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QT5完成一个数据实时显示控制的Demo

發布時間：2023/12/18 c/c++ 24 豆豆

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使用QT5完成一個數據實時顯示控制的Demo

- - TestUiTheme-pro
  - main.cpp
  - mainwindow.h
  - mainwindow.cpp
  - themewidget.h
  - themewidget.cpp
  - 總結

項目的需要，需要使用qt編寫一個arm端的圖形操作界面，完成雷達數據實時動態顯示以及控制的功能，數據是自己模擬的，是xy坐標的點數據。先在window版本的qt上搭建簡單框架測試通過，如下：

TestUiTheme-pro

#------------------------------------------------- # # Project created by 西電1603-WYC 2018-12-13T16:12:18 # #------------------------------------------------- QT += core gui QT += charts requires(qtConfig(combobox)) greaterThan(QT_MAJOR_VERSION, 4): QT += widgets TARGET = TestUiTheme TEMPLATE = app DEFINES += QT_DEPRECATED_WARNINGS target.path = $$[QT_INSTALL_EXAMPLES]/charts/chartthemes INSTALLS += target SOURCES += main.cpp\mainwindow.cpp \themewidget.cpp HEADERS += mainwindow.h \themewidget.h FORMS += mainwindow.ui \themewidget.ui

main.cpp

#include "mainwindow.h" #include <QApplication> #include <QtWidgets/QApplication> #include <QtWidgets/QMainWindow> int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {QApplication a(argc, argv);MainWindow w;w.show();return a.exec(); }

mainwindow.h

#ifndef MAINWINDOW_H #define MAINWINDOW_H#include <QMainWindow> #include "themewidget.h"namespace Ui { class MainWindow; } class MainWindow : public QMainWindow {Q_OBJECT public:explicit MainWindow(QWidget *parent = 0);~MainWindow();QList<float> daa;QList<float> daas;int dd;int dds;private slots:void on_pushButton_clicked();void on_pushButton_2_clicked();void on_pushButton_3_clicked();void on_pushButton_4_clicked();public slots:void handleTimeout();private:Ui::MainWindow *ui;themeWidget *xx;QTimer *m_timer; }; #endif // MAINWINDOW_H

mainwindow.cpp

#include "mainwindow.h" #include "ui_mainwindow.h" #include "QTimer" MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent) :QMainWindow(parent),ui(new Ui::MainWindow) {ui->setupUi(this);dd = 1,dds = 1;xx = ui->widget;m_timer = new QTimer(this);m_timer->setSingleShot(false);connect(m_timer,SIGNAL(timeout()),this,SLOT(handleTimeout())); } MainWindow::~MainWindow() {delete ui; } void MainWindow::on_pushButton_clicked() {for(int s = 0;s<10;s++){daa.append(s*1.0*dd);}QList<float>::iterator iter;for(iter = daa.begin();iter != daa.end();iter+=2){ui->textBrowser->append(QString("%1").arg(*iter)+","+QString("%1").arg(*iter+1));}dd++;xx->fromMain(daa); } void MainWindow::on_pushButton_2_clicked() {ui->textBrowser->setPlainText("");daa.clear();daas.clear();xx->clearALL(); } void MainWindow::on_pushButton_3_clicked() {m_timer->start(2*1000); } void MainWindow::handleTimeout(){for(int s = 0;s<2;s++){daas.append((s+dds)*1.0*dds);}ui->textBrowser->setPlainText("");QList<float>::iterator iter;for(iter = daas.begin();iter != daas.end();iter+=2){ui->textBrowser->append(QString("%1").arg(*iter)+","+QString("%1").arg(*iter+1));}dds++;xx->fromMain(daas); } void MainWindow::on_pushButton_4_clicked() {m_timer->stop(); }

themewidget.h

#ifndef THEMEWIDGET_H #define THEMEWIDGET_H#include <QtWidgets/QWidget> #include <QtCharts/QChartGlobal> #include <QtCharts/QSplineSeries> #include <QtCharts/QScatterSeries>class QComboBox; class QCheckBox; class Ui_ThemeWidgetForm;QT_CHARTS_BEGIN_NAMESPACE class QChartView; class QChart; QT_CHARTS_END_NAMESPACEtypedef QPair<QPointF, QString> Data; typedef QList<Data> DataList; typedef QList<DataList> DataTable;QT_CHARTS_USE_NAMESPACE class themeWidget: public QWidget {Q_OBJECT public:explicit themeWidget(QWidget *parent = 0);~themeWidget();QList<float> skt11;void fromMain(QList<float>);void clearALL();QChartView *chartView;QChart *a1;QSplineSeries *series1 ;QChart *a2;QScatterSeries *series2 ;float XM;float YM; private Q_SLOTS:void updateUI();private:DataTable inputData(QList<float> data);void populateThemeBox();void populateAnimationBox();void populateLegendBox();void connectSignals();void addData(DataTable hh , QChart *ff);//QChart *createSplineChart() ;void createSplineChart(QChart *chaaat) ;void createScatterChart(QChart *chbbbt);private:int m_listCount;int X_Max;int Y_Max;QList<QChartView *> m_charts;DataTable m_dataTable;Ui_ThemeWidgetForm *m_ui; }; #endif /* THEMEWIDGET_H */

themewidget.cpp

#include "themewidget.h" #include "ui_themewidget.h"#include <QtCharts/QChartView> #include <QtCharts/QPieSeries> #include <QtCharts/QPieSlice> #include <QtCharts/QAbstractBarSeries> #include <QtCharts/QPercentBarSeries> #include <QtCharts/QStackedBarSeries> #include <QtCharts/QBarSeries> #include <QtCharts/QBarSet> #include <QtCharts/QLineSeries> #include <QtCharts/QSplineSeries> #include <QtCharts/QScatterSeries> #include <QtCharts/QAreaSeries> #include <QtCharts/QLegend> #include <QtWidgets/QGridLayout> #include <QtWidgets/QFormLayout> #include <QtWidgets/QComboBox> #include <QtWidgets/QSpinBox> #include <QtWidgets/QCheckBox> #include <QtWidgets/QGroupBox> #include <QtWidgets/QLabel> #include <QtCharts/QBarCategoryAxis> #include <QtWidgets/QApplication> #include <QtCharts/QValueAxis>themeWidget::themeWidget(QWidget *parent) :QWidget(parent),m_listCount(1),X_Max(10),Y_Max(10),m_ui(new Ui_ThemeWidgetForm)//m_ui(new Ui::themeWidget) {XM=X_Max;YM=Y_Max;m_ui->setupUi(this);populateThemeBox();populateAnimationBox();populateLegendBox();for(int s = 0;s<10;s++){skt11.append(0); }m_dataTable=inputData(skt11);//create chartsa1 = new QChart();series1 = new QSplineSeries(a1);createSplineChart(a1);chartView = new QChartView(a1);m_ui->gridLayout->addWidget(chartView,2,1);m_charts << chartView;a2 = new QChart();series2 = new QScatterSeries(a2);createScatterChart(a2);chartView = new QChartView(a2);m_ui->gridLayout->addWidget(chartView, 2,2);m_charts << chartView;// Set defaultsm_ui->antialiasCheckBox->setChecked(true);// Set the colors from the light theme as default onesQPalette pal = qApp->palette();pal.setColor(QPalette::Window, QRgb(0xf0f0f0));pal.setColor(QPalette::WindowText, QRgb(0x404044));qApp->setPalette(pal);updateUI(); }themeWidget::~themeWidget() {delete m_ui; } void themeWidget::clearALL(){for (const DataList &list : m_dataTable) {for (const Data &data : list){series1->remove(data.first);series2->remove(data.first);}} } void themeWidget::addData(DataTable hh , QChart *ff){QString name("Series ");int nameIndex = 0;for (const DataList &list : hh) {//QSplineSeries *series = new QSplineSeries(chart);for (const Data &data : list){series1->append(data.first);series2->append(data.first);}series1->setName(name + QString::number(nameIndex));series2->setName(name + QString::number(nameIndex));nameIndex++;}a1->axes(Qt::Horizontal).first()->setRange(0, XM);a1->axes(Qt::Vertical).first()->setRange(0, YM);a2->axes(Qt::Horizontal).first()->setRange(0, XM);a2->axes(Qt::Vertical).first()->setRange(0, YM); }void themeWidget::fromMain(QList<float> dd){m_dataTable=inputData(dd);addData(m_dataTable , a1); }DataTable themeWidget::inputData(QList<float> data) {DataTable dataTable;int listCount = 1;for (int i(0); i < listCount; i++) {DataList dataList;for (int j(0); j < data.count(); j+=2) {if(data.at(j)>XM){XM = data.at(j);}if(data.at(j+1)>YM){YM = data.at(j+1);}YM = data.at(j+1);QPointF value(data.at(j),data.at(j+1));QString label = "Slice " + QString::number(i) + ":" + QString::number(j);dataList << Data(value, label);}dataTable << dataList;}return dataTable; }void themeWidget::populateThemeBox() {// add items to theme comboboxm_ui->themeComboBox->addItem("Light", QChart::ChartThemeLight);m_ui->themeComboBox->addItem("Blue Cerulean", QChart::ChartThemeBlueCerulean);m_ui->themeComboBox->addItem("Dark", QChart::ChartThemeDark);m_ui->themeComboBox->addItem("Brown Sand", QChart::ChartThemeBrownSand);m_ui->themeComboBox->addItem("Blue NCS", QChart::ChartThemeBlueNcs);m_ui->themeComboBox->addItem("High Contrast", QChart::ChartThemeHighContrast);m_ui->themeComboBox->addItem("Blue Icy", QChart::ChartThemeBlueIcy);m_ui->themeComboBox->addItem("Qt", QChart::ChartThemeQt); }void themeWidget::populateAnimationBox() {// add items to animation comboboxm_ui->animatedComboBox->addItem("No Animations", QChart::NoAnimation);m_ui->animatedComboBox->addItem("GridAxis Animations", QChart::GridAxisAnimations);m_ui->animatedComboBox->addItem("Series Animations", QChart::SeriesAnimations);m_ui->animatedComboBox->addItem("All Animations", QChart::AllAnimations); }void themeWidget::populateLegendBox() {// add items to legend comboboxm_ui->legendComboBox->addItem("No Legend ", 0);m_ui->legendComboBox->addItem("Legend Top", Qt::AlignTop);m_ui->legendComboBox->addItem("Legend Bottom", Qt::AlignBottom);m_ui->legendComboBox->addItem("Legend Left", Qt::AlignLeft);m_ui->legendComboBox->addItem("Legend Right", Qt::AlignRight); } void themeWidget::createSplineChart(QChart *chaaat) {chaaat->setTitle("Spline chart");QString name("Series ");int nameIndex = 0;for (const DataList &list : m_dataTable) {for (const Data &data : list)series1->append(data.first);series1->setName(name + QString::number(nameIndex));nameIndex++;chaaat->addSeries(series1);}chaaat->createDefaultAxes();chaaat->axes(Qt::Horizontal).first()->setRange(0, X_Max);chaaat->axes(Qt::Vertical).first()->setRange(0, Y_Max);// Add space to label to add space between labels and axisQValueAxis *axisY = qobject_cast<QValueAxis*>(chaaat->axes(Qt::Vertical).first());Q_ASSERT(axisY);axisY->setLabelFormat("%.1f "); }void themeWidget::createScatterChart(QChart *chbbbt) {// scatter chartchbbbt->setTitle("Scatter chart");QString name("Series ");int nameIndex = 0;for (const DataList &list : m_dataTable) {for (const Data &data : list)series2->append(data.first);series2->setName(name + QString::number(nameIndex));nameIndex++;chbbbt->addSeries(series2);}chbbbt->createDefaultAxes();chbbbt->axes(Qt::Horizontal).first()->setRange(0, X_Max);chbbbt->axes(Qt::Vertical).first()->setRange(0, Y_Max);// Add space to label to add space between labels and axisQValueAxis *axisY = qobject_cast<QValueAxis*>(chbbbt->axes(Qt::Vertical).first());Q_ASSERT(axisY);axisY->setLabelFormat("%.1f "); }void themeWidget::updateUI() {QChart::ChartTheme theme = static_cast<QChart::ChartTheme>(m_ui->themeComboBox->itemData(m_ui->themeComboBox->currentIndex()).toInt());const auto charts = m_charts;if (!m_charts.isEmpty() && m_charts.at(0)->chart()->theme() != theme) {for (QChartView *chartView : charts) {chartView->chart()->setTheme(theme);}// Set palette colors based on selected themeQPalette pal = window()->palette();if (theme == QChart::ChartThemeLight) {pal.setColor(QPalette::Window, QRgb(0xf0f0f0));pal.setColor(QPalette::WindowText, QRgb(0x404044));} else if (theme == QChart::ChartThemeDark) {pal.setColor(QPalette::Window, QRgb(0x121218));pal.setColor(QPalette::WindowText, QRgb(0xd6d6d6));} else if (theme == QChart::ChartThemeBlueCerulean) {pal.setColor(QPalette::Window, QRgb(0x40434a));pal.setColor(QPalette::WindowText, QRgb(0xd6d6d6));} else if (theme == QChart::ChartThemeBrownSand) {pal.setColor(QPalette::Window, QRgb(0x9e8965));pal.setColor(QPalette::WindowText, QRgb(0x404044));} else if (theme == QChart::ChartThemeBlueNcs) {pal.setColor(QPalette::Window, QRgb(0x018bba));pal.setColor(QPalette::WindowText, QRgb(0x404044));} else if (theme == QChart::ChartThemeHighContrast) {pal.setColor(QPalette::Window, QRgb(0xffab03));pal.setColor(QPalette::WindowText, QRgb(0x181818));} else if (theme == QChart::ChartThemeBlueIcy) {pal.setColor(QPalette::Window, QRgb(0xcee7f0));pal.setColor(QPalette::WindowText, QRgb(0x404044));} else {pal.setColor(QPalette::Window, QRgb(0xf0f0f0));pal.setColor(QPalette::WindowText, QRgb(0x404044));}window()->setPalette(pal);}// Update antialiasingbool checked = m_ui->antialiasCheckBox->isChecked();for (QChartView *chart : charts)chart->setRenderHint(QPainter::Antialiasing, checked);// Update animation optionsQChart::AnimationOptions options(m_ui->animatedComboBox->itemData(m_ui->animatedComboBox->currentIndex()).toInt());if (!m_charts.isEmpty() && m_charts.at(0)->chart()->animationOptions() != options) {for (QChartView *chartView : charts)chartView->chart()->setAnimationOptions(options);}// Update legend alignmentQt::Alignment alignment(m_ui->legendComboBox->itemData(m_ui->legendComboBox->currentIndex()).toInt());if (!alignment) {for (QChartView *chartView : charts)chartView->chart()->legend()->hide();} else {for (QChartView *chartView : charts) {chartView->chart()->legend()->setAlignment(alignment);chartView->chart()->legend()->show();}} }

ui界面我就不上傳代碼了，具體看效果圖：

生成數據模擬項目中手動載入數據，每次載入5個點（可設置），并顯示，且可以clear。

生成持續數據模擬項目中DSP持續傳過來的數據，這里是使用一個Qtimer來完成模擬的，每次傳過來一個點并更新圖表。

此demo是在學習QT官方的QChart實例的基礎上一步步修改的，由于原來的例子還帶了UI顏色選擇，發現還不錯，就保留下來了，可以選擇各個“皮膚”，都是免費的：) ：）
這個demo的的themeWidget類是單獨寫出了，然后在mainWindow里面新建了一個WIdget后提升類后完成融合的。

總結

我覺得這樣設計把控制和顯示解耦和分開會比較清晰，事實的確如此，這里需要主要一個，mainwindow向themeWidget是屬于父類向子類傳值，我并沒有使用信號和槽，而是參照https://blog.csdn.net/shihoongbo/article/details/48681979的講解第三中方法，調用公有函數傳遞過去的，但是和他的例子不一樣的是，我這里的widget并不是單獨的窗口類，他是包含在mainwindow里面且獨立的子類，也就是說mainWindow類實例化的時候它的一個實例也new了，所以如果像他講的 xx = new themeWidget;就會發現傳不過去值，因為你傳遞去的是再一次new的一個子類，而不是mainWIndow里面實例化的那個，當然也就無法再界面里顯示傳過來的數據，所以需要改成xx = ui->widget;即可。
當然，這個demo還有許多問題，比如數據傳遞的速度保證，實時阻塞性等，還有待進一步優化~。

總結

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