Restful API查詢

• 準備測試數據
• 1、match_all
• 2、match
• 3、bool
• 4、term
• 5、range
• 6、exists
• 7、filter
• 8、淺分頁
• 9、深分頁

準備測試數據

POST /school/student/_bulk { "index": { "_id": 1 }} { "name" : "liubei", "age" : 20 , "sex": "boy", "birth": "1996-01-02" , "about": "i like diaocan he girl" } { "index": { "_id": 2 }} { "name" : "guanyu", "age" : 21 , "sex": "boy", "birth": "1995-01-02" , "about": "i like diaocan" } { "index": { "_id": 3 }} { "name" : "zhangfei", "age" : 18 , "sex": "boy", "birth": "1998-01-02" , "about": "i like travel" } { "index": { "_id": 4 }} { "name" : "diaocan", "age" : 20 , "sex": "girl", "birth": "1996-01-02" , "about": "i like travel and sport" } { "index": { "_id": 5 }} { "name" : "panjinlian", "age" : 25 , "sex": "girl", "birth": "1991-01-02" , "about": "i like travel and wusong" } { "index": { "_id": 6 }} { "name" : "caocao", "age" : 30 , "sex": "boy", "birth": "1988-01-02" , "about": "i like xiaoqiao" } { "index": { "_id": 7 }} { "name" : "zhaoyun", "age" : 31 , "sex": "boy", "birth": "1997-01-02" , "about": "i like travel and music" } { "index": { "_id": 8 }} { "name" : "xiaoqiao", "age" : 18 , "sex": "girl", "birth": "1998-01-02" , "about": "i like caocao" } { "index": { "_id": 9 }} { "name" : "daqiao", "age" : 20 , "sex": "girl", "birth": "1996-01-02" , "about": "i like travel and history" } { "index": { "_id": 10 }} { "name" : "luban", "age" : 21 , "sex": "girl", "birth": "1996-01-02" , "about": "i like travel and history" } { "index": { "_id": 11 }} { "name" : "guiguzi", "age" : 29 , "sex": "girl", "birth": "1996-01-02" , "about": "i like football" } { "index": { "_id": 12 }} { "name" : "zhuangzhou", "age" : 40 , "sex": "girl", "birth": "1996-01-02" , "about": "i like history" }

• ES中兩種查詢方式
  • GET：指定documentId來查詢
    • 只能查詢這一條documentId的數據
    • 類似于Hbase中的get
  • GET：指定_search，通過構建查詢器Query來做復雜的條件查詢
    • 類似于Hbase中scan

1、match_all

• 查詢：匹配所有查詢
  • 默認只顯示10條

GET /school/student/_search?pretty {"query": {"match_all": {}} }

• 指定條數

GET /school/student/_search?pretty {"query": {"match_all": {}},"size":12 }

2、match

• 模糊匹配查詢：ES中默認的排序規則：按照評分降序排序

GET /school/student/_search?pretty {"query": {"match": {"about": "travel"}} } ? {"took": 56,"timed_out": false,"_shards": {"total": 5,"successful": 5,"skipped": 0,"failed": 0},"hits": {"total": 6,"max_score": 0.8538154, --所有符合條件的數據中最高評分"hits": [{"_index": "school","_type": "student","_id": "4","_score": 0.8538154,"_source": {"name": "diaocan","age": 20,"sex": "girl","birth": "1996-01-02","about": "i like travel and sport"}},{"_index": "school","_type": "student","_id": "7","_score": 0.6931472,"_source": {"name": "zhaoyun","age": 31,"sex": "boy","birth": "1997-01-02","about": "i like travel and music"}},{"_index": "school","_type": "student","_id": "3","_score": 0.6931472,"_source": {"name": "zhangfei","age": 18,"sex": "boy","birth": "1998-01-02","about": "i like travel"}},{"_index": "school","_type": "student","_id": "5","_score": 0.5000329,"_source": {"name": "panjinlian","age": 25,"sex": "girl","birth": "1991-01-02","about": "i like travel and wusong"}},{"_index": "school","_type": "student","_id": "9","_score": 0.5000329,"_source": {"name": "daqiao","age": 20,"sex": "girl","birth": "1996-01-02","about": "i like travel and history"}},{"_index": "school","_type": "student","_id": "10","_score": 0.5000329,"_source": {"name": "luban","age": 21,"sex": "girl","birth": "1996-01-02","about": "i like travel and history"}}]} }

3、bool

• 多條件查詢：條件之間的邏輯關系
  • must：必須滿足的條件
  • must_not：必須不能滿足的條件
  • should：應該，可有可無，或者
• 測試
• 查詢所有喜歡旅游但性別不是男性的

GET /school/student/_search?pretty { "query": {"bool": {"must": { "match": {"about": "travel"}},"must_not": {"match": {"sex": "boy"}}}} }

• 查詢所有喜歡旅游的，如果有男的也可以

GET /school/student/_search?pretty { "query": {"bool": {"must": { "match": {"about": "travel"}},"should": {"match": {"sex": "boy"}} }} }

4、term

• 詞條查詢【重要】，精準匹配

GET /school/student/_search?pretty { "query": {"bool": {"must": { "term": {"about": "travel"}},"should": {"term": {"sex": "boy"}} }} }

• terms：多個詞匹配

GET /school/student/_search?pretty { "query": {"bool": {"must": { "terms": {"about": ["travel","history"]}} }} } about": ["travel","history"]：值是或者關系

5、range

• 范圍查詢

GET /school/student/_search?pretty { "query": {"range": {"age": {"gt":20,"lte":25}}} }

• bool多條件嵌套

GET /school/student/_search?pretty {"query": {"bool": {"must": [{"term": {"about": {"value": "travel"}}},{"range": {"age": {"gte": 20,"lte": 30}}}]}} }

6、exists

• 判斷是否存在

GET /school/student/_search?pretty { "query": {"exists": {"field": "age" }} }

7、filter

• 過濾查詢

GET /school/student/_search?pretty {"query": {"bool": {"must": {"match": {"about": "travel"}}, "filter": [{"term":{"age": 20}}]}} }

8、淺分頁

• 類似于limit M,N
  • M：從第幾條開始，M從0開始計數
  • N：顯示幾條
• 需要給定的條件
  • 起始位置：從0開始
  • 頁面大小
• 分頁查詢

GET /school/_search?pretty {"from" : 0 , "size" : 3 } ? GET /school/_search?pretty {"from" : 3 , "size" : 3 }

• 從0開始一直掃描到起始位置，然后顯示size的數據
• 每次只返回一頁
• 工作中不推薦使用淺分頁
• 原理是對每個分片都查詢N條，然后再合并根據評分排序取最后的N條
• 如果你的from的位置比較大，性能非常差
  • from：10000 size：10
  • index
    • shard0：from：10000 size：10
    • shard1：from：10000 size：10
    • shard2：from：10000 size：10
    • shard3：from：10000 size：10
    • shard4：from：10000 size：10
    • |
    • 返回50條，根據評分排序，取前10條

9、深分頁

• 自動翻頁
• 不建議將結果在內存中緩存太長時間
• 初始化：將需要的數據從文件中放到內存中

GET school/_search?scroll=3m {"query": {"match_all": {}},"size": 3 } ?scroll=3m ： 將查詢的結果在內存中緩存3分鐘

• 分頁查詢：從內存中查詢，指定緩存的id

GET /_search/scroll {"scroll" : "1m","scroll_id" : "DnF1ZXJ5VGhlbkZldGNoBQAAAAAAAAOOFjE2Z2ZVZ1B1Um9TMjhmeE1WVHI5S1EAAAAAAAADhhZsS2w3bUk0YlJDT3o4eGlJRjlkN3B3AAAAAAAAA48WMTZnZlVnUHVSb1MyOGZ4TVZUcjlLUQAAAAAAAAORFjE2Z2ZVZ1B1Um9TMjhmeE1WVHI5S1EAAAAAAAADkBYxNmdmVWdQdVJvUzI4ZnhNVlRyOUtR" }

• 不建議處理特別大的數據量，建議通過范圍來控制頁面的數據，做數據過濾

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