概述

1、VMware本身報警可以在vcenter中獲取到，但無法通過微信或者短信通知，如果不是專門人負責也不好24小時一直查看，所以使用監控軟件進行實時監控，很有必要

2、zabbix是一款開源監控軟件，功能強大，內置很多的監控模板，還可以根據自己的需求定制模板，使用起來非常方便

3、要做的事就是使用zabbix監控Vmware

詳細步驟

一、私有云平臺zabbix_proxy搭建

在私有云平臺搭建虛擬機，配置好基礎環境，開通上網權限。

添加Zabbix安裝源

1).rpm -Uvh https://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/4.4/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-release-4.4-1.el7.noarch.rpm

2).yum clean all

3).yum install munin –nogpgcheck

安裝Proxy和Agent

yum install zabbix-proxy-mysql

創建數據庫和賬號

1)create database zabbix_proxy character set utf8 collate utf8_bin;

2)grant all privileges on zabbix_proxy.* to zabbix_proxy@'localhost' identified by 'password';

3)flush privileges;

初始化數據庫

zcat /usr/share/doc/zabbix-proxy-mysql*/schema.sql.gz | mysql -uroot -p zabbix_proxy

配置Proxy

vi /etc/zabbix/zabbix_proxy.conf

Server=XX.XX.XX.XX ???#server地址

ServerPort=10051 ??????#server端口

Hostname=XX.XX.XX.XX ?#proxy名稱，web配置代理程序時名稱要與這個一致

LogFile=/var/log/zabbix/zabbix_proxy.log ??#日志文件地址

LogFileSize=0 ???????????????

PidFile=/var/run/zabbix/zabbix_proxy.pid

SocketDir=/var/run/zabbix

DBName=zabbix_proxy ?????????#數據庫名稱，與第4步配置數據庫名稱一致

DBUser=zabbix_proxy ??????????#數據庫用戶名，與第4步配置用戶名一致

DBPassword=password ?????????#數據庫密碼，與第4步配置密碼一致

StartVMwareCollectors=6 ???????#預先配置的vmware監控實例數量

VMwareFrequency=60 ??#?獲取更新vmware集群結構的最小間隔時間（分鐘）

VMwarePerfFrequency=60 #? 從單個VMware服務檢索性能計數器統計數據的間隔時間（秒）

VMwareCacheSize=80M ???#內存中維護的vmware集群結構的大小，建議80M

VMwareTimeout=300 ?#?vmware采集器等待 VMware 服務(vCenter or ESX 管理程序)響應的最大時長 ???

SNMPTrapperFile=/tmp/zabbix_traps.tmp ?#trap使用的文件

StartSNMPTrapper=1 ?????????????????#需要trap消息的此處改為1

CacheSize=4096M

Timeout=4 ???????????#超時時間，默認是3秒，根據網絡情況而定

ExternalScripts=/usr/lib/zabbix/externalscripts

LogSlowQueries=3000

啟動proxy服務和設置開機啟動

systemctl?start?zabbix-proxy

systemctl?enable zabbix-proxy

在server頁面添加代理

?

注：名稱要與第6步中Hostname項中配置的名稱一致

至此，proxy配置完成，可以通過第6步中LogFile中日志文件的位置查看日志，來確定proxy已經正常運行。

二、在proxy所在虛擬機上安裝agent監控proxy代理

1、安裝agent：

???yum?–y?install zabbix-agent

2、配置agent

???vim?/etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf

PidFile=/var/run/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.pid

LogFile=/var/log/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.log

LogFileSize=0

Server=XX.XX.XX.XX ?????????????#直接對接server，如果是使用代理則寫代理地址

ServerActive=XX.XX.XX.XX ????????#直接對接server，如果是使用代理則寫代理地址

Hostname=XX.XX.XX.XX ?????????#hostname要跟網頁上配置時名稱一致

Timeout=10

Include=/etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.d/*.conf

三、配置vcenter監控

Esxi可以使用vcenter作為采集器監控，vcenter本身的監控只支持trap方式，此處先配置vcenter本身的監控。基本流程是vcenter把trap消息發送到代理，然后snmptrapd接受消息，調用zabbix_trap_receiver.pl腳本，這個腳本調用里面寫入的vcenter腳本，將處理后的消息寫入到/tmp/zabbix_traps.tmp，最后頁面再調用這個tmp文件

首先在vcenter上配置trap

?

?2.在proxy上安裝snmp

???yum? -y install net-snmp-*??

?

配置snmptrap文件

vim /etc/snmp/snmptrapd.conf

authCommunity ??log,execute,net [關鍵字]?#與第1步中vcentr社區字符一致

perl do "/usr/bin/zabbix_trap_receiver.pl" ????????#確定使用的perl腳本

編輯/usr/bin/zabbix_trap_receiver.pl腳本

可以官網下載源碼

#vim?/usr/bin/zabbix_trap_receiver.pl

#!/usr/bin/env perl

use NetSNMP::TrapReceiver;

use lib '/etc/zabbix/snmptrap'; ????????????#腳本存放位置

use vcenter; ???????????????????????????#根據需求寫的腳本，祥見下文第七步

#

# Zabbix

# Copyright (C) 2001-2019 Zabbix SIA

#

# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify

# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by

# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or

# (at your option) any later version.

#

# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,

# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of

# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the

# GNU General Public License for more details.

#

# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License

# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software

# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA ?02110-1301, USA.

#

#########################################

#### ABOUT ZABBIX SNMP TRAP RECEIVER ####

#########################################

# This is an embedded perl SNMP trapper receiver designed for sending data to the server.

# The receiver will pass the received SNMP traps to Zabbix server or proxy running on the

# same machine. Please configure the server/proxy accordingly.

#

# Read more about using embedded perl with Net-SNMP:

# ??http://net-snmp.sourceforge.net/wiki/index.php/Tut:Extending_snmpd_using_perl

#################################################

#### ZABBIX SNMP TRAP RECEIVER CONFIGURATION ####

#################################################

# ??as in the server (or proxy) configuration file.

#

# Mandatory: yes

# Default:

$SNMPTrapperFile = '/tmp/zabbix_traps.tmp';

### Option: DateTimeFormat

#

# Mandatory: yes

# Default:

$DateTimeFormat = '%H:%M:%S %Y/%m/%d';

###################################

#### ZABBIX SNMP TRAP RECEIVER ####

###################################

#use URI::Escape;

#use Encode;

sub zabbix_receiver

{

????my (%pdu_info) = %{$_[0]};

????my (@varbinds) = @{$_[1]};

????# open the output file

????unless (sysopen(OUTPUT_FILE, $SNMPTrapperFile, O_WRONLY|O_APPEND|O_CREAT, 0666))

????{

????????print STDERR "Cannot open [$SNMPTrapperFile]: $!\n";

????????return NETSNMPTRAPD_HANDLER_FAIL;

????}

????# get the host name

????my $hostname = $pdu_info{'receivedfrom'} || 'unknown';

????if ($hostname ne 'unknown')

????{

????????$hostname = $1 || 'unknown';

????}

????if ($hostname eq 'vc地址')

????{

???????close (OUTPUT_FILE);

???????return NETSNMPTRAPD_HANDLER_OK;

#!/usr/bin/env perl

use NetSNMP::TrapReceiver;

use lib '/etc/zabbix/snmptrap';

use vcenter;

#

# Zabbix

# Copyright (C) 2001-2019 Zabbix SIA

#

# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify

# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by

# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or

# (at your option) any later version.

#

# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,

# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of

# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the

# GNU General Public License for more details.

#

# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License

# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software

# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA ?02110-1301, USA.

#

#########################################

#### ABOUT ZABBIX SNMP TRAP RECEIVER ####

#########################################

# This is an embedded perl SNMP trapper receiver designed for sending data to the server.

# The receiver will pass the received SNMP traps to Zabbix server or proxy running on the

# same machine. Please configure the server/proxy accordingly.

#

# Read more about using embedded perl with Net-SNMP:

# ??http://net-snmp.sourceforge.net/wiki/index.php/Tut:Extending_snmpd_using_perl

#################################################

#### ZABBIX SNMP TRAP RECEIVER CONFIGURATION ####

#################################################

# ??as in the server (or proxy) configuration file.

#

# Mandatory: yes

# Default:

$SNMPTrapperFile = '/tmp/zabbix_traps.tmp';

### Option: DateTimeFormat

#

# Mandatory: yes

# Default:

$DateTimeFormat = '%H:%M:%S %Y/%m/%d';

###################################

#### ZABBIX SNMP TRAP RECEIVER ####

###################################

#use URI::Escape;

#use Encode;

sub zabbix_receiver

{

????my (%pdu_info) = %{$_[0]};

????my (@varbinds) = @{$_[1]};

????# open the output file

????unless (sysopen(OUTPUT_FILE, $SNMPTrapperFile, O_WRONLY|O_APPEND|O_CREAT, 0666))

????{

????????print STDERR "Cannot open [$SNMPTrapperFile]: $!\n";

????????return NETSNMPTRAPD_HANDLER_FAIL;

????}

????# get the host name

????my $hostname = $pdu_info{'receivedfrom'} || 'unknown';

????if ($hostname ne 'unknown')

????{

????????$hostname = $1 || 'unknown';

????}

????if ($hostname eq 'vc地址')

????{

???????close (OUTPUT_FILE);

???????return NETSNMPTRAPD_HANDLER_OK;

????}

????# print trap header

????# ??????timestamp must be placed at the beggining of the first line (can be omitted)

????# ??????the first line must include the header "ZBXTRAP [IP/DNS address] "

????# ?????????????* IP/DNS address is the used to find the corresponding SNMP trap items

????# ?????????????* this header will be cut during processing (will not appear in the item value)

????printf OUTPUT_FILE "%s ZBXTRAP %s\n", strftime($DateTimeFormat, localtime), $hostname;

????# print the PDU info

????#print OUTPUT_FILE "PDU INFO:\n";

????#foreach my $key(keys(%pdu_info))

????#{

????# ??if ($pdu_info{$key} !~ /^[[:print:]]*$/)

????# ??{

????# ??????my $OctetAsHex = unpack('H*', $pdu_info{$key}); # convert octet string to hex

????# ??????$pdu_info{$key} = "0x$OctetAsHex"; ?????# apply 0x prefix for consistency

????# ??}

#

# ??????printf OUTPUT_FILE " ?%-30s %s\n", $key, $pdu_info{$key};

# ??}

????# print the variable bindings:

????print OUTPUT_FILE "VARBINDS:\n";

????foreach my $x (@varbinds)

????{

????????$oid = $x->[0]->{'oidptr'}->to_string;

????????$val = $x->[1];

????????printf OUTPUT_FILE " ?%-30s = %s\n", $x->[0], $val;

????}

????close (OUTPUT_FILE);

????return NETSNMPTRAPD_HANDLER_OK;

}

NetSNMP::TrapReceiver::register("all", \&zabbix_receiver) or

????die "failed to register Zabbix SNMP trap receiver\n";

print STDOUT "Loaded Zabbix SNMP trap receiver\n";

將/usr/bin/zabbix_trap_receiver.pl 加執行權限直接運行，出現“Loaded Zabbix SNMP trap receiver”即為正常運行，有問題解決問題，注意net-snmp版本問題，zabbix4.4.10對應net-snmp?5.7.2-49（這個問題曾卡住好久）

更改/etc/zabbix/zabbix_proxy.conf配置文件，開啟snmptrap

???StartSNMPTrapper=1 將這里設為1

????SNMPTrapperFile=/tmp/zabbix_traps.tmp

建立SNMPTrapperFile使用的文件

???touch /tmp/zabbix_traps.tmp

編寫第4步用到的vcenter，根據第4步lib，放到/etc/zabbix/snmptrap下

vim?/etc/zabbix/snmptrap/vcenter

#!/usr/bin/env perl

use URI::Escape;

use Encode;

package vcenter;

sub to_value {

????my (@varbinds) = @{$_[0]};

????my %values = ();

????foreach my $x (@varbinds)

????{

????????my $isHex = 0;

????????my $oid = $x->[0];

????????my $val = $x->[1];

????????if($val =~ /Hex-STRING:/){

????????????$isHex = 1;

????????}

????????$val =~ s/^[^\s]+\s//g;

????????$val =~ s/(^"|"$)//g;

????????if($isHex == 1){

????????????$val =~ s/[\r\n]//g;

????????????$val = URI::Escape::uri_unescape("%" . join("%",split(/\s+/, $val)));

????????}

????????$values{$oid} = exists($oid_value{$oid}) && exists($oid_value{$oid}{$val}) ? $oid_value{$oid}{$val} : $val;

????}

????return "VC故障--$values{'.1.3.6.1.4.1.6876.4.3.306.0'}";

}

1;

重啟zabbix-proxy和snmptrap服務

/tmp/zabbix_traps.tmp是否正常收到數據。

注意：這里遇到一個大坑，/tmp/zabbix_traps.tmp能收到數據，只有VC故障--，后面的沒能解析出來，最后發現：

?少了-On這個參數。在/etc/sysconfig/snmptrapd 添加上即可。

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