最近折騰Centos自動化安裝，需要的dhcp服務，使用yum -y install dhcp安裝dhcp、dhcp-common的rpm包，啟動dhcp時異常報錯，

由于dhcp是及服務，關于dhcp啟動失敗可以查看操作系統日志/var/log/messages，使用service dhcpd start時報錯如下：

[root@localhost log]# tail -f messages

May 13 20:30:45 localhost dhcpd: Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Server 4.1.1-P1

May 13 20:30:45 localhost dhcpd: Copyright 2004-2010 Internet Systems Consortium.

May 13 20:30:45 localhost dhcpd: All rights reserved.

May 13 20:30:45 localhost dhcpd: For info, please visit

May 13 20:30:45 localhost dhcpd: Not searching LDAP since ldap-server, ldap-port and ldap-base-dn were not specified in the config file

May 13 20:30:45 localhost dhcpd: Wrote 0 leases to leases file.

May 13 20:30:45 localhost dhcpd:

May 13 20:30:45 localhost dhcpd:?No subnet declaration for eth1 (192.168.48.134).

May 13 20:30:45 localhost dhcpd: ** Ignoring requests on eth1. ?If this is not what

May 13 20:30:45 localhost dhcpd: ? ?you want, please write a subnet declaration

May 13 20:30:45 localhost dhcpd: ? ?in your dhcpd.conf file for the network segment

May 13 20:30:45 localhost dhcpd: ? ?to which interface eth1 is attached. **

May 13 20:30:45 localhost dhcpd:

May 13 20:30:45 localhost dhcpd:

May 13 20:30:45 localhost dhcpd: Not configured to listen on any interfaces!

May 13 20:30:45 localhost dhcpd:

May 13 20:30:45 localhost dhcpd: This version of ISC DHCP is based on the release available

May 13 20:30:45 localhost dhcpd: on ftp.isc.org. ?Features have been added and other changes

May 13 20:30:45 localhost dhcpd: have been made to the base software release in order to make

May 13 20:30:45 localhost dhcpd: it work better with this distribution.

May 13 20:30:45 localhost dhcpd:

May 13 20:30:45 localhost dhcpd: Please report for this software via the CentOS Bugs Database:

May 13 20:30:45 localhost dhcpd:

May 13 20:30:45 localhost dhcpd:

May 13 20:30:45 localhost dhcpd: exiting.

針對dhcp啟動No subnet declaration for eth的報錯，需要排查確認信息：

1、dhcp報錯提示的ethn網卡與dhcp配置文件在同一網段確定subnet為192.168.48.0

[root@myserver tftpboot]# cat /etc/dhcpd.conf

ddns-update-style none; #設置DHCP服務器模式

ignore client-updates; #禁止客戶端更新

subnet?192.168.48.0?netmask 255.255.255.0 { #設置網段

option routers 192.168.48.254; #設置網關

range ?192.168.48.160 192.168.48.200; #設置dhcp服務器IP地址租用的范圍

default-lease-time 604800; #默認租約時間

max-lease-time 605800; #最大租約時間

next-server 192.168.48.134; #tftp服務器地址

filename "pxelinux.0"; #tftp服務器根目錄下面的文件名

}

[root@myserver tftpboot]#

2、使用vmware虛擬機時，需要注意dhcp配置的subnet在eth0網卡Ip所在網段，并且eth0不能是hostonly，可以是橋接模式或NAT模式，

同時需要在linux主機內ping通vmware自己的網卡Ip地址。

然后，啟動dhcp不使用service dhcpd start而使用dhcpd -cf /etc/dhcpd.conf eth1在dhcp啟動的時候指定dhcp監聽的網卡，

dhcp啟動就能正常啟動了。

[root@myserver tftpboot]# dhcpd -cf /etc/dhcpd.conf eth1

Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Server 4.1.1-P1

Copyright 2004-2010 Internet Systems Consortium.

All rights reserved.

For info, please visit

he config file

Wrote 2 leases to leases file.

Listening on LPF/eth1/00:0c:29:89:78:3d/192.168.48.0/24

Sending on ? LPF/eth1/00:0c:29:89:78:3d/192.168.48.0/24

Sending on ? Socket/fallback/fallback-net

[root@myserver tftpboot]# There's already a DHCP server running.

This version of ISC DHCP is based on the release available

on ftp.isc.org. ?Features have been added and other changes

have been made to the base software release in order to make

it work better with this distribution.

Please report for this software via the CentOS Bugs Database:

exiting.

[root@myserver tftpboot]# service dhcpd status

dhcpd (pid ?2501) is running...

[root@myserver tftpboot]#

如果需要開機自動啟動dhcp，這時再使用命令chkconfig dhcp on，可以將dhcpd -cf /etc/dhcpd.conf eth1添加到/etc/rc.local

總結

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