contrib.staticfiles' , 'blog' , 'django_summernote'
] SUMMERNOTE_CONFIG
= { 'iframe' : True , 'airMode' : False , 'styleWithSpan' : False , 'width' : '80%' , 'height' : '480' , 'lang' : 'zh-CN' ,
}
刷新，重新進入admin頁面：
from django
. contrib
import admin
from blog
. models
import Article
, User
, Category
, Tag
, ArticleComment
, Message
from django_summernote
. admin
import SummernoteModelAdmin
class PostAdmin ( SummernoteModelAdmin
) : summernote_fields
= ( 'content' ) list_display
= [ 'article_id' , 'title' , 'created_time' ] search_fields
= [ 'title' ] list_filter
= [ 'created_time' ]
class CommentAdmin ( admin
. ModelAdmin
) : list_display
= [ 'username' , 'body' , 'title' ] search_fields
= [ 'title' ] admin
. site
. register
( Article
, PostAdmin
)
admin
. site
. register
( Category
)
admin
. site
. register
( Tag
)
admin
. site
. register
( User
)
admin
. site
. register
( ArticleComment
, CommentAdmin
)
修改models.py文件(完整版)：
from django
. db
import models
from django
. contrib
import admin
from django
. urls
import reverse
from django
. utils
. timezone
import now
class User ( models
. Model
) : username
= models
. CharField
( max_length
= 50 ) password
= models
. CharField
( max_length
= 200 ) nickname
= models
. CharField
( max_length
= 50 , default
= '匿名' ) email
= models
. EmailField
( ) created_time
= models
. CharField
( max_length
= 50 , default
= now
) comment_num
= models
. PositiveIntegerField
( verbose_name
= '評論數' , default
= 0 ) avatar
= models
. ImageField
( upload_to
= 'media' , default
= "media/default.png" ) def __str__ ( self
) : return self
. username
def comment ( self
) : self
. comment_num
+= 1 self
. save
( update_fields
= [ 'comment_num' ] ) def comment_del ( self
) : self
. comment_num
-= 1 self
. save
( update_fields
= [ 'comment_num' ] )
class ArticleComment ( models
. Model
) : body
= models
. TextField
( ) username
= models
. CharField
( max_length
= 50 ) userimg
= models
. CharField
( max_length
= 70 ) nickname
= models
. CharField
( max_length
= 50 , default
= "匿名" ) createtime
= models
. DateTimeField
( verbose_name
= '創建時間' , default
= now
) article
= models
. CharField
( max_length
= 50 ) title
= models
. CharField
( max_length
= 50 ) def __str__ ( self
) : return self
. article
class Meta : ordering
= [ '-createtime' ] verbose_name
= '評論' verbose_name_plural
= '評論列表' db_table
= "comment" list_display
= ( 'article' , 'body' )
class Tag ( models
. Model
) : name
= models
. CharField
( verbose_name
= '標簽名' , max_length
= 64 ) def __str__ ( self
) : return self
. name
class Meta : ordering
= [ 'name' ] verbose_name
= '標簽名稱' verbose_name_plural
= '標簽列表' db_table
= "tag"
class Category ( models
. Model
) : name
= models
. CharField
( verbose_name
= '類別名稱' , max_length
= 64 ) class Meta : ordering
= [ 'name' ] verbose_name
= "類別名稱" verbose_name_plural
= '分類列表' db_table
= "category" def __str__ ( self
) : return self
. name
class Article ( models
. Model
) : STATUS_CHOICES
= ( ( 'd' , '草稿' ) , ( 'p' , '發表' ) , ) article_id
= models
. CharField
( verbose_name
= '標號' , max_length
= 100 ) title
= models
. CharField
( verbose_name
= '標題' , max_length
= 100 ) content
= models
. TextField
( verbose_name
= '正文' , blank
= True , null
= True ) status
= models
. CharField
( verbose_name
= '狀態' , max_length
= 1 , choices
= STATUS_CHOICES
, default
= 'p' ) views
= models
. PositiveIntegerField
( verbose_name
= '瀏覽量' , default
= 0 ) created_time
= models
. DateTimeField
( verbose_name
= '創建時間' , default
= now
) category
= models
. ForeignKey
( Category
, verbose_name
= '分類' , on_delete
= models
. CASCADE
, blank
= False , null
= False ) tags
= models
. ManyToManyField
( Tag
, verbose_name
= '標簽集合' , blank
= True ) def __str__ ( self
) : return self
. title
def viewed ( self
) : self
. views
+= 1 self
. save
( update_fields
= [ 'views' ] ) def next_article ( self
) : return Article
. objects
. filter ( id__gt
= self
. id , status
= 'p' , pub_time__isnull
= False ) . first
( ) def prev_article ( self
) : return Article
. objects
. filter ( id__lt
= self
. id , status
= 'p' , pub_time__isnull
= False ) . first
( ) class Meta : ordering
= [ '-created_time' ] verbose_name
= '文章' verbose_name_plural
= '文章列表' db_table
= 'article' get_latest_by
= 'created_time'
記得使用python manage.py migrate進行生成數據庫文件。
完整項目獲取
重構了代碼，同時更新了博客內容，關鍵難點已經寫下來了。
尾言
其他子模塊和該模塊大同小異，暫時就不寫了。
?
總結
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