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vista下载_Vista和视图在游戏设计中的功能

發(fā)布時(shí)間：2023/12/10 编程问答 35 豆豆

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vista下載

Views in video games are observation points used to highlight a lot of objects into one frame or shot using a special camera move. Vistas are special types of views that show distant objects, mainly far off landscapes.

電子游戲中的視圖是觀察點(diǎn)，用于將許多對(duì)象突出顯示為一幀或使用特殊的相機(jī)移動(dòng)來拍攝。遠(yuǎn)景是特殊類型的視圖，可顯示遠(yuǎn)處的物體，主要是遠(yuǎn)離景觀的物體。

Certain games use vistas as one-off moments (like Uncharted and Tomb Raider) where a special camera move will highlight the vista for the first time. Other games like Zelda: Breath of the Wild allows the players to look at views and vistas as they like without a special camera move. Other than showing off beautiful art, these views and vistas perform some important functions in game design. Let us take a look at them.

某些游戲使用遠(yuǎn)景作為一次性時(shí)刻(例如Uncharted和Tomb Raider )，其中特殊的攝像頭移動(dòng)將首次突出顯示遠(yuǎn)景。其他游戲，例如《塞爾達(dá)傳說：荒野之息》，可以讓玩家自由觀看攝像機(jī)的景色和遠(yuǎn)景。除了炫耀精美的藝術(shù)品，這些視圖和遠(yuǎn)景還可以在游戲設(shè)計(jì)中發(fā)揮某些重要作用。讓我們看看它們。

1.起搏 (1. Pacing)

This is probably the most common function of a vista. A vista is considered a low intensity beat in design and provides a break to the player between high-intensity beats. For a lot of games, vistas are a mandatory part of the experience to maintain pacing and convey information while for others, it is optional to interact with them.

這可能是Vista最常見的功能。遠(yuǎn)景在設(shè)計(jì)上被認(rèn)為是低強(qiáng)度的節(jié)拍，并在高強(qiáng)度的節(jié)拍之間為演奏者提供了休息時(shí)間。對(duì)于很多游戲而言，遠(yuǎn)景是維持節(jié)奏和傳達(dá)信息的必不可少的一部分，而對(duì)于其他游戲，與它們進(jìn)行交互是可選的。

2.突出目標(biāo)和地標(biāo) (2. Highlight goals and landmarks)

Vistas highlight faraway landmarks in multiple directions allowing the player to create and maintain a mental map of the world. Open world games frequently use this technique to guide players around the world.

Vista可以在多個(gè)方向突出顯示遙遠(yuǎn)的地標(biāo)，從而使玩家可以創(chuàng)建和維護(hù)世界思維圖。開放世界游戲經(jīng)常使用這種技術(shù)來指導(dǎo)世界各地的玩家。

Zelda: Breath of the Wild and Assassin’s Creed games make good use of this technique.

塞爾達(dá)傳說：荒野之息和刺客信條游戲都很好地利用了這種技術(shù)。

Zelda: Breath of the Wild — The large castle and volcano are major landmarks in the game that guide the player around the world at all times. Designers have tried to include them in as many vistas as they can.塞爾達(dá)傳說：曠野之息 —城堡和火山是游戲中的主要地標(biāo)，可隨時(shí)指導(dǎo)世界各地的玩家。設(shè)計(jì)師試圖將它們包含在盡可能多的景觀中。 Assassin’s Creed Unity — When the player synchronizes with viewpoints, the player can see other landmarks in the distance刺客信條：統(tǒng)一 -當(dāng)玩家與視點(diǎn)同步時(shí)，玩家可以看到遠(yuǎn)處的其他地標(biāo)

3.突出未來的游戲路線 (3. Highlight future gameplay paths)

Views are very commonly used to highlight future paths. Do you remember the last time you saw a game moving its camera to show the path you must take to your next goal? All the time, right?! Though this only counts if there is a clear observation for the player to see where to go. This observation point can be a view as well as a vista. It is important to note that this observation point is not to be confused with a high vantage point that aims to show all aspects of the surrounding area - like a tower top in a fort outpost.

視圖通常用于突出顯示將來的路徑。您是否還記得上次看到游戲移動(dòng)攝像機(jī)以顯示必須達(dá)到下一個(gè)目標(biāo)的路徑嗎？一直在，對(duì)嗎？雖然這僅在玩家清楚觀察到要去哪里時(shí)才算在內(nèi)。這個(gè)觀察點(diǎn)既可以是視野，也可以是遠(yuǎn)景。重要的是要注意，此觀察點(diǎn)不應(yīng)與旨在顯示周圍區(qū)域所有方面的高角度相混淆-就像堡壘哨所中的塔頂。

4.顯示先前瀏覽過的路徑或區(qū)域 (4. Show a previously explored path or area)

A vista can also be used to show previously explored paths or areas. This vista rewards the players by showing them a good chunk of the game that they have cleared. Looking back at previously traversed spaces is a nice reminder of the player’s experience so far and also shows how different areas are tied together from a higher vantage point.

遠(yuǎn)景也可用于顯示以前探索的路徑或區(qū)域。這種遠(yuǎn)景通過向玩家展示他們清除的大部分游戲來獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)他們。回顧以前遍歷的空間可以很好地提醒玩家到目前為止的經(jīng)歷，并且還顯示了如何從更高的視角將不同的區(qū)域聯(lián)系在一起。

A cleverly placed observation point will show previously explored paths and hint at future paths at the same time.

巧妙放置的觀察點(diǎn)將顯示以前探索的路徑，并同時(shí)提示將來的路徑。

5.顯示一個(gè)大難題場(chǎng)景 (5. Show a large puzzle scenario)

When introducing a puzzle, it is always good to highlight as many puzzle elements as possible in a single frame. Sometimes when the puzzle elements are too big to fit into a player camera set up, a view is set up to frame all or most of the elements and introduce the player to the puzzle. This view can also contain elements of a vista while showing off distant objects to set the tone of the level.

引入拼圖時(shí)，最好在單個(gè)框架中突出顯示盡可能多的拼圖元素。有時(shí)，當(dāng)拼圖元素太大而無法放入玩家的攝像機(jī)設(shè)置中時(shí)，就會(huì)建立一個(gè)視圖以框住所有或大部分元素，并將玩家介紹給拼圖。該視圖還可以包含遠(yuǎn)景元素，同時(shí)炫耀遠(yuǎn)處的對(duì)象以設(shè)置級(jí)別的色調(diào)。

Tomb Raider is a great example of this, especially challenge tombs, which culminate in a final puzzle room with large mechanical elements.

古墓麗影》就是一個(gè)很好的例子，尤其是具有挑戰(zhàn)性的古墓，這些古墓最終在具有大型機(jī)械元素的最終拼圖室中達(dá)到頂峰。

Shadow of the Tomb Raider — Highlighting puzzle elements as soon as Lara enters the main room古墓麗影之影 -拉拉進(jìn)入主房間后立即突出顯示拼圖元素 Shadow of the Tomb Raider — Highlighting puzzle elements like water wheel, moving platforms and large structures all in one shot古墓麗影的影子 -一鍵突出顯示拼圖元素，例如水車，移動(dòng)平臺(tái)和大型結(jié)構(gòu)

6.提示新的機(jī)械師或系統(tǒng) (6. Hint to a new mechanic or system)

We have already looked at views and vistas being used to highlight future gameplay areas. A designer can go even deeper here by showing an area where a new mechanic or system, that is yet to be introduced by the game, will be used.

我們已經(jīng)研究了用于突出未來游戲領(lǐng)域的視圖和遠(yuǎn)景。設(shè)計(jì)師可以通過顯示將要使用的新機(jī)制或系統(tǒng)(將由游戲引入)的區(qū)域來進(jìn)一步深入研究。

A great example of this is the paraglider in The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild. While the player is still on the Great plateau (starting area), they can see far off gameplay spaces. Yet, reaching there seems impossible as the starting area is at a much greater height than the surrounding gameplay areas. Therefore, any attempt to jump or climb down to those areas without the use of a paraglider (which the player has not yet received) will result in Link falling to his death.

一個(gè)很好的例子是《塞爾達(dá)傳說：狂野的呼吸》中的滑翔傘。當(dāng)玩家仍在大高原(起始區(qū)域)上時(shí)，他們可以看到遠(yuǎn)處的游戲空間。但是，到達(dá)那里似乎是不可能的，因?yàn)槠鹗紖^(qū)域比周圍的游戲區(qū)域高得多。因此，任何不使用滑翔傘(玩家尚未收到)而跳入或爬下這些區(qū)域的嘗試都會(huì)導(dǎo)致Link死亡。

7.突出區(qū)域主題 (7. Highlighting the theme of an area)

Understanding the playable area from a higher vantage point has another advantage. It reveals a lot about the story behind the area. Imagine a city that has been leveled by a nuclear blast. It is difficult to understand the destruction when standing in the city debris. But taking a look from a higher vantage point can help the player understand the gravity of the situation.

從更高的角度了解游戲區(qū)域還有另一個(gè)優(yōu)勢(shì)。它揭示了該地區(qū)背后的故事。想象一個(gè)被核爆炸夷為平地的城市。站在城市碎片上很難理解破壞。但是從更高的角度來看，可以幫助玩家理解情況的嚴(yán)重性。

On a lighter note, there could be a festival going on in a town, and taking it all in, in the form of a vista, can tell the player the story behind the festival and how people enjoy it. All in one frame!

一個(gè)輕松的說法是，某個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)可能會(huì)舉辦一個(gè)節(jié)日，并且以遠(yuǎn)景的形式將其全部納入，可以告訴玩家節(jié)日背后的故事以及人們?nèi)绾蜗硎芩?在一幀中！

The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild — A view of the Kakariko village gives a warm and inviting feeling to the player in the wilderness. The view reflects the calm yet inviting nature of the villagers塞爾達(dá)傳說：曠野之息— Kakariko村的景色為曠野的玩家?guī)頊嘏T人的感覺。風(fēng)景反映了村民沉穩(wěn)而誘人的本性

8.在游戲空間之外講故事 (8. Tell a story outside the gameplay space)

It is difficult to show moments, for example, a space war, inside the gameplay space when the player is on the ground. Vistas are great opportunities to tell stories happening in the distance. Halo uses this technique masterfully to show large scale stories happening in the background.

當(dāng)玩家在地面上時(shí)，很難在游戲空間內(nèi)顯示瞬間，例如太空戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。遠(yuǎn)景是講遠(yuǎn)方故事的絕佳機(jī)會(huì)。 Halo熟練使用此技術(shù)來顯示背景中發(fā)生的大規(guī)模故事。

Halo: Reach — Noble Six looks toward a ship planning to level a nearby cityHalo：Reach —貴族六號(hào)朝著計(jì)劃將附近城市拉平的船只

9.增加世界規(guī)模 (9. Increase the world size)

Often times playable game areas themselves are not good enough to make the world seem wholesome and sufficiently large. Cleverly placed vistas, showing off objects a lot farther away than the player can reach, can make the world feel wholesome and seem a lot bigger than it really is.

通常，可玩游戲區(qū)域本身并不足以使整個(gè)世界看起來健康且足夠大。巧妙地放置遠(yuǎn)景，可以將物體展示得比玩家可以到達(dá)的更遠(yuǎn)，可以使整個(gè)世界變得健康，并且看起來比實(shí)際要大得多。

While a lot of games use this trick, my favorite examples are vistas in shorter single-player adventures like What remains of Edith Finch, where the playable area is limited to a large house and a path to the house.

雖然很多游戲都使用這種技巧，但我最喜歡的示例是較短的單人冒險(xiǎn)中的遠(yuǎn)景，例如Edith Finch的《剩下的東西》，其中可玩區(qū)域僅限于大房子和通往房子的道路。

This shot from What Remains of Edith Finch cleverly shows the whole island that the house stands on, making the world seem bigger than it really is.

伊迪絲·芬奇的遺物拍攝的這張照片巧妙地顯示了房子所處的整個(gè)島嶼，這使世界看上去比實(shí)際要大。

What Remains of Edith Finch — Opening shot of What Remains of Edith Finch伊迪絲·芬奇的遺物—伊迪絲·芬奇的遺物開幕

10.情感獎(jiǎng)勵(lì) (10. Emotional rewards)

Vistas are a great example of emotional rewards. They neither provide any tangible skills or abilities to the character nor systemically heal or level up the player. Though they provide a sense of accomplishment much like how reaching the top of a peak to get a good view feels. Sometimes this feeling is more than enough motivation to explore the world more.

遠(yuǎn)景是情感獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)的一個(gè)很好的例子。他們既不能為角色提供任何切實(shí)的技能或能力，也不能系統(tǒng)地治愈或升級(jí)玩家。盡管它們提供了成就感，就像到達(dá)頂峰以獲得良好視野的感覺一樣。有時(shí)候，這種感覺足以激發(fā)人們探索世界的動(dòng)力。

Uncharted 4: A Thief’s End— A quiet vista of Libertia (the city that the player has been working hard to discover) feels like a strong reward after 15 hours of gameplay trying to find it《神秘海域4：盜賊盡頭》 -靜Liber的Libertia遠(yuǎn)景(玩家一直在努力探索的城市)在嘗試玩了15個(gè)小時(shí)之后，感覺像是一筆豐厚的回報(bào) God of War — This vista is a strong emotional reward after reaching the highest peak in all realms戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)之神 -在所有領(lǐng)域達(dá)到最高峰之后，這種遠(yuǎn)景是一種強(qiáng)烈的情感獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)

It is important here to distinguish between an emotional response and an emotional reward. All vistas might trigger an emotional response (because of the beautiful art) but not all vistas are emotional rewards. Vistas work as rewards when players work hard to reach the high vantage point that triggers the vista.

在這里重要的是要區(qū)分情緒React和情緒獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。所有的遠(yuǎn)景都可能觸發(fā)情感React(由于精美的藝術(shù)品)，但并非所有的遠(yuǎn)景都是情感上的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。當(dāng)玩家努力達(dá)到觸發(fā)遠(yuǎn)景的高有利位置時(shí)，遠(yuǎn)景將作為獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。

結(jié)論 (Conclusion)

Views and vistas are far more important than we realize. They are a great way to show a large amount of information in a few frames. They can be used to highlight paths, story, exposition, goals, etc, without the use of dialogue and emotionally reward the player at the same time. Usually, they perform a combination of functions discussed above. So, the next time you see a beautiful view in a game, try to understand why the designer and the artist placed it there. What does it do for the player besides showing potentially exceptional game art?

視野和遠(yuǎn)景遠(yuǎn)比我們意識(shí)到的重要。它們是在幾幀中顯示大量信息的好方法。它們可用于突出顯示路徑，故事，論述，目標(biāo)等，而無需使用對(duì)話并在情感上同時(shí)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)玩家。通常，它們執(zhí)行上述功能的組合。因此，下一次您在游戲中看到美麗的景色時(shí)，請(qǐng)嘗試?yán)斫鉃槭裁丛O(shè)計(jì)師和藝術(shù)家將它放在此處。除了展示潛在的出色游戲藝術(shù)外，它還對(duì)玩家有什么作用？

Here are some more reads on the use and creation of views & vistas in video game design:

以下是有關(guān)在視頻游戲設(shè)計(jì)中使用和創(chuàng)建視圖和遠(yuǎn)景的更多信息：

https://gamedevelopment.tutsplus.com/articles/level-design-views-and-vistas--cms-25036

https://www.gamasutra.com/blogs/MateuszPiaskiewicz/20140817/223513/Composition_in_Level_Design.php

http://www.mikebarclay.co.uk/my-level-design-guidelines/

翻譯自: https://medium.com/nyc-design/function-of-vistas-and-views-in-game-design-5bd069cfc05f