SQL數據庫面試題以及答案1
轉載出處：https://www.cnblogs.com/rrxc/p/3994389.html

Student(stuId,stuName,stuAge,stuSex) 學生表

stuId：學號；stuName：學生姓名；stuAge：學生年齡；stuSex：學生性別

Course(courseId,courseName,teacherId) 課程表

courseId,課程編號；courseName：課程名字；teacherId：教師編號

Scores(stuId,courseId,score) 成績表

stuId：學號；courseId,課程編號；score：成績

Teacher(teacherId,teacherName) 教師表

teacherId：教師編號； teacherName：教師名字

問題：

1、查詢“001”課程比“002”課程成績高的所有學生的學號；

select a.stuId from (select stuId,score from Scores where courseId=‘001’) a,(select stuId,score

from Scores where courseId=‘002’) b

where a.score>b.score and a.stuId=b.stuId;

2、查詢平均成績大于60分的同學的學號和平均成績；

select stuId,avg(score)from Scoresgroup by stuId having avg(score) >60;

3、查詢所有同學的學號、姓名、選課數、總成績；

select Student.stuId,Student.stuName,count(Scores.courseId),sum(score)

from Student left Outer join Scores on Student.stuId=Scores.stuId

group by Student.stuId,stuName

4、查詢姓“李”的老師的個數；

select count(distinct(teacherName))

from Teacher

where teacherName like ‘李%’;

5、查詢沒學過“葉平”老師課的同學的學號、姓名；

select Student.stuId,Student.stuNamefrom Student where stuId not in (select distinct( Scores.stuId) from Scores,Course,Teacher where Scores.courseId=Course.courseId and Teacher.teacherId=Course.teacherId and Teacher.teacherName='葉平');

6、查詢學過“001”并且也學過編號“002”課程的同學的學號、姓名；

select Student.stuId,Student.stuName from Student,Scores where Student.stuId=Scores.stuId and Scores.courseId='001'and exists( Select * from Scores as Scores_2 where Scores_2.stuId=Scores.stuId and Scores_2.courseId='002');

7、查詢學過“葉平”老師所教的所有課的同學的學號、姓名；

select stuId,stuNamefrom Studentwhere stuId in (select stuId from Scores ,Course ,Teacher where Scores.courseId=Course.courseId and Teacher.teacherId=Course.teacherId and Teacher.teacherName='葉平' group by stuId having count(Scores.courseId)=(select count(courseId) from Course,Teacher where Teacher.teacherId=Course.teacherId and teacherName='葉平'));

8、查詢課程編號“002”的成績比課程編號“001”課程低的所有同學的學號、姓名；

Select stuId,stuName from (select Student.stuId,Student.stuName,score ,(select score from Scores Scores_2 where Scores_2.stuId=Student.stuId and Scores_2.courseId='002') score2from Student,Scores where Student.stuId=Scores.stuId and courseId='001') S_2 where score2 <score;

9、查詢所有課程成績小于60分的同學的學號、姓名；

select stuId,stuNamefrom Studentwhere stuId not in (select Student.stuId from Student,Scores where S.stuId=Scores.stuId and score>60);

10、查詢沒有學全所有課的同學的學號、姓名；

select Student.stuId,Student.stuNamefrom Student,Scoreswhere Student.stuId=Scores.stuId group by Student.stuId,Student.stuName having count(courseId) <(select count(courseId) from Course);

11、查詢至少有一門課與學號為“1001”的同學所學相同的同學的學號和姓名；

select stuId,stuName from Student,Scores where Student.stuId=Scores.stuId and courseId in select courseId from Scores where stuId='1001';

12、查詢至少學過學號為“001”同學所有一門課的其他同學學號和姓名；

select distinct Scores.stuId,stuNamefrom Student,Scoreswhere Student.stuId=Scores.stuId and courseId in (select courseId from Scores where stuId='001');

13、把“Scores”表中“葉平”老師教的課的成績都更改為此課程的平均成績；

update Scores set score=(select avg(Scores_2.score)from Scores Scores_2where Scores_2.courseId=Scores.courseId ) from Course,Teacher where Course.courseId=Scores.courseId and Course.teacherId=Teacher.teacherId and Teacher.teacherName='葉平');

14、查詢和“1002”號的同學學習的課程完全相同的其他同學學號和姓名；

select stuId from Scores where courseId in (select courseId from Scores where stuId='1002')group by stuId having count(*)=(select count(*) from Scores where stuId='1002');

15、刪除學習“葉平”老師課的Scores表記錄；

Delect Scoresfrom course ,Teacher where Course.courseId=Scores.courseId and Course.teacherId= Teacher.teacherId and teacherName='葉平';

16、向Scores表中插入一些記錄，這些記錄要求符合以下條件：沒有上過編號“003”課程的同學學號、2、

號課的平均成績；Insert Scores select stuId,'002',(Select avg(score)from Scores where courseId='002') from Student where stuId not in (Select stuId from Scores where courseId='002');

17、按平均成績從高到低顯示所有學生的“數據庫”、“企業管理”、“英語”三門的課程成績，按如下形式顯示： 學生ID,數據庫,企業管理,英語,有效課程數,有效平均分

SELECT stuId as 學生ID,(SELECT score FROM Scores WHERE Scores.stuId=t.stuId AND courseId='004') AS 數據庫,(SELECT score FROM Scores WHERE Scores.stuId=t.stuId AND courseId='001') AS 企業管理,(SELECT score FROM Scores WHERE Scores.stuId=t.stuId AND courseId='006') AS 英語,COUNT(*) AS 有效課程數, AVG(t.score) AS 平均成績FROM Scores AS tGROUP BY stuIdORDER BY avg(t.score)

18、查詢各科成績最高和最低的分：以如下形式顯示：課程ID，最高分，最低分

SELECT L.courseId As 課程ID,L.score AS 最高分,R.score AS 最低分FROM Scores L ,Scores AS RWHERE L.courseId = R.courseId andL.score = (SELECT MAX(IL.score)FROM Scores AS IL,Student AS IMWHERE L.courseId = IL.courseId and IM.stuId=IL.stuIdGROUP BY IL.courseId)ANDR.score = (SELECT MIN(IR.score)FROM Scores AS IRWHERE R.courseId = IR.courseIdGROUP BY IR.courseId);

19、按各科平均成績從低到高和及格率的百分數從高到低順序

SELECT t.courseId AS 課程號,max(course.courseName)AS 課程名,isnull(AVG(score),0) AS 平均成績,100 * SUM(CASE WHEN isnull(score,0)>=60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/COUNT(*) AS 及格百分數FROM Scores T,Coursewhere t.courseId=course.courseIdGROUP BY t.courseIdORDER BY 100 * SUM(CASE WHEN isnull(score,0)>=60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/COUNT(*) DEScores

20、查詢如下課程平均成績和及格率的百分數(用"1行"顯示): 企業管理（001），馬克思（002），OO&UML （003），數據庫（004）

SELECT SUM(CASE WHEN courseId ='001' THEN score ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE courseId WHEN '001' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 企業管理平均分,100 * SUM(CASE WHEN courseId = '001' AND score >= 60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE WHEN courseId = '001' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 企業管理及格百分數,SUM(CASE WHEN courseId = '002' THEN score ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE courseId WHEN '002' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 馬克思平均分,100 * SUM(CASE WHEN courseId = '002' AND score >= 60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE WHEN courseId = '002' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 馬克思及格百分數,SUM(CASE WHEN courseId = '003' THEN score ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE courseId WHEN '003' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS UML平均分,100 * SUM(CASE WHEN courseId = '003' AND score >= 60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE WHEN courseId = '003' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS UML及格百分數,SUM(CASE WHEN courseId = '004' THEN score ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE courseId WHEN '004' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 數據庫平均分,100 * SUM(CASE WHEN courseId = '004' AND score >= 60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE WHEN courseId = '004' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 數據庫及格百分數FROM Scores

21、查詢不同老師所教不同課程平均分從高到低顯示

SELECT max(Z.teacherId) AS 教師ID,MAX(Z.teacherName) AS 教師姓名,C.courseId AS 課程ＩＤ,MAX(C.courseName) AS 課程名稱,AVG(score) AS 平均成績FROM Scores AS T,Course AS C ,Teacher AS Zwhere T.courseId=C.courseId and C.teacherId=Z.teacherIdGROUP BY C.courseIdORDER BY AVG(score) DEScores

22、查詢如下課程成績第 3 名到第 6 名的學生成績單：企業管理（001），馬克思（002），UML （003），數據庫（004）

[學生ID],[學生姓名],企業管理,馬克思,UML,數據庫,平均成績SELECT DISTINCT top 3Scores.stuId As 學生學號,Student.stuName AS 學生姓名 ,T1.score AS 企業管理,T2.score AS 馬克思,T3.score AS UML,T4.score AS 數據庫,ISNULL(T1.score,0) + ISNULL(T2.score,0) + ISNULL(T3.score,0) + ISNULL(T4.score,0) as 總分FROM Student,Scores LEFT JOIN Scores AS T1ON Scores.stuId = T1.stuId AND T1.courseId = '001'LEFT JOIN Scores AS T2ON Scores.stuId = T2.stuId AND T2.courseId = '002'LEFT JOIN Scores AS T3ON Scores.stuId = T3.stuId AND T3.courseId = '003'LEFT JOIN Scores AS T4ON Scores.stuId = T4.stuId AND T4.courseId = '004'WHERE student.stuId=Scores.stuId andISNULL(T1.score,0) + ISNULL(T2.score,0) + ISNULL(T3.score,0) + ISNULL(T4.score,0)NOT IN(SELECTDISTINCTTOP 15 WITH TIESISNULL(T1.score,0) + ISNULL(T2.score,0) + ISNULL(T3.score,0) + ISNULL(T4.score,0)FROM ScoresLEFT JOIN Scores AS T1ON Scores.stuId = T1.stuId AND T1.courseId = 'k1'LEFT JOIN Scores AS T2ON Scores.stuId = T2.stuId AND T2.courseId = 'k2'LEFT JOIN Scores AS T3ON Scores.stuId = T3.stuId AND T3.courseId = 'k3'LEFT JOIN Scores AS T4ON Scores.stuId = T4.stuId AND T4.courseId = 'k4'ORDER BY ISNULL(T1.score,0) + ISNULL(T2.score,0) + ISNULL(T3.score,0) + ISNULL(T4.score,0) DEScores);

23、統計列印各科成績,各分數段人數:課程ID,課程名稱,[100-85],[85-70],[70-60],[ <60]

SELECT Scores.courseId as 課程ID, courseName as 課程名稱,SUM(CASE WHEN score BETWEEN 85 AND 100 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS [100 - 85],SUM(CASE WHEN score BETWEEN 70 AND 85 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS [85 - 70],SUM(CASE WHEN score BETWEEN 60 AND 70 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS [70 - 60],SUM(CASE WHEN score < 60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS [60 -]FROM Scores,Coursewhere Scores.courseId=Course.courseIdGROUP BY Scores.courseId,courseName;

24、查詢學生平均成績及其名次

SELECT 1+(SELECT COUNT( distinct 平均成績)FROM (SELECT stuId,AVG(score) AS 平均成績FROM ScoresGROUP BY stuId) AS T1WHERE 平均成績 > T2.平均成績) as 名次,stuId as 學生學號,平均成績FROM (SELECT stuId,AVG(score) 平均成績FROM ScoresGROUP BY stuId) AS T2ORDER BY 平均成績 deScores;

25、查詢各科成績前三名的記錄:(不考慮成績并列情況)

SELECT t1.stuId as 學生ID,t1.courseId as 課程ID,score as 分數FROM Scores t1WHERE score IN (SELECT TOP 3 scoreFROM ScoresWHERE t1.courseId= courseIdORDER BY score DEScores)ORDER BY t1.courseId;

26、查詢每門課程被選修的學生數

select courseId,count(stuId) from Scores group by courseId;

27、查詢出只選修了一門課程的全部學生的學號和姓名

select Scores.stuId,Student.stuName,count(courseId) AS 選課數from Scores ,Studentwhere Scores.stuId=Student.stuId group by Scores.stuId ,Student.stuName having count(courseId)=1;

28、查詢男生、女生人數

Select count(stuSex) as 男生人數 from Student group by stuSex having stuSex='男';Select count(stuSex) as 女生人數 from Student group by stuSex having stuSex='女'；

29、查詢姓“張”的學生名單

SELECT stuName FROM Student WHERE stuName like '張%';

30、查詢同名同性學生名單，并統計同名人數

select stuName,count(*) from Student group by stuName having count(*)>1;;

31、1981年出生的學生名單(注：Student表中stuAge列的類型是datetime)

select stuName, CONVERT(char (11),DATEPART(year,stuAge)) as agefrom studentwhere CONVERT(char(11),DATEPART(year,stuAge))='1981';

32、查詢每門課程的平均成績，結果按平均成績升序排列，平均成績相同時，按課程號降序排列

Select courseId,Avg(score) from Scores group by courseId order by Avg(score),courseId DEScores ;

33、查詢平均成績大于85的所有學生的學號、姓名和平均成績

select stuName,Scores.stuId ,avg(score)from Student,Scoreswhere Student.stuId=Scores.stuId group by Scores.stuId,stuName having avg(score)>85;

34、查詢課程名稱為“數據庫”，且分數低于60的學生姓名和分數

Select stuName,isnull(score,0)from Student,Scores,Coursewhere Scores.stuId=Student.stuId and Scores.courseId=Course.courseId and Course.courseName='數據庫'and score <60;

35、查詢所有學生的選課情況；

SELECT Scores.stuId,Scores.courseId,stuName,courseNameFROM Scores,Student,Coursewhere Scores.stuId=Student.stuId and Scores.courseId=Course.courseId ;

36、查詢任何一門課程成績在70分以上的姓名、課程名稱和分數；

SELECT distinct student.stuId,student.stuName,Scores.courseId,Scores.scoreFROM student,ScoresWHERE Scores.score>=70 AND Scores.stuId=student.stuId;

37、查詢不及格的課程，并按課程號從大到小排列

select courseId from Scores where Scoresor e <60 order by courseId ;

38、查詢課程編號為003且課程成績在80分以上的學生的學號和姓名；

select Scores.stuId,Student.stuName from Scores,Student where Scores.stuId=Student.stuId and score>80 and courseId='003';

39、求選了課程的學生人數

select count(*) from Scores;

40、查詢選修“葉平”老師所授課程的學生中，成績最高的學生姓名及其成績

select Student.stuName,scorefrom Student,Scores,Course C,Teacherwhere Student.stuId=Scores.stuId and Scores.courseId=C.courseId and C.teacherId=Teacher.teacherId and Teacher.teacherName='葉平' and Scores.score=(select max(score)from Scores where courseId=C.courseId );

41、查詢各個課程及相應的選修人數

select count(*) from Scores group by courseId;

42、查詢不同課程成績相同的學生的學號、課程號、學生成績

select distinct A.stuId,B.score from Scores A ,Scores B where A.score=B.score and A.courseId <>B.courseId ;

43、查詢每門功成績最好的前兩名

SELECT t1.stuId as 學生ID,t1.courseId as 課程ID,score as 分數FROM Scores t1WHERE score IN (SELECT TOP 2 scoreFROM ScoresWHERE t1.courseId= courseIdORDER BY score DEScores)ORDER BY t1.courseId;

44、統計每門課程的學生選修人數（超過10人的課程才統計）。要求輸出課程號和選修人數，查詢結果按人數降序排列，查詢結果按人數降序排列，若人數相同，按課程號升序排列

select courseId as 課程號,count(*) as 人數from Scores group by courseIdorder by count(*) deScores,courseId

45、檢索至少選修兩門課程的學生學號

select stuId from Scores group by stuIdhaving count(*) > = 2

46、查詢全部學生都選修的課程的課程號和課程名

select courseId,courseName from Course where courseId in (select courseId from Scores group by courseId)

47、查詢沒學過“葉平”老師講授的任一門課程的學生姓名

select stuName from Student where stuId not in (select stuId from Course,Teacher,Scores where Course.teacherId=Teacher.teacherId and Scores.courseId=course.courseId and teacherName='葉平');

48、查詢兩門以上不及格課程的同學的學號及其平均成績

select stuId,avg(isnull(score,0)) from Scores where stuId in (select stuId from Scores where score <60 group by stuId having count(*)>2)group by stuId;

49、檢索“004”課程分數小于60，按分數降序排列的同學學號

select stuId from Scores where courseId='004'and score <60 order by score deScores;

50、刪除“002”同學的“001”課程的成績

d

elete from Scores where stuId='002'and courseId='001';

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