SpringMVC的路徑匹配規則是依照Ant的來的.

實際上不只是SpringMVC,整個Spring框架的路徑解析都是按照Ant的風格來的.

在Spring中的具體實現,詳情參見?org.springframework.util.AntPathMatcher.

具體規則如下(來自Spring AntPathMatcher源碼注釋):

* {@link PathMatcher} implementation for Ant-style path patterns.** <p>Part of this mapping code has been kindly borrowed from <a href="http://ant.apache.org">Apache Ant</a>.** <p>The mapping matches URLs using the following rules:<br>* <ul>* <li>{@code ?} matches one character</li>* <li>{@code *} matches zero or more characters</li>* <li>{@code **} matches zero or more <em>directories</em> in a path</li>* <li>{@code {spring:[a-z]+}} matches the regexp {@code [a-z]+} as a path variable named "spring"</li>* </ul>** <h3>Examples</h3>* <ul>* <li>{@code com/t?st.jsp} &mdash; matches {@code com/test.jsp} but also* {@code com/tast.jsp} or {@code com/txst.jsp}</li>* <li>{@code com/*.jsp} &mdash; matches all {@code .jsp} files in the* {@code com} directory</li>* <li><code>com/&#42;&#42;/test.jsp</code> &mdash; matches all {@code test.jsp}* files underneath the {@code com} path</li>* <li><code>org/springframework/&#42;&#42;/*.jsp</code> &mdash; matches all* {@code .jsp} files underneath the {@code org/springframework} path</li>* <li><code>org/&#42;&#42;/servlet/bla.jsp</code> &mdash; matches* {@code org/springframework/servlet/bla.jsp} but also* {@code org/springframework/testing/servlet/bla.jsp} and {@code org/servlet/bla.jsp}</li>* <li>{@code com/{filename:\\w+}.jsp} will match {@code com/test.jsp} and assign the value {@code test}* to the {@code filename} variable</li>* </ul>** <p><strong>Note:</strong> a pattern and a path must both be absolute or must* both be relative in order for the two to match. Therefore it is recommended* that users of this implementation to sanitize patterns in order to prefix* them with "/" as it makes sense in the context in which they're used.

換成人話就是:

• ??匹配1個字符
• *?匹配0個或多個字符
• **?匹配路徑中的0個或多個目錄
• {spring:[a-z]+}?將正則表達式[a-z]+匹配到的值,賦值給名為?spring?的路徑變量.(PS:必須是完全匹配才行,在SpringMVC中只有完全匹配才會進入controller層的方法)

一個一個的分析.

符號??

和其它幾個不一樣的是,??要求必須為一個字符,并且不能是代表路徑分隔符的/.

@RequestMapping("/index?") @ResponseBody public String index(){System.out.println("11");return "11"; }

結果:

index false 404錯誤(必須要有一個字符) index/ false 404錯誤(不能為"/") indexab false 404錯誤(不能是多個字符) indexa true 輸出 11

符號?*

*,雖然可以匹配多個任意的字符,但是,如果你以為?*?可以替代?**?那就錯了,*?代表的多個任意字符組成的字符串不能是個 目錄 或者說 路徑.也就是說,*?并不能拿來替代?**.

示例代碼:

@RequestMapping("/index*") @ResponseBody public String index(){System.out.println("11");return "11"; }

結果:

index true 輸出 11(可以為0字符) index/ true 輸出 11(可以為"/") indexa true 輸出 11(可以為1個字符) indexabc true 輸出 11(可以為多個字符) index/a false 404錯誤("/a"是一個路徑)

符號?**

0個或多個目錄.**?代表的字符串本身不一定要包含?/

@RequestMapping("/index/**/a") @ResponseBody public String index(){System.out.println();return "11"; }

結果:

index/a true 輸出 11(可以為0個目錄) index/x/a true 輸出 11(可以為一個目錄) index/x/z/c/a true 輸出 11(可以為多個目錄)

符號?{spring:[a-z]+}

其它的關于?AntPathMatcher?的文章里,對?{spring:[a-z]+}?的匹配大多是只字未提.這里補充下.

示例代碼:

@RequestMapping("/index/{username:[a-b]+}") @ResponseBody public String index(@PathVariable("username") String username){System.out.println(username);return username; }

結果:

index/ab true 輸出 ab index/abbaaa true 輸出 abbaaa index/a false 404錯誤 index/ac false 404錯誤

附錄(完整測試用例)

節選自?AntPathMatcherTests.不得不說?Spring?的測試用例寫的實在是太完善了.

// test exact matching assertTrue(pathMatcher.match("test", "test")); assertTrue(pathMatcher.match("/test", "/test")); assertTrue(pathMatcher.match("http://example.org", "http://example.org")); // SPR-14141 assertFalse(pathMatcher.match("/test.jpg", "test.jpg")); assertFalse(pathMatcher.match("test", "/test")); assertFalse(pathMatcher.match("/test", "test"));// test matching with ?'s assertTrue(pathMatcher.match("t?st", "test")); assertTrue(pathMatcher.match("??st", "test")); assertTrue(pathMatcher.match("tes?", "test")); assertTrue(pathMatcher.match("te??", "test")); assertTrue(pathMatcher.match("?es?", "test")); assertFalse(pathMatcher.match("tes?", "tes")); assertFalse(pathMatcher.match("tes?", "testt")); assertFalse(pathMatcher.match("tes?", "tsst"));// test matching with *'s assertTrue(pathMatcher.match("*", "test")); assertTrue(pathMatcher.match("test*", "test")); assertTrue(pathMatcher.match("test*", "testTest")); assertTrue(pathMatcher.match("test/*", "test/Test")); assertTrue(pathMatcher.match("test/*", "test/t")); assertTrue(pathMatcher.match("test/*", "test/")); assertTrue(pathMatcher.match("*test*", "AnothertestTest")); assertTrue(pathMatcher.match("*test", "Anothertest")); assertTrue(pathMatcher.match("*.*", "test.")); assertTrue(pathMatcher.match("*.*", "test.test")); assertTrue(pathMatcher.match("*.*", "test.test.test")); assertTrue(pathMatcher.match("test*aaa", "testblaaaa")); assertFalse(pathMatcher.match("test*", "tst")); assertFalse(pathMatcher.match("test*", "tsttest")); assertFalse(pathMatcher.match("test*", "test/")); assertFalse(pathMatcher.match("test*", "test/t")); assertFalse(pathMatcher.match("test/*", "test")); assertFalse(pathMatcher.match("*test*", "tsttst")); assertFalse(pathMatcher.match("*test", "tsttst")); assertFalse(pathMatcher.match("*.*", "tsttst")); assertFalse(pathMatcher.match("test*aaa", "test")); assertFalse(pathMatcher.match("test*aaa", "testblaaab"));// test matching with ?'s and /'s assertTrue(pathMatcher.match("/?", "/a")); assertTrue(pathMatcher.match("/?/a", "/a/a")); assertTrue(pathMatcher.match("/a/?", "/a/b")); assertTrue(pathMatcher.match("/??/a", "/aa/a")); assertTrue(pathMatcher.match("/a/??", "/a/bb")); assertTrue(pathMatcher.match("/?", "/a"));// test matching with **'s assertTrue(pathMatcher.match("/**", "/testing/testing")); assertTrue(pathMatcher.match("/*/**", "/testing/testing")); assertTrue(pathMatcher.match("/**/*", "/testing/testing")); assertTrue(pathMatcher.match("/bla/**/bla", "/bla/testing/testing/bla")); assertTrue(pathMatcher.match("/bla/**/bla", "/bla/testing/testing/bla/bla")); assertTrue(pathMatcher.match("/**/test", "/bla/bla/test")); assertTrue(pathMatcher.match("/bla/**/**/bla", "/bla/bla/bla/bla/bla/bla")); assertTrue(pathMatcher.match("/bla*bla/test", "/blaXXXbla/test")); assertTrue(pathMatcher.match("/*bla/test", "/XXXbla/test")); assertFalse(pathMatcher.match("/bla*bla/test", "/blaXXXbl/test")); assertFalse(pathMatcher.match("/*bla/test", "XXXblab/test")); assertFalse(pathMatcher.match("/*bla/test", "XXXbl/test"));assertFalse(pathMatcher.match("/????", "/bala/bla")); assertFalse(pathMatcher.match("/**/*bla", "/bla/bla/bla/bbb"));assertTrue(pathMatcher.match("/*bla*/**/bla/**", "/XXXblaXXXX/testing/testing/bla/testing/testing/")); assertTrue(pathMatcher.match("/*bla*/**/bla/*", "/XXXblaXXXX/testing/testing/bla/testing")); assertTrue(pathMatcher.match("/*bla*/**/bla/**", "/XXXblaXXXX/testing/testing/bla/testing/testing")); assertTrue(pathMatcher.match("/*bla*/**/bla/**", "/XXXblaXXXX/testing/testing/bla/testing/testing.jpg"));assertTrue(pathMatcher.match("*bla*/**/bla/**", "XXXblaXXXX/testing/testing/bla/testing/testing/")); assertTrue(pathMatcher.match("*bla*/**/bla/*", "XXXblaXXXX/testing/testing/bla/testing")); assertTrue(pathMatcher.match("*bla*/**/bla/**", "XXXblaXXXX/testing/testing/bla/testing/testing")); assertFalse(pathMatcher.match("*bla*/**/bla/*", "XXXblaXXXX/testing/testing/bla/testing/testing"));assertFalse(pathMatcher.match("/x/x/**/bla", "/x/x/x/"));assertTrue(pathMatcher.match("/foo/bar/**", "/foo/bar")) ;assertTrue(pathMatcher.match("", ""));assertTrue(pathMatcher.match("/{bla}.*", "/testing.html"));

轉載于:https://www.cnblogs.com/hypnotizer/p/7085399.html

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