• 一、普通同步方式
• 二、事務方式(Transactions)
• 三、管道(Pipelining)
• 四、管道中調用事務
• 五、分布式直連同步調用
• 六、分布式直連異步調用
• 七、分布式連接池同步調用
• 八、分布式連接池異步調用
• 九、需要注意的地方
• 十、測試
• 十一、完整的測試代碼

jedis是一個著名的key-value存儲系統，而作為其官方推薦的java版客戶端jedis也非常強大和穩定，支持事務、管道及有jedis自身實現的分布式。

在這里對jedis關于事務、管道和分布式的調用方式做一個簡單的介紹和對比：

一、普通同步方式

最簡單和基礎的調用方式，

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@Test public?void?test1Normal()?{ ????Jedis?jedis?=?new?Jedis("localhost"); ????long?start?=?System.currentTimeMillis(); ????for?(int?i?=?0;?i?<?100000;?i++)?{ ????????String?result?=?jedis.set("n"?+?i,?"n"?+?i); ????} ????long?end?=?System.currentTimeMillis(); ????System.out.println("Simple?SET:?"?+?((end?-?start)/1000.0)?+?"?seconds"); ????jedis.disconnect(); }

很簡單吧，每次set之后都可以返回結果，標記是否成功。

二、事務方式(Transactions)

redis的事務很簡單，他主要目的是保障，一個client發起的事務中的命令可以連續的執行，而中間不會插入其他client的命令。

看下面例子：

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@Test public?void?test2Trans()?{ ????Jedis?jedis?=?new?Jedis("localhost"); ????long?start?=?System.currentTimeMillis(); ????Transaction?tx?=?jedis.multi(); ????for?(int?i?=?0;?i?<?100000;?i++)?{ ????????tx.set("t"?+?i,?"t"?+?i); ????} ????List<Object>?results?=?tx.exec(); ????long?end?=?System.currentTimeMillis(); ????System.out.println("Transaction?SET:?"?+?((end?-?start)/1000.0)?+?"?seconds"); ????jedis.disconnect(); }

我們調用jedis.watch(…)方法來監控key，如果調用后key值發生變化，則整個事務會執行失敗。另外，事務中某個操作失敗，并不會回滾其他操作。這一點需要注意。還有，我們可以使用discard()方法來取消事務。

三、管道(Pipelining)

有時，我們需要采用異步方式，一次發送多個指令，不同步等待其返回結果。這樣可以取得非常好的執行效率。這就是管道，調用方法如下：

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@Test public?void?test3Pipelined()?{ ????Jedis?jedis?=?new?Jedis("localhost"); ????Pipeline?pipeline?=?jedis.pipelined(); ????long?start?=?System.currentTimeMillis(); ????for?(int?i?=?0;?i?<?100000;?i++)?{ ????????pipeline.set("p"?+?i,?"p"?+?i); ????} ????List<Object>?results?=?pipeline.syncAndReturnAll(); ????long?end?=?System.currentTimeMillis(); ????System.out.println("Pipelined?SET:?"?+?((end?-?start)/1000.0)?+?"?seconds"); ????jedis.disconnect(); }

四、管道中調用事務

就Jedis提供的方法而言，是可以做到在管道中使用事務，其代碼如下：

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@Test public?void?test4combPipelineTrans()?{ ????jedis?=?new?Jedis("localhost");? ????long?start?=?System.currentTimeMillis(); ????Pipeline?pipeline?=?jedis.pipelined(); ????pipeline.multi(); ????for?(int?i?=?0;?i?<?100000;?i++)?{ ????????pipeline.set(""?+?i,?""?+?i); ????} ????pipeline.exec(); ????List<Object>?results?=?pipeline.syncAndReturnAll(); ????long?end?=?System.currentTimeMillis(); ????System.out.println("Pipelined?transaction:?"?+?((end?-?start)/1000.0)?+?"?seconds"); ????jedis.disconnect(); }

但是經測試（見本文后續部分），發現其效率和單獨使用事務差不多，甚至還略微差點。

五、分布式直連同步調用

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@Test public?void?test5shardNormal()?{ ????List<JedisShardInfo>?shards?=?Arrays.asList( ????????????new?JedisShardInfo("localhost",6379), ????????????new?JedisShardInfo("localhost",6380)); ????ShardedJedis?sharding?=?new?ShardedJedis(shards); ????long?start?=?System.currentTimeMillis(); ????for?(int?i?=?0;?i?<?100000;?i++)?{ ????????String?result?=?sharding.set("sn"?+?i,?"n"?+?i); ????} ????long?end?=?System.currentTimeMillis(); ????System.out.println("Simple@Sharing?SET:?"?+?((end?-?start)/1000.0)?+?"?seconds"); ????sharding.disconnect(); }

這個是分布式直接連接，并且是同步調用，每步執行都返回執行結果。類似地，還有異步管道調用。

六、分布式直連異步調用

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@Test public?void?test6shardpipelined()?{ ????List<JedisShardInfo>?shards?=?Arrays.asList( ????????????new?JedisShardInfo("localhost",6379), ????????????new?JedisShardInfo("localhost",6380)); ????ShardedJedis?sharding?=?new?ShardedJedis(shards); ????ShardedJedisPipeline?pipeline?=?sharding.pipelined(); ????long?start?=?System.currentTimeMillis(); ????for?(int?i?=?0;?i?<?100000;?i++)?{ ????????pipeline.set("sp"?+?i,?"p"?+?i); ????} ????List<Object>?results?=?pipeline.syncAndReturnAll(); ????long?end?=?System.currentTimeMillis(); ????System.out.println("Pipelined@Sharing?SET:?"?+?((end?-?start)/1000.0)?+?"?seconds"); ????sharding.disconnect(); }

七、分布式連接池同步調用

如果，你的分布式調用代碼是運行在線程中，那么上面兩個直連調用方式就不合適了，因為直連方式是非線程安全的，這個時候，你就必須選擇連接池調用。

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@Test public?void?test7shardSimplePool()?{ ????List<JedisShardInfo>?shards?=?Arrays.asList( ????????????new?JedisShardInfo("localhost",6379), ????????????new?JedisShardInfo("localhost",6380)); ????ShardedJedisPool?pool?=?new?ShardedJedisPool(new?JedisPoolConfig(),?shards); ????ShardedJedis?one?=?pool.getResource(); ????long?start?=?System.currentTimeMillis(); ????for?(int?i?=?0;?i?<?100000;?i++)?{ ????????String?result?=?one.set("spn"?+?i,?"n"?+?i); ????} ????long?end?=?System.currentTimeMillis(); ????pool.returnResource(one); ????System.out.println("Simple@Pool?SET:?"?+?((end?-?start)/1000.0)?+?"?seconds"); ????pool.destroy(); }

上面是同步方式，當然還有異步方式。

八、分布式連接池異步調用

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@Test public?void?test8shardPipelinedPool()?{ ????List<JedisShardInfo>?shards?=?Arrays.asList( ????????????new?JedisShardInfo("localhost",6379), ????????????new?JedisShardInfo("localhost",6380)); ????ShardedJedisPool?pool?=?new?ShardedJedisPool(new?JedisPoolConfig(),?shards); ????ShardedJedis?one?=?pool.getResource(); ????ShardedJedisPipeline?pipeline?=?one.pipelined(); ????long?start?=?System.currentTimeMillis(); ????for?(int?i?=?0;?i?<?100000;?i++)?{ ????????pipeline.set("sppn"?+?i,?"n"?+?i); ????} ????List<Object>?results?=?pipeline.syncAndReturnAll(); ????long?end?=?System.currentTimeMillis(); ????pool.returnResource(one); ????System.out.println("Pipelined@Pool?SET:?"?+?((end?-?start)/1000.0)?+?"?seconds"); ????pool.destroy(); }

九、需要注意的地方

事務和管道都是異步模式。在事務和管道中不能同步查詢結果。比如下面兩個調用，都是不允許的：

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?Transaction?tx?=?jedis.multi(); ?for?(int?i?=?0;?i?<?100000;?i++)?{ ?????tx.set("t"?+?i,?"t"?+?i); ?} ?System.out.println(tx.get("t1000").get());??//不允許 ?List<Object>?results?=?tx.exec(); ?… ?… ?Pipeline?pipeline?=?jedis.pipelined(); ?long?start?=?System.currentTimeMillis(); ?for?(int?i?=?0;?i?<?100000;?i++)?{ ?????pipeline.set("p"?+?i,?"p"?+?i); ?} ?System.out.println(pipeline.get("p1000").get());?//不允許 ?List<Object>?results?=?pipeline.syncAndReturnAll();

事務和管道都是異步的，個人感覺，在管道中再進行事務調用，沒有必要，不如直接進行事務模式。

分布式中，連接池的性能比直連的性能略好(見后續測試部分)。

分布式調用中不支持事務。

因為事務是在服務器端實現，而在分布式中，每批次的調用對象都可能訪問不同的機器，所以，沒法進行事務。

十、測試

運行上面的代碼，進行測試，其結果如下：

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Simple?SET:?5.227?seconds Transaction?SET:?0.5?seconds Pipelined?SET:?0.353?seconds Pipelined?transaction:?0.509?seconds Simple@Sharing?SET:?5.289?seconds Pipelined@Sharing?SET:?0.348?seconds Simple@Pool?SET:?5.039?seconds Pipelined@Pool?SET:?0.401?seconds

另外，經測試分布式中用到的機器越多，調用會越慢。上面是2片，下面是5片：

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Simple@Sharing?SET:?5.494?seconds Pipelined@Sharing?SET:?0.51?seconds Simple@Pool?SET:?5.223?seconds Pipelined@Pool?SET:?0.518?seconds

下面是10片：

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Simple@Sharing?SET:?5.9?seconds Pipelined@Sharing?SET:?0.794?seconds Simple@Pool?SET:?5.624?seconds Pipelined@Pool?SET:?0.762?seconds

下面是100片：

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Simple@Sharing?SET:?14.055?seconds Pipelined@Sharing?SET:?8.185?seconds Simple@Pool?SET:?13.29?seconds Pipelined@Pool?SET:?7.767?seconds

分布式中，連接池方式調用不但線程安全外，根據上面的測試數據，也可以看出連接池比直連的效率更好。

十一、完整的測試代碼

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package?com.example.nosqlclient; import?java.util.Arrays; import?java.util.List; import?org.junit.AfterClass; import?org.junit.BeforeClass; import?org.junit.Test; import?redis.clients.jedis.Jedis; import?redis.clients.jedis.JedisPoolConfig; import?redis.clients.jedis.JedisShardInfo; import?redis.clients.jedis.Pipeline; import?redis.clients.jedis.ShardedJedis; import?redis.clients.jedis.ShardedJedisPipeline; import?redis.clients.jedis.ShardedJedisPool; import?redis.clients.jedis.Transaction; import?org.junit.FixMethodOrder; import?org.junit.runners.MethodSorters; @FixMethodOrder(MethodSorters.NAME_ASCENDING) public?class?TestJedis?{ ????private?static?Jedis?jedis; ????private?static?ShardedJedis?sharding; ????private?static?ShardedJedisPool?pool; ????@BeforeClass ????public?static?void?setUpBeforeClass()?throws?Exception?{ ????????List<JedisShardInfo>?shards?=?Arrays.asList( ????????????????new?JedisShardInfo("localhost",6379), ????????????????new?JedisShardInfo("localhost",6379));?//使用相同的ip:port,僅作測試 ????????jedis?=?new?Jedis("localhost");? ????????sharding?=?new?ShardedJedis(shards); ????????pool?=?new?ShardedJedisPool(new?JedisPoolConfig(),?shards); ????} ????@AfterClass ????public?static?void?tearDownAfterClass()?throws?Exception?{ ????????jedis.disconnect(); ????????sharding.disconnect(); ????????pool.destroy(); ????} ????@Test ????public?void?test1Normal()?{ ????????long?start?=?System.currentTimeMillis(); ????????for?(int?i?=?0;?i?<?100000;?i++)?{ ????????????String?result?=?jedis.set("n"?+?i,?"n"?+?i); ????????} ????????long?end?=?System.currentTimeMillis(); ????????System.out.println("Simple?SET:?"?+?((end?-?start)/1000.0)?+?"?seconds"); ????} ????@Test ????public?void?test2Trans()?{ ????????long?start?=?System.currentTimeMillis(); ????????Transaction?tx?=?jedis.multi(); ????????for?(int?i?=?0;?i?<?100000;?i++)?{ ????????????tx.set("t"?+?i,?"t"?+?i); ????????} ????????//System.out.println(tx.get("t1000").get()); ????????List<Object>?results?=?tx.exec(); ????????long?end?=?System.currentTimeMillis(); ????????System.out.println("Transaction?SET:?"?+?((end?-?start)/1000.0)?+?"?seconds"); ????} ????@Test ????public?void?test3Pipelined()?{ ????????Pipeline?pipeline?=?jedis.pipelined(); ????????long?start?=?System.currentTimeMillis(); ????????for?(int?i?=?0;?i?<?100000;?i++)?{ ????????????pipeline.set("p"?+?i,?"p"?+?i); ????????} ????????//System.out.println(pipeline.get("p1000").get()); ????????List<Object>?results?=?pipeline.syncAndReturnAll(); ????????long?end?=?System.currentTimeMillis(); ????????System.out.println("Pipelined?SET:?"?+?((end?-?start)/1000.0)?+?"?seconds"); ????} ????@Test ????public?void?test4combPipelineTrans()?{ ????????long?start?=?System.currentTimeMillis(); ????????Pipeline?pipeline?=?jedis.pipelined(); ????????pipeline.multi(); ????????for?(int?i?=?0;?i?<?100000;?i++)?{ ????????????pipeline.set(""?+?i,?""?+?i); ????????} ????????pipeline.exec(); ????????List<Object>?results?=?pipeline.syncAndReturnAll(); ????????long?end?=?System.currentTimeMillis(); ????????System.out.println("Pipelined?transaction:?"?+?((end?-?start)/1000.0)?+?"?seconds"); ????} ????@Test ????public?void?test5shardNormal()?{ ????????long?start?=?System.currentTimeMillis(); ????????for?(int?i?=?0;?i?<?100000;?i++)?{ ????????????String?result?=?sharding.set("sn"?+?i,?"n"?+?i); ????????} ????????long?end?=?System.currentTimeMillis(); ????????System.out.println("Simple@Sharing?SET:?"?+?((end?-?start)/1000.0)?+?"?seconds"); ????} ????@Test ????public?void?test6shardpipelined()?{ ????????ShardedJedisPipeline?pipeline?=?sharding.pipelined(); ????????long?start?=?System.currentTimeMillis(); ????????for?(int?i?=?0;?i?<?100000;?i++)?{ ????????????pipeline.set("sp"?+?i,?"p"?+?i); ????????} ????????List<Object>?results?=?pipeline.syncAndReturnAll(); ????????long?end?=?System.currentTimeMillis(); ????????System.out.println("Pipelined@Sharing?SET:?"?+?((end?-?start)/1000.0)?+?"?seconds"); ????} ????@Test ????public?void?test7shardSimplePool()?{ ????????ShardedJedis?one?=?pool.getResource(); ????????long?start?=?System.currentTimeMillis(); ????????for?(int?i?=?0;?i?<?100000;?i++)?{ ????????????String?result?=?one.set("spn"?+?i,?"n"?+?i); ????????} ????????long?end?=?System.currentTimeMillis(); ????????pool.returnResource(one); ????????System.out.println("Simple@Pool?SET:?"?+?((end?-?start)/1000.0)?+?"?seconds"); ????} ????@Test ????public?void?test8shardPipelinedPool()?{ ????????ShardedJedis?one?=?pool.getResource(); ????????ShardedJedisPipeline?pipeline?=?one.pipelined(); ????????long?start?=?System.currentTimeMillis(); ????????for?(int?i?=?0;?i?<?100000;?i++)?{ ????????????pipeline.set("sppn"?+?i,?"n"?+?i); ????????} ????????List<Object>?results?=?pipeline.syncAndReturnAll(); ????????long?end?=?System.currentTimeMillis(); ????????pool.returnResource(one); ????????System.out.println("Pipelined@Pool?SET:?"?+?((end?-?start)/1000.0)?+?"?seconds"); ????} }

參考:http://www.open-open.com/lib/view/open1410485827242.html

轉載于:https://www.cnblogs.com/songjinduo/p/5151139.html

總結

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