一、前言

上一篇博文記錄了使用wiringPi提供的串口驅(qū)動(dòng)wiringSerial.c wiringSerial.h，并基于該驅(qū)動(dòng)對(duì)串口進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單的通信，測(cè)試中發(fā)現(xiàn)該串口的驅(qū)動(dòng)比較簡(jiǎn)單，接收數(shù)據(jù)會(huì)存在分包的現(xiàn)象，另外一點(diǎn)是串口配置只提供了波特率參數(shù)配置，未提供其他如校驗(yàn)、數(shù)據(jù)位和停止位驅(qū)動(dòng)。這一片博文主要是對(duì)驅(qū)動(dòng)進(jìn)行修改。

二、修改驅(qū)動(dòng)

wiringPi的驅(qū)動(dòng)源碼可以在https://projects.drogon.net/raspberry-pi/wiringpi/中下載。找到wiringSerial.c 和 wiringSerial.h兩個(gè)文件，復(fù)制一份并重名命為wiringSerial_Driver.c wiringSerial_Driver.h。以便于我們修改。

具體地，修改包括初始化函數(shù)、串口接收函數(shù)和串口發(fā)送函數(shù)。

2.1 初始化函數(shù)修改

可以同時(shí)初始化波特率、停止位、校驗(yàn)位和數(shù)據(jù)位。參數(shù)gsfd為全局定義的串口打開(kāi)設(shè)備ID號(hào)，static int gsfd;

linux串口編程主要是對(duì)termios進(jìn)行初始化，需要包含頭文件：#include <termios.h>

在Rpi3B中輸入：

man termios

可以查看termios的描述，具體不多講，看說(shuō)明文檔即可，以下僅羅列部分：

NAMEtermios, tcgetattr, tcsetattr, tcsendbreak, tcdrain, tcflush, tcflow, cfmakeraw, cfgetospeed, cfgetispeed, cfsetispeed, cfsetospeed, cfsetspeed - getand set terminal attributes, line control, get and set baud rateSYNOPSIS#include <termios.h>#include <unistd.h>int tcgetattr(int fd, struct termios *termios_p);int tcsetattr(int fd, int optional_actions,const struct termios *termios_p);int tcsendbreak(int fd, int duration);int tcdrain(int fd);int tcflush(int fd, int queue_selector);int tcflow(int fd, int action);void cfmakeraw(struct termios *termios_p);speed_t cfgetispeed(const struct termios *termios_p);speed_t cfgetospeed(const struct termios *termios_p);int cfsetispeed(struct termios *termios_p, speed_t speed);int cfsetospeed(struct termios *termios_p, speed_t speed);int cfsetspeed(struct termios *termios_p, speed_t speed);Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see feature_test_macros(7)):cfsetspeed(), cfmakeraw(): _BSD_SOURCEDESCRIPTIONThe termios functions describe a general terminal interface that is provided to control asynchronous communications ports.The termios structureMany of the functions described here have a termios_p argument that is a pointer to a termios structure. This structure contains at least the follow‐ing members:tcflag_t c_iflag; /* input modes */tcflag_t c_oflag; /* output modes */tcflag_t c_cflag; /* control modes */tcflag_t c_lflag; /* local modes */cc_t c_cc[NCCS]; /* special characters */The values that may be assigned to these fields are described below. In the case of the first four bit-mask fields, the definitions of some of theassociated flags that may be set are exposed only if a specific feature test macro (see feature_test_macros(7)) is defined, as noted in brackets("[]").In the descriptions below, "not in POSIX" means that the value is not specified in POSIX.1-2001, and "XSI" means that the value is specified inPOSIX.1-2001 as part of the XSI extension.

那么具體的驅(qū)動(dòng)可以改寫(xiě)成一下內(nèi)容：

int myserialOpen (const char *device, const int baud, const int nbit, const char parity, const int nstop) {struct termios options ;speed_t myBaud ;int status;switch (baud){case 50: myBaud = B50 ; break ;case 75: myBaud = B75 ; break ;case 110: myBaud = B110 ; break ;case 134: myBaud = B134 ; break ;case 150: myBaud = B150 ; break ;case 200: myBaud = B200 ; break ;case 300: myBaud = B300 ; break ;case 600: myBaud = B600 ; break ;case 1200: myBaud = B1200 ; break ;case 1800: myBaud = B1800 ; break ;case 2400: myBaud = B2400 ; break ;case 4800: myBaud = B4800 ; break ;case 9600: myBaud = B9600 ; break ;case 19200: myBaud = B19200 ; break ;case 38400: myBaud = B38400 ; break ;case 57600: myBaud = B57600 ; break ;case 115200: myBaud = B115200 ; break ;case 230400: myBaud = B230400 ; break ;case 460800: myBaud = B460800 ; break ;case 500000: myBaud = B500000 ; break ;case 576000: myBaud = B576000 ; break ;case 921600: myBaud = B921600 ; break ;case 1000000: myBaud = B1000000 ; break ;case 1152000: myBaud = B1152000 ; break ;case 1500000: myBaud = B1500000 ; break ;case 2000000: myBaud = B2000000 ; break ;case 2500000: myBaud = B2500000 ; break ;case 3000000: myBaud = B3000000 ; break ;case 3500000: myBaud = B3500000 ; break ;case 4000000: myBaud = B4000000 ; break ;default:return -2 ;}/* 有O_NONBLOCK 即為非阻塞方式，默認(rèn)阻塞方式，等待vim vtime*/if ((gsfd = open (device, O_RDWR | O_NOCTTY | O_NDELAY | O_NONBLOCK)) == -1)return -1 ;fcntl (gsfd, F_SETFL, O_RDWR) ;// Get and modify current options:tcgetattr (gsfd, &options) ;cfmakeraw (&options) ;cfsetispeed (&options, myBaud) ;cfsetospeed (&options, myBaud) ;//data bitswitch (nbit){case 7: options.c_cflag &= ~CSIZE ; options.c_cflag |= CS7; break;case 8: options.c_cflag &= ~CSIZE ; options.c_cflag |= CS8; break;default: options.c_cflag &= ~CSIZE ; options.c_cflag |= CS8; break;}//data parityswitch(parity) {case 'n':case 'N':options.c_cflag &= ~PARENB ;options.c_cflag &= ~INPCK;break;case 'o':case 'O': options.c_cflag |= PARENB ;options.c_cflag |= PARODD ;options.c_cflag |= INPCK ;options.c_cflag |= ISTRIP ; break;case 'e':case 'E': options.c_cflag |= PARENB ;options.c_cflag &= ~PARODD;options.c_cflag |= INPCK ;options.c_cflag |= ISTRIP ;break;default:options.c_cflag &= ~PARENB ;options.c_cflag &= ~INPCK;break;}//data stopbitsswitch(nstop){case 1: options.c_cflag &= ~CSTOPB ; break;case 2: options.c_cflag |= CSTOPB ; break; default: options.c_cflag &= ~CSTOPB ; break; }options.c_cflag |= (CLOCAL | CREAD) ;options.c_lflag &= ~(ICANON | ECHO | ECHOE | ISIG) ;options.c_oflag &= ~OPOST ;options.c_cc [VMIN] = 0 ;options.c_cc [VTIME] = 10 ; // 0.5 seconds (100 deciseconds)tcsetattr (gsfd, TCSANOW, &options) ;ioctl (gsfd, TIOCMGET, &status);status |= TIOCM_DTR ;status |= TIOCM_RTS ;ioctl (gsfd, TIOCMSET, &status);usleep (10000) ; // 10mSreturn gsfd ; }

2.2 接收函數(shù)修改

提一下，Linux串口接收主要由阻塞和非阻塞接收兩種方式，關(guān)于如何配置Linux串口驅(qū)動(dòng)可以參考這篇博文：Linux 使用fcntl c_cc[VMIN] c_cc[CTIME]設(shè)置串口阻塞與非阻塞讀取數(shù)據(jù)

實(shí)際測(cè)試時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)wiringSerial的接收函數(shù)serialDataAvail緩存大小只有8字符，因此，超過(guò)8字符的數(shù)據(jù)將會(huì)分包，接收函數(shù)修改主要是對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行拼包，具體實(shí)現(xiàn)如下：

int myserialDataRead( char *buf, int * size) {int size_i,i;i = 0;size_i = 0;while(1){i = read(gsfd, buf+size_i ,1024);size_i += i;if(i == 8){}else if(i>0 && i <= 8){*size = size_i;return 0;}else{return -1;}} }

2.3?發(fā)送函數(shù)修改

發(fā)送函數(shù)基本和wiringSerial提供的驅(qū)動(dòng)一致，只是將傳入的設(shè)備ID用全局變量替代，這樣在使用該函數(shù)時(shí)無(wú)需輸入串口的ID。具體修改如下：

void myserialDataSend(const char * ptr,int size) {while(size--){serialPutchar(gsfd,*(ptr++));} }

三、編譯測(cè)試

對(duì)應(yīng)的頭文件增加函數(shù)的聲明，編寫(xiě)main.c測(cè)試文件：

#include<wiringPi.h> #include"wiringSerial_Driver.h" #include<stdio.h> #include<string.h>int main() {int filedevid;int recbytenum;int rxflag;int i;char buf[1024];char bufprintf[1024];memset(buf,0,1024);memset(bufprintf,0,1024);wiringPiSetup();if((filedevid=myserialOpen("/dev/ttyAMA0",115200,8,'E',1))<0){printf("/dev/ttyAMA0 Open Faild\r\n");return -1;}else{printf("/dev/ttyAMA0 Open with 115200,115200,8,'E',1, success\r\n");while(1){rxflag = myserialDataRead(buf,&recbytenum);if(rxflag != -1){printf("Rpi3 uart rx %d byte: %s\r\n",recbytenum,buf);sprintf(bufprintf,"Rpi3 uart Tx %d byte: %s\r\n",recbytenum,buf);myserialDataSend(bufprintf, recbytenum);}}} }

編寫(xiě)makefile，進(jìn)行編譯并運(yùn)行如下：

可以看到，數(shù)據(jù)以及拼包成功，說(shuō)明驅(qū)動(dòng)修改有效。

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