1991?羅賓·米爾納（Robin Milner）

Robin Milner(13 January 1934 – 20 March 2010) Introduction?:

　　Milner was born in?Yealmpton, near?Plymouth,?England?into a military family. He was awarded a scholarship to?Eton College?in 1947, and subsequently served in the?Royal Engineers, attaining the rank of Second Lieutenant. He then enrolled at?King's College, Cambridge, graduating in 1957. Milner first worked as a schoolteacher then as a?programmer?at?Ferranti, before entering academia at?City University, London, then?Swansea University,?Stanford University, and from 1973 at the?University of Edinburgh, where he was a co-founder of the?Laboratory for Foundations of Computer Science?(LFCS). He returned to?Cambridge?as the head of the?Computer Laboratory?in 1995 from which he eventually stepped down, although he was still at the laboratory. From 2009, Milner was a SICSA Advanced Research Fellow and held (part-time) the Chair of Computer Science at the?University of Edinburgh.

　　Milner died of a?heart attack?on 20 March 2010 in Cambridge.?His wife, Lucy, died shortly before him.

　　Robin Milner于1934年出生于Plymouth, 他是英國皇家學會成員，ACM會士。1952年，Milner畢業于劍橋大學King學院。劍橋大學畢業后，Milner先后就職于Ferranti公司，倫敦城市大學，Swansea大學，斯坦福大學。1973年，就任與University of Edinburgh. 1995年，Milner回到劍橋大學計算機實驗室出任教授。

　　1991年獲得世界計算機領域最高獎“圖靈獎”。在計算機程序設計語言方面，米爾納和戈頓等人一起提出了形式化邏輯系統的數學模型，實現了他稱之為LCF的一個系統——“可計算函數的邏輯”。另一方面的貢獻是關于并發計算(concurrentcomputing)和并行計算（parallelcomputing）。

Awards Time：

　　1991年。第二十六位圖靈獎?(1991年)?獲得者?。

Honors and awards：

　　Milner is generally regarded as having made three major contributions to?computer science. He developed?LCF, one of the first tools for?automated theorem proving. The language he developed for LCF,ML, was the first language with polymorphic?type inference?and type-safe?exception handling. In a very different area, Milner also developed a theoretical framework for analyzing?concurrent systems, the?calculus of communicating systems?(CCS), and its successor, the?pi-calculus. At the time of his death, he was working on?bigraphs, a formalism for?ubiquitous computing?subsuming CCS and the pi-calculus.?He is also credited for rediscovering the?Hindley–Milner type system.

　　由于在可計算函數邏輯(LCF)、ML和并行理論(CCS)這三個方面突出和完美的貢獻。

　　He was made a Fellow of the?Royal Society?in 1988 and received the?ACM?Turing Award?in 1991. In 1994 he was inducted as a?Fellow?of the?ACM. In 2004, the?Royal Society of Edinburgh?awarded Milner with a Royal Medal for his "bringing about public benefits on a global scale". In 2008, he was elected a Foreign Associate of the?National Academy of Engineering?for "fundamental contributions to computer science, including the development of LCF, ML, CCS, and the pi-calculus."

圖靈獎引用(Turing Award Citation)?：

Citation

For three distinct and complete achievements:

1) LCF, the mechanization of Scott's Logic of Computable Functions, probably the first theoretically based yet practical tool for machine assisted proof construction;

2) ML, the first language to include polymorphic type inference together with a type-safe exception-handling mechanism;

3) CCS, a general theory of concurrency. In addition, he formulated and strongly advanced full abstraction, the study of the relationship between operational and denotational semantics.

中?文?翻?譯?：

(?授?予?Robin Milner?圖?靈?獎?以?表?彰?其?在?)?三個研究領域的杰出的和完整性的成就：

1. LCF,?一個(Dana Scott)的可計算函數邏輯(Logic of Computable Functions)的實現機制，(可能)是第一個理論上和實踐上都具備的計算機證明(數學)定理的工具。

2. ML,?第一個具有多態的類型推理和具有安全類型的異常處理機制的(編程)語言。

3. CCS,?一個并發系統的綜合理論。

另外，Robin Milner在operational?和denotational的語義關系方面進行了公式化的描述和深入的研究。

1992 Butler W. Lampson

Butler?W. Lampson(1943--)簡介?:

　　Butler W. Lampson?(born December 23, 1943) is an American?computer scientist?contributing to the development and implementation of distributed,?personal computing. He is a Technical Fellow at?Microsoft?and an?adjunct professor?at?MIT.

Lampson出生于1943年。1964年Lampson從哈佛大學獲得其物理學士學位。1967年從UC?Berkeley獲得其電子工程與計算機科學的博士學位。

60年代，Lampson加入了UC Berkeley得GENIE項目。1965年，與Peter?Deutsch一道，開發了SDS?940操作系統。

1970年，Lampson參與組建了著名的XEROX?PARC研發中心。Lamson任職于舉世聞名的計算機科學實驗室(Computer Science Laboratory CSL)。

在PARC?CSL工作其間，Lampson在個人計算機的發明領域做出了極大的貢獻，并且是XEROX的D系列計算機的主要貢獻者之一。

另外，Lampson也參與了許多PARC的著名的項目和發明工作，例如，激光打印機，WYSIWYG(所見即所得)，以太網(Ethernet)，局域網(Local Area Network)，程序設計語言等等。

80年代，Lampson離開XEROX PAR，加入了DEC(digital Equipment Corporation)，目前，Lampson任職于Microsoft的研發中心，同時Lampson也是MIT的兼職教授。

Awards Time：

　　1991年。第二十七位圖靈獎?(1991年)?獲得者?。

Honors and awards：

　　由于在個人分布式計算機系統及其實現技術上的貢獻，這包括：工作站、網絡、操作系統、編程系統、顯示、安全和文檔發布。

圖靈獎引用(Turing Award Citation)?：

Citation

For contributions to the development of distributed, personal computing environments and the technology for their implementation: workstations, networks, operating systems, programming systems, displays, security and document publishing.

中?文?翻?譯?：

(?授予Butler W. Lampson?圖靈獎以表彰其在)分布式計算環境，個人計算環境的研發和實現技術，其中包括：工作站，網絡，操作系統，程序語言，(計算機)顯示，(計算機)安全和(計算機)文檔排版處理等。

注?：

Lampson是著名的XEROX?PARC研發中心的創建者之一。通常認為，Lampson與其XEROX?PARC的同事是第一個個人計算機的研發者。1972年，Lampson寫下一個備忘錄“Why?Alto?”，被認為是個人計算機的一個早期的前瞻性的文獻。

轉載于:https://www.cnblogs.com/zeze/p/6631571.html

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