前人栽樹后人涼

2015年的一篇文章，公布了核心代碼，源碼下載需要5C幣。
Android 一個簡易的自定義軟鍵盤

2018年的一篇文章，在15年文章的基礎(chǔ)上，公布了絕大多數(shù)代碼，源碼托管在Github上。
Android 自定義車牌鍵盤

這文章雖然是自己寫的，但核心思想和代碼還是離不開前輩們的基礎(chǔ)，在此致謝！！
總的說要自定義軟鍵盤，要解決三件事：
1.軟鍵盤元素和布局制作。
2.軟鍵盤彈起、消失和具體操作。
3.系統(tǒng)鍵盤的抑制。

下面來詳細說一下：

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一、軟鍵盤的制作需要Keyboard類型的XML文件內(nèi)部用Row，來詳細規(guī)定一共有幾行，每行有什么元素，以及元素的位置和編號。
由于是車牌，所以涉及：1.省簡稱，2.大寫字母A-Z，3.數(shù)字0-9。布局的設(shè)計是省簡稱一組，數(shù)字字母另一組，所以需要兩組布局。
第一組省簡稱：province_abbreviation.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <Keyboard xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"android:horizontalGap="0.0px"android:keyHeight="8%p"android:keyWidth="10%p"android:verticalGap="0.0px"><Row android:verticalGap="1%p"><Key android:codes="20140"android:horizontalGap="1%p"android:keyEdgeFlags="left"android:keyLabel="京"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key android:codes="27941"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="津"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key android:codes="20864"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="冀"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key android:codes="40065"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="魯"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key android:codes="26187"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="晉"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key android:codes="33945"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="蒙"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key android:codes="36797"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="遼"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key android:codes="21513"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="吉"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key android:codes="40657"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="黑"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key android:codes="27818"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyEdgeFlags="right"android:keyLabel="滬"android:keyWidth="8%p" /></Row><Row android:verticalGap="1%p"><Key android:codes="33487"android:horizontalGap="1%p"android:keyEdgeFlags="left"android:keyLabel="蘇"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key android:codes="27993"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="浙"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key android:codes="30358"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="皖"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key android:codes="38397"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="閩"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key android:codes="36195"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="贛"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key android:codes="35947"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="豫"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key android:codes="37122"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="鄂"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key android:codes="28248"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="湘"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key android:codes="31908"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="粵"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key android:codes="26690"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyEdgeFlags="right"android:keyLabel="桂"android:keyWidth="8%p" /></Row><Row android:verticalGap="1%p"><Key android:codes="28189"android:horizontalGap="11%p"android:keyEdgeFlags="left"android:keyLabel="渝"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key android:codes="24029"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="川"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key android:codes="36149"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="貴"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key android:codes="20113"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="云"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key android:codes="34255"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="藏"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key android:codes="38485"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="陜"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key android:codes="29976"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="甘"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key android:codes="38738"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyEdgeFlags="right"android:keyLabel="青"android:keyWidth="8%p" /></Row><Row><Key android:codes="-1"android:horizontalGap="4%p"android:isModifier="true"android:isSticky="true"android:keyEdgeFlags="left"android:keyLabel="ABC"android:keyWidth="15%p" /><Key android:codes="29756"android:horizontalGap="8%p"android:keyLabel="瓊"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key android:codes="26032"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="新"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key android:codes="23425"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="寧"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key android:codes="28207"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="港"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key android:codes="28595"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="澳"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key android:codes="21488"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="臺"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key android:codes="-3"android:horizontalGap="8%p"android:isRepeatable="true"android:keyEdgeFlags="right"android:keyLabel="刪除"android:keyWidth="13%p" /></Row></Keyboard>

省簡稱分了四行，這里要注意下最后一行“ABC”。它是切換的關(guān)鍵，android:codes=”-1”中的“-1”是鍵位的編號，這個在做觸發(fā)操作時會用到，其他的屬性有時間可以研究。

第二組字母數(shù)字：number_or_letters.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <Keyboard xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"android:horizontalGap="0.0px"android:keyHeight="8%"android:keyWidth="10%p"android:verticalGap="0.0px"><Row android:verticalGap="1%p"><Keyandroid:codes="49"android:horizontalGap="1%p"android:keyEdgeFlags="left"android:keyLabel="1"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="50"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="2"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="51"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="3"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="52"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="4"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="53"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="5"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="54"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="6"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="55"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="7"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="56"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="8"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="57"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="9"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="48"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyEdgeFlags="right"android:keyLabel="0"android:keyWidth="8%p" /></Row><Row android:verticalGap="1%p"><Keyandroid:codes="81"android:horizontalGap="1%p"android:keyEdgeFlags="left"android:keyLabel="Q"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="87"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="W"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="69"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="E"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="82"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="R"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="84"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="T"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="89"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="Y"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="85"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="U"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="73"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="I"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="79"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="O"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="80"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyEdgeFlags="right"android:keyLabel="P"android:keyWidth="8%p" /></Row><Row android:verticalGap="1%p"><Keyandroid:codes="65"android:horizontalGap="6%p"android:keyEdgeFlags="left"android:keyLabel="A"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="83"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="S"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="68"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="D"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="70"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="F"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="71"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="G"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="72"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="H"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="74"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="J"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="75"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="K"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="76"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyEdgeFlags="right"android:keyLabel="L"android:keyWidth="8%p" /></Row><Row><Keyandroid:codes="-1"android:horizontalGap="1%p"android:isModifier="true"android:isSticky="true"android:keyEdgeFlags="left"android:keyLabel="省份"android:keyWidth="13%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="90"android:horizontalGap="3%p"android:keyLabel="Z"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="88"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="X"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="67"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="C"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="86"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="V"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="66"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="B"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="78"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="N"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="77"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="M"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="-3"android:horizontalGap="3%p"android:isRepeatable="true"android:keyEdgeFlags="right"android:keyLabel="刪除"android:keyWidth="13%p" /></Row> </Keyboard>

同上，這個切換在省份，code也是-1。
然后是放置軟鍵盤，由于是自定義的，所以需要放置在相應(yīng)的布局中（include應(yīng)該也可以，我沒試過）。要在底端顯示，布局最好是RelativeLayout。示例代碼如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="match_parent"><EditText android:id="@+id/et_keyboard"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"android:layout_margin="20dp"android:background="#ACE"android:hint="車牌號"android:padding="10dp" /><android.inputmethodservice.KeyboardView android:id="@+id/keyboard_view"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"android:background="#DCDCDC"android:focusable="true"android:focusableInTouchMode="true"android:keyBackground="@drawable/selector_key"android:keyTextColor="#000"android:keyTextSize="16sp"android:paddingBottom="8dp"android:paddingTop="8dp"android:shadowColor="#FFFFFF"android:shadowRadius="0.0"android:visibility="gone" /></RelativeLayout>

相信我，自定義軟鍵盤如果難看，會非常難看！！我們需要加上樣式，
即：android:keyBackground=”@drawable/selector_key”
selector_key.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"><item android:drawable="@drawable/shape_key_normal" android:state_pressed="true" /><item android:drawable="@drawable/shape_key_pressed" /> </selector>

shape_key_normal.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"><corners android:radius="5dp"/><solid android:color="@android:color/darker_gray" /> </shape>

shape_key_pressed.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"><corners android:radius="5dp"/><solid android:color="#ffffff" /> </shape>

布局到這里就完了，具體情況需要微調(diào)布局。下面是軟鍵盤的處理邏輯。

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二、軟鍵盤的處理邏輯
由于需要對軟鍵盤進行一系列的操作，所以最好定義一個工具類來處理這些事，這也是比較關(guān)鍵的一環(huán)。
所以定義KeyboardUtil類，由于習(xí)慣的原因和18年那篇文章有些不同鍵盤可以切換，允許出現(xiàn)不符合格式的情況，示例代碼如下：

package com.xxx.xxx.utils;import android.app.Activity; import android.inputmethodservice.Keyboard; import android.inputmethodservice.KeyboardView; import android.text.Editable; import android.text.InputType; import android.view.View; import android.view.WindowManager; import android.widget.EditText; import com.haorizi.dipuchuangxin.R; import com.orhanobut.logger.Logger; import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException; import java.lang.reflect.Method;/*** Class Name:* Created by xxx on 2018/7/11.* 備注：自定義軟鍵盤的工具類** @version 2018071101*/ public class KeyboardUtil {private Activity mActivity;private KeyboardView mKeyboardView;private EditText mEdit;/*** 省簡稱鍵盤*/private Keyboard provinceKeyboard;/*** 數(shù)字、字母鍵盤*/private Keyboard numberKeyboard;private boolean isProvince = true;public KeyboardUtil(Activity activity, EditText edit) {mActivity = activity;mEdit = edit;// 綁定布局numberKeyboard = new Keyboard(activity, R.xml.number_or_letters);provinceKeyboard = new Keyboard(activity, R.xml.province_abbreviation);// 還是別用ButterKnife了mKeyboardView = (KeyboardView) activity.findViewById(R.id.keyboard_view);// 設(shè)置省簡稱鍵盤mKeyboardView.setKeyboard(provinceKeyboard);// 設(shè)置焦點mKeyboardView.setEnabled(true);mKeyboardView.setPreviewEnabled(false);// 鍵盤監(jiān)聽事件mKeyboardView.setOnKeyboardActionListener(new KeyboardView.OnKeyboardActionListener() {@Overridepublic void onPress(int primaryCode) {}@Overridepublic void onRelease(int primaryCode) {}@Overridepublic void onKey(int primaryCode, int[] keyCodes) {Editable editable = mEdit.getText();int start = mEdit.getSelectionStart();// 判定是否是中文的正則表達式 [\\u4e00-\\u9fa5]判斷一個中文 [\\u4e00-\\u9fa5]+多個中文String reg = "[\\u4e00-\\u9fa5]";Logger.e("= ==" + primaryCode);if (primaryCode == -1) {// 省份簡稱與數(shù)字鍵盤切換 // if (mEdit.getText().toString().matches(reg)) {Logger.e("切換。。。");if (isProvince) {// 切數(shù)字changeKeyboard(true);} else {// 切省份changeKeyboard(false);} // }} else if (primaryCode == -3) {if (editable != null && editable.length() > 0) {//沒有輸入內(nèi)容時軟鍵盤重置為省份簡稱軟鍵盤if (editable.length() == 1) {changeKeyboard(false);}if (start > 0) {editable.delete(start - 1, start);}}} else {editable.insert(start, Character.toString((char) primaryCode));// 判斷第一個字符是否是中文,是，則自動切換到數(shù)字軟鍵盤if (mEdit.getText().toString().matches(reg)) {changeKeyboard(true);}}}@Overridepublic void onText(CharSequence text) {}@Overridepublic void swipeLeft() {}@Overridepublic void swipeRight() {}@Overridepublic void swipeDown() {}@Overridepublic void swipeUp() {}});}/*** 指定切換軟鍵盤 isNumber false表示要切換為省份簡稱軟鍵盤 true表示要切換為數(shù)字軟鍵盤*/private void changeKeyboard(boolean isNumber) {if (isNumber) {// 切數(shù)字mKeyboardView.setKeyboard(numberKeyboard);isProvince = false;} else {// 切省份mKeyboardView.setKeyboard(provinceKeyboard);isProvince = true;}}/*** 軟鍵盤展示狀態(tài)*/public boolean isShow() {return mKeyboardView.getVisibility() == View.VISIBLE;}/*** 軟鍵盤展示*/public void showKeyboard() {int visibility = mKeyboardView.getVisibility();if (visibility == View.GONE || visibility == View.INVISIBLE) {mKeyboardView.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);}}/*** 軟鍵盤隱藏*/public void hideKeyboard() {int visibility = mKeyboardView.getVisibility();if (visibility == View.VISIBLE) {mKeyboardView.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);}}/*** 禁掉系統(tǒng)軟鍵盤*/public void hideSoftInputMethod() {mActivity.getWindow().setSoftInputMode(WindowManager.LayoutParams.SOFT_INPUT_STATE_ALWAYS_HIDDEN);int currentVersion = android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT;String methodName = null;if (currentVersion >= 16) {// 4.2methodName = "setShowSoftInputOnFocus";} else if (currentVersion >= 14) {// 4.0methodName = "setSoftInputShownOnFocus";}if (methodName == null) {mEdit.setInputType(InputType.TYPE_NULL);} else {Class<EditText> cls = EditText.class;Method setShowSoftInputOnFocus;try {setShowSoftInputOnFocus = cls.getMethod(methodName, boolean.class);setShowSoftInputOnFocus.setAccessible(true);setShowSoftInputOnFocus.invoke(mEdit, false);} catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {mEdit.setInputType(InputType.TYPE_NULL);e.printStackTrace();} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (InvocationTargetException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}} }

這部分的代碼大同小異。然后是Activity中的引用（只在需要車牌的地方觸發(fā)，其他的Edit Text是不影響的）。

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三、Activity示例代碼：

package com.xxx.xxx;import android.app.Activity; import android.content.Context; import android.content.Intent; import android.inputmethodservice.Keyboard; import android.inputmethodservice.KeyboardView; import android.os.Bundle; import android.text.Editable; import android.text.TextWatcher; import android.view.KeyEvent; import android.view.MotionEvent; import android.view.View; import android.widget.EditText; import android.widget.TextView; import com.haorizi.dipuchuangxin.ui.BaseAty; import com.haorizi.dipuchuangxin.utils.KeyboardUtil; import com.haorizi.dipuchuangxin.utils.PtrHelper; import com.orhanobut.logger.Logger; import butterknife.Bind; import butterknife.OnClick; import in.srain.cube.views.ptr.PtrDefaultHandler; import in.srain.cube.views.ptr.PtrFrameLayout;/*** Class Name:* Created by xxx .* 簡介：* Data： 2018/5/14.** @version 2018061401 xxx*/public class TextAty extends BaseAty {@Bind(R.id.keyboard_view)KeyboardView mKeyboardView;@Bind(R.id.et_keyboard)EditText et;private KeyboardUtil keyboardUtil;@Overridepublic int getLayoutId() {return R.layout.soft_key_board;}@Overridepublic void initData() {// 觸發(fā)自定義鍵盤et.setOnTouchListener(new View.OnTouchListener() {@Overridepublic boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {if (keyboardUtil == null){keyboardUtil = new KeyboardUtil(TextAty.this, et);keyboardUtil.hideSoftInputMethod();keyboardUtil.showKeyboard();} else {keyboardUtil.showKeyboard();}return false;}});et.addTextChangedListener(new TextWatcher() {@Overridepublic void beforeTextChanged(CharSequence s, int start, int count, int after) {}@Overridepublic void onTextChanged(CharSequence s, int start, int before, int count) {}@Overridepublic void afterTextChanged(Editable s) {}});}@Overridepublic boolean onKeyDown(int keyCode, KeyEvent event) {if (keyCode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_BACK){//if (keyboardUtil.isShow()){// keyboardUtil.hideKeyboard();//} else {// finish();// }// version 2018071801if(keyboardUtil != null && keyboardUtil.isShow()){keyboardUtil.hideKeyboard();} else {finish();}}return false;}@Overridepublic void requestData() {Logger.e("stop refresh...");showToast("stop refresh...");} }

至此完結(jié)，眼下鍵盤還有不能自己消失，需要點擊手機上的返回鍵，后期優(yōu)化吧，這倒不難。

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version 2018171801 剛發(fā)現(xiàn)一個錯誤，在返回鍵監(jiān)聽的方法中，要先判斷keyboardUtil是否為null，如果沒彈起直接點返回會報空指針。

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