集合一些方法陷阱
一:asList ?數(shù)組轉(zhuǎn)ArrayList陷阱:
asList() 源碼: public static <T> List<T> asList(T... a) { return new ArrayList<T>(a); } private final E[] a; ArrayList(E[] array) { if (array==null) throw new NullPointerException(); a = array; } 分析:需要注意以下幾點(diǎn): (1)總所周知,泛型對(duì)應(yīng)的是對(duì)象類型,所以?asList(),轉(zhuǎn)ArrayList的時(shí)候,數(shù)組的元素不能是基本數(shù)據(jù)類型。 (2) asList(),轉(zhuǎn)換后的List不能進(jìn)行add(),remove()等操作。返回一個(gè)受指定數(shù)組支持的固定大小的列表,對(duì)返回列表的更改會(huì)“直接寫”到數(shù)組。 public static void test1(){//1 asList(),轉(zhuǎn)ArrayList的時(shí)候,數(shù)組的元素不能是基本數(shù)據(jù)類型。int i[]={11,22,33}; List intList=Arrays.asList(i); System.out.println(intList.size());//結(jié)果:1,原因:asList將int i[] 當(dāng)做了參數(shù) }public static void test2(){//2 asList(),轉(zhuǎn)換后的List不能進(jìn)行add(),remove()等操作。//原因:返回一個(gè)受指定數(shù)組支持的固定大小的列表,對(duì)返回列表的更改會(huì)“直接寫”到數(shù)組。String s[]={"aa","bb","cc"}; List<String> sList=Arrays.asList(s); sList.add("dd");//error}?
那么如何正確的將數(shù)組轉(zhuǎn)ArraysList呢? public static void test3(){//方法一String s[]={"aa","bb","cc"};List<String> list1 = new ArrayList<String>(Arrays.asList(s));list1.remove(0);//ok//方法二:List<String> list2 = new ArrayList<String>(s.length);list2.addAll(Arrays.asList(s));list2.remove(0);//ok//方法三:List<String> list3 = new ArrayList<String>(s.length);Collections.addAll(list3, s);System.out.println(list3.remove(0));//ok//對(duì)于基本類型,可以使用apache commons-lang工具包int i[]={11,22,33};//先把基本類型轉(zhuǎn)換一下,再用上面3種方法轉(zhuǎn)換Integer[] ii = ArrayUtils.toObject(i);List<Integer> list4 = new ArrayList<Integer>(ii.length);Collections.addAll(list4, ii);//ok}?
commons-lang3-3.1.jar 下還有許多類似的工具。如: 二 list.toArray() 陷阱: //java中的強(qiáng)制類型轉(zhuǎn)換只能轉(zhuǎn)換單個(gè)對(duì)象,所以不能使用這樣的代碼將 toArray 返回的數(shù)組強(qiáng)轉(zhuǎn)為 String[] String[] arr=(String[])list.toArray();//會(huì)出現(xiàn)java.lang.ClassCastException 正確的用法: public static void test4(){String s[]={"aa","bb","cc"};List<String> list1 = new ArrayList<String>(Arrays.asList(s));String[] s1 = new String[list1.size()]; list1.toArray(s1);System.out.println(Arrays.toString(s1));} 三 ?list.subList() 大陷阱: 注意: (1)用此方法生成列表后,不要再去操作源列表(原因:可分析源碼) (2)用此方法生成列表list1,對(duì)list1進(jìn)行的add,remove,最終還是在操作源列表。 看下面錯(cuò)誤案例: 清單1: public static void test6(){String s[]={"aa","bb","cc","dd","ee"};List<String> list1 = new ArrayList<String>(Arrays.asList(s));List<String> list2 = list1.subList(0, 1);System.out.println("list2 size: "+list2.size());list1.add("ff");System.out.println("list2 size: " + list2.size());//error} 結(jié)果:?java.util.ConcurrentModificationException 清單2: public static void test5(){String s[]={"aa","bb","cc","dd","ee"};List<String> list1 = new ArrayList<String>(Arrays.asList(s));List<String> list2 = list1.subList(0, 1);System.out.println("list1 size: "+list1.size());System.out.println("list2 size: "+list2.size());//用此方法生成列表list1,對(duì)list1進(jìn)行的add,remove,最終還是在操作源列表。list2.add("ff");System.out.println("----操作list2-----"); System.out.println("list1 size: "+list1.size()); System.out.println("list2 size: "+list2.size());} 結(jié)果: list1?size:?5 list2?size:?1 ----操作list2----- list1?size:?6 list2?size:?2?? 需要操作子列表,需要拷貝一份出來: 清單3: public static void test7(){String s[]={"aa","bb","cc","dd","ee"};List<String> list1 = new ArrayList<String>(Arrays.asList(s));List<String> list2 = new ArrayList<String>(Arrays.asList(s));//拷貝一份出來list2.addAll(list1.subList(0, 1));System.out.println("list1 size: "+list1.size());System.out.println("list2 size: "+list2.size());list2.add("ff");System.out.println("----操作list2-----"); System.out.println("list1 size: "+list1.size()); System.out.println("list2 size: "+list2.size());}?
結(jié)果: list1?size:?5 list2?size:?6 ----操作list2----- list1?size:?5 list2?size:?7??轉(zhuǎn)載于:https://www.cnblogs.com/xiaozhuanfeng/p/9581648.html
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