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Docker、Docker file、Docker-compose 详解

發布時間:2024/3/13 编程问答 39 豆豆
生活随笔 收集整理的這篇文章主要介紹了 Docker、Docker file、Docker-compose 详解 小編覺得挺不錯的,現在分享給大家,幫大家做個參考.

文章目錄

  • 第1章容器與虛擬化區別
    • 1.1本質區別
    • 1.2比較
    • 1.3容器種類
    • 1.4docker三大核心
    • 1.5容器隔離內容
  • 第2章docker安裝
    • 2.1阿里云
    • 2.2版本
    • 2.3鏡像加速
      • 2.3.1阿里云鏡像加速(推薦)
      • 2.3.2dockercloud鏡像加速
  • 第3章docker鏡像
    • 3.1拉取鏡像
    • 3.2鏡像管理
  • 第4章docker容器
    • 4.1容器管理
    • 4.2進入容器方式
      • 4.2.1交互式(如centos)
      • 4.2.2守護進程式 (如nginx)
    • 4.3數據持久化
      • 4.3.1數據卷(默認)
      • 4.3.2數據卷(指定目錄bind mounts)
      • 4.3.3創建邏輯卷
      • 4.3.4數據卷容器
  • 第5章構建鏡像
    • 5.1commit命令實現
      • 5.1.1創建鏡像
      • 5.1.2提交鏡像
    • 5.2docker file
  • 第6章docker基本操作
    • 6.1簡單命令
  • 6.2鏡像操作
      • 6.2.1簡單鏡像操作
      • 6.2.2鏡像導入導出
      • 6.2.3鏡像上傳
    • 6.3容器操作
  • 第7章創建私有倉庫
  • 第8章docker資源限制
    • 8.1構建鏡像
    • 8.2cpu使用率
    • 8.3cpu共享比例
    • 8.4cpu周期限制 (了解)
    • 8.5cpu核心限制 (重點)
    • 8.6內存限制
    • 8.7Block IO限制
    • 8.8 bps和iops
  • 第9章Dockerfile構建鏡像
    • 9.1鏡像構建方式
    • 9.2commit方法
    • 9.3基于本地模板構建鏡像
    • 9.4基于Dockerfile構建鏡像
      • 9.4.1鏡像說明
      • 9.4.2Dockerfile特點
      • 9.4.3Dockerfile 指令
    • 9.5Dockerfile構建SSHD鏡像
    • 9.6Dockerfile構建httpd鏡像
    • 9.7Dockerfile構建nginx鏡像
    • 9.8Dockerfile構建tomcat鏡像
    • 9.9Dockerfile構建redis鏡像
    • 9.10Dockerfile構建MySQL鏡像
    • 9.11Dockerfile構建LNMP鏡像
    • 9.12 Dockerfile面試題重點
      • 9.12.1 CMD、ENTRYPOINT、RUN命令對比
      • 9.12.2 ADD、COPY對比
  • 第10章docker編排與部署工具compose
    • 10.1簡介
    • 10.2步驟
    • 10.3Docker compose 安裝
    • 10.4 Docker compose 用法
    • 10.5 YMAL簡介
    • 10.6構建lnmp
    • 10.7docker-compose缺點
  • 第11章Docker網絡基礎
    • 11.1端口映射
    • 11.2端口暴露
    • 11.3容器互聯
    • 11.4docker網絡模式

第1章容器與虛擬化區別

1.1本質區別

KVM需要獨立系統,docker不需要,只要做資源隔離。
docker創建刪除時只需要啟動應用,而虛擬化需要啟動guest os ,再啟動應用。
docker交付部署的是容器鏡像,虛擬化交付部署的是虛擬機鏡像。

1.2比較

特性 容器 虛擬機
啟動 秒級 分鐘級
硬盤使用 MB GB
性能 接近原生 弱于
系統支持量 單機支持上千個 一般幾十個

ps:虛擬化隔離性好,安全性更高。

1.3容器種類

交互式:例如系統
非交互式:守護進程式

1.4docker三大核心

鏡像,容器,倉庫
鏡像一運行就會生成容器

1.5容器隔離內容

user:用戶 mount:文件系統 UTS:主機名
network:網絡 pid IPC:信號量,消息隊列,進程通信

隔離工具:namespace
資源限制工具:Cgroups

第2章docker安裝

2.1阿里云

登錄阿里云官網,找到開發者工具的鏡像。
https://developer.aliyun.com/mirror/?spm=a2c6h.12883283.1364563.36.19b1201cXFWMm7

找到linux的按著寫的操作就完事了

[root@docker ~]# yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2 [root@docker ~]# yum-config-manager --add-repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo [root@docker ~]# yum makecache fastyum makecache fast [root@docker ~]# yum -y install wget [root@docker ~]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo [root@docker ~]# sed -i -e '/mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/d' -e '/mirrors.aliyuncs.com/d' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo [root@docker ~]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo [root@docker ~]# yum -y install docker-ce [root@docker ~]# service docker start

2.2版本

#官方軟件源默認啟用了最新的軟件,您可以通過編輯軟件源的方式獲 取各個版本的軟件包。例如官方并沒有將測試版本的軟件源置為可用,您可以通過以下方式開啟。同理可以開啟各種測試版本等。

#vim /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ee.repo #將[docker-ce-test]下方的enabled=0修改為enabled=1 # #安裝指定版本的Docker-CE: #Step 1: 查找Docker-CE的版本: #yum list docker-ce.x86_64 --showduplicates | sort -r #Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile #Loaded plugins: branch, fastestmirror, langpacks #docker-ce.x86_64 17.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos docker-ce-stable #docker-ce.x86_64 17.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos @docker-ce-stable #docker-ce.x86_64 17.03.0.ce-1.el7.centos docker-ce-stable #Available Packages #Step2: 安裝指定版本的Docker-CE: (VERSION例如上面的17.03.0.ce.1-1.el7.centos) #sudo yum -y install docker-ce-[VERSION]**

2.3鏡像加速

2.3.1阿里云鏡像加速(推薦)

sudo mkdir -p /etc/docker //一般都有,就不用創建了 tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF' {"registry-mirrors": ["https://naa7mog3.mirror.aliyuncs.com"] }EOF systemctl daemon-reload systemctl restart dockerdocker info 查看

2.3.2dockercloud鏡像加速

https://www.daocloud.io/mirror#accelerator-doc

curl -sSL https://get.daocloud.io/daotools/set_mirror.sh | sh -s http://f1361db2.m.daocloud.io

第3章docker鏡像

3.1拉取鏡像

[root@docker ~]# systemctl start docker [root@docker ~]# systemctl enable docker //開機自啟 [root@docker ~]# docker info //查看環境信息 [root@docker ~]# docker version //查看環境信息 https://hub.docker.com/_/centos?tab=tags&page=1&ordering=last_updated 從這個網站拉取鏡像(docker hub) [root@docker ~]# docker pull centos:centos7

3.2鏡像管理

[root@docker ~]# docker image ls //查看有哪些鏡像 [root@docker ~]# docker images //同上 [root@docker ~]# docker image save nginx:1.19 -o nginx_7.tar.gz //鏡像打包 [root@docker ~]# docker image load -i nginx_7.tar.gz //導入打好的包

選項:

build Build an image from a Dockerfilehistory Show the history of an imageimport Import the contents from a tarball to create a filesystem imageinspect Display detailed information on one or more imagesload Load an image from a tar archive or STDINls List imagesprune Remove unused imagespull Pull an image or a repository from a registrypush Push an image or a repository to a registryrm Remove one or more imagessave Save one or more images to a tar archive (streamed to STDOUT by default)tag Create a tag TARGET_IMAGE that refers to SOURCE_IMAGE

第4章docker容器

4.1容器管理

選項:

attach Attach local standard input, output, and error streams to a running containercommit Create a new image from a container's changescp Copy files/folders between a container and the local filesystemcreate Create a new containerdiff Inspect changes to files or directories on a container's filesystemexec Run a command in a running containerexport Export a container's filesystem as a tar archiveinspect Display detailed information on one or more containerskill Kill one or more running containerslogs Fetch the logs of a containerls List containerspause Pause all processes within one or more containersport List port mappings or a specific mapping for the containerprune Remove all stopped containersrename Rename a containerrestart Restart one or more containersrm Remove one or more containersrun Run a command in a new containerstart Start one or more stopped containersstats Display a live stream of container(s) resource usage statisticsstop Stop one or more running containerstop Display the running processes of a containerunpause Unpause all processes within one or more containersupdate Update configuration of one or more containerswait Block until one or more containers stop, then print their exit codes docker container run: docker image pull docker container create docker container start

run命令相當于三個命令。

[root@docker ~]# docker container run -d -p 80:80 --name nginx_1 nginx:1.19 //開啟一個nginx容器 [root@docker ~]# docker container ls -a //查看

網頁訪問 192.168.9.9

[root@docker ~]# docker container run -d -p 8080:80 --name nginx-2 nginx:1.19 //再起一臺端口不同的 [root@docker ~]# docker container exec -it nginx_1 /bin/bash [root@docker ~]# docker container start nginx_1 //若未顯示up用此命令開啟容器

4.2進入容器方式

4.2.1交互式(如centos)

[root@docker ~]# docker container run -it --name centos-1 centos:7 //-i交互式 -t分配終端 exit退出后容器也關閉。 control+p+q :不關閉容器退出 [root@docker ~]# docker container exec -it centos-1 /bin/bash //退出不關閉容器 [root@docker ~]# docker container attach centos-1 //退出關閉

docker關閉再開啟之后,容器不會重啟
需要使用命令 --restart=always 即可使容器自動起來。

4.2.2守護進程式 (如nginx)

docker container run -d -p 8080:80 --name nginx-1 nginx:1.19

4.3數據持久化

4.3.1數據卷(默認)

容器默認管理宿主機資源的位置為/var/lib/docker/volumes

[root@docker ~]# docker run -it -v /opt/ centos:7 /bin/bash [root@a454eb271d2f /]# touch /opt/123.txt [root@a454eb271d2f /]# ls /opt/ 123.txt [root@docker ~]# cd /var/lib/docker/volumes/ [root@docker volumes]# ls

[root@docker volumes]# cd 497d326ef07103845eb5c555b1d8362601ea204a7cdbf2968e5d5770e9d95de4/ [root@docker 497d326ef07103845eb5c555b1d8362601ea204a7cdbf2968e5d5770e9d95de4]# ls _data [root@docker 497d326ef07103845eb5c555b1d8362601ea204a7cdbf2968e5d5770e9d95de4]# cd _data/ [root@docker _data]# ls 123.txt 刪除容器后,本目錄內容不會被刪除。

4.3.2數據卷(指定目錄bind mounts)

實際上就是將本地目錄與容器目錄做映射,測試環境,不涉及到移植時可以使用。

[root@docker ~]# mkdir /data [root@docker ~]# cd /data/ [root@docker data]# ls [root@docker data]# vim index.html [root@docker data]# cat index.html nginx-1,haha [root@docker ~]# docker container run -d --restart=always -p 80:80 -v /data:/usr/share/nginx/html --name nginx-1 nginx:1.19

目錄后面加上:ro 就是只讀的,容器內不可更改。

4.3.3創建邏輯卷

[root@docker ~]# docker volume create nginx-1 //創建邏輯卷 [root@docker ~]# docker volume ls //查看邏輯卷 [root@docker ~]# docker volume inspect nginx-1 //查看具體邏輯卷具體信息 [root@docker ~]# docker run -it --name=nginx -p 8000:80 -v nginx-1:/usr/share/nginx/html nginx:1.19 [root@docker ~]# ls /var/lib/docker/volumes/nginx-1/_data/

刪除容器不會刪除本目錄內容。

[root@docker ~]# docker rm -f nginx //刪除容器 [root@docker ~]# docker volume rm nginx-1 //刪除邏輯卷

4.3.4數據卷容器

創建容器時有-v選項掛載的容器,叫做數據卷容器,可以使用“–volume-from 容器名”掛載到別的容器上。就是掛載的容器中創建了volume。

[root@docker ~]# docker run -it -v /dbdata:/dadata --name=nginx-1 nginx:1.19 /bin/bash [root@docker ~]# docker container run -d --restart=always -p 8080:80 --volumes-from nginx-1 --name nginx-2 nginx:1.19

第5章構建鏡像

以下兩種方法以ssh服務為例。

5.1commit命令實現

5.1.1創建鏡像

[root@docker ~]# docker container run -it -p 2222:22 --name centos-1 centos:7 [root@3dac93050d37 /]# yum -y install openssh-server openssh-client [root@3dac93050d37 ssh]# sshd-keygen //生成hosts-keys [root@3dac93050d37 ssh]# /usr/sbin/sshd -D & // 啟動sshd &:后臺運行 [root@3dac93050d37 ~]# passwd //設置密碼 [root@docker ~]# docker container top centos-1 //查看

5.1.2提交鏡像

[root@docker ~]# docker container commit centos-1 centos7:sshd [root@docker ~]# docker images

5.2docker file

[root@docker ~]# vim dockerfile [root@docker ~]#cat dockerfile FROM centos:7 RUN yum -y install openssh openssh-server openssh-client && /usr/sbin/sshd-keygen CMD [ '/usr/sbin/sshd','-D' ] [root@docker ~]# docker build -t centos7:sshd .

[root@docker ~]# docker images

第6章docker基本操作

6.1簡單命令

docker version //查看docker版本信息
docker info //查看詳細信息

6.2鏡像操作

6.2.1簡單鏡像操作

docker search //鏡像查找 (docker search nginx)
docker pull //鏡像拉取 (docker pull nginx)
docker images //鏡像查看 (docker image ls)后面可加具體名稱
docker inspect nginx:1.19 //查看鏡像詳細信息
docker tag 原名稱:標簽 新名稱:標簽 //更改鏡像名字,原鏡像還存在
docker rmi 名稱 //刪除鏡像

6.2.2鏡像導入導出

docker save -o 命名 鏡像名 //打包鏡像
docker load < 鏡像包名 //載入鏡像包
docker load --input 鏡像包名 //載入鏡像包
ps:生產環境中有自己的倉庫就不用總是導入導出了

6.2.3鏡像上傳

以nginx為例
ps:鏡像上傳需要有倉庫(共有或者私有)
docker login //輸入用戶名和密碼登錄倉庫
docker tag nginx 域名或IP等:端口/鏡像名:標簽 //鏡像改名
docker push 域名或IP等:端口/鏡像名:標簽 //上傳鏡像

6.3容器操作

docker create //創建容器
-i:交互式
-t:分配偽終端
-d:守護進程式 (持久性任務才可以保持開啟狀態)
docker create -it centos:7 /bin/bash //創建一個容器
docker run -it centos:7 /bin/bash //創建一個容器(用的比例大)
docker ps -a //查看容器
docker ps -q //只看id號
docker ps -l //查看開啟的容器
docker start id號 //開啟容器
docker restart id號 //重啟
docker stop id 號 //停止容器
docker kill id號 //殺掉容器
exit //退出并關閉容器
control +pq //退出終端且不關閉容器
docker inspect id號 //查看容器的信息
docker logs id號 //查看容器輸出
docker attach id號 //進入有終端的容器
docker exec -it id號 /bin/bash //進入容器
docker export id號 > xxx.tar //導出容器
cat xxx.tar | docker import - 鏡像名:標簽 //以鏡像模式導入容器
docker container rm -f $(docker container ps -aq) //批量刪除容器
docker cp 文件名 容器id號:/目錄 //傳文件到容器中
docker run --name(名字) -p(端口映射) --restart=always(開機即開啟)
-v 宿主目錄:容器目錄(持久化) --volume-from 容器名 (持久化)

第7章創建私有倉庫

安裝docker后通過官方registry鏡像部署本地私有倉庫。

[root@docker ~]# docker pull registry [root@docker ~]# mkdir -p /opt/data/registry [root@docker ~]# docker run -d --restart=always -p 5000:5000 -v /opt/data/registry:/tmp/registry registry [root@docker ~]# docker tag nginx:1.19 192.168.9.9:5000/nginx:v1

[root@docker ~]# docker push 192.168.9.9:5000/nginx:v1

這里有報錯,是因為用的是https,而我們這里是http,需要修改阿里鏡像加速配置文件。

[root@docker ~]# vim /etc/docker/daemon.json {"registry-mirrors": ["https://naa7mog3.mirror.aliyuncs.com"],"insecure-registries":["192.168.9.9:5000"] } [root@docker ~]# systemctl daemon-reload [root@docker ~]# systemctl restart docker [root@docker ~]# docker push 192.168.9.9:5000/nginx:v1

別的機子需要使用pull拉取本地倉庫竟像時,更改/etc/docker/daemon.json,改成一樣的。就可以使用了。

第8章docker資源限制

8.1構建鏡像

Cgroup實現資源限制,namespace實現資源隔離。
資源限制包括:cpu,內存,磁盤三個方面。

[root@docker ~]# mkdir stress
[root@docker ~]# cd stress/
[root@docker stress]# vim Dockerfile
FROM centos:7
MAINTAINER hannibal"hannibal1216@126.com"
RUN yum -y install wget
RUN wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/ep el-7.repo
RUN yum -y install stress
[root@docker stress]# docker build -t centos:stress .

8.2cpu使用率

修改Cgroup配置文件cpu.cfs_quota_us的值來實現。

[root@docker ~]# docker run -itd centos:stress /bin/bash

[root@docker ~]# echo "20000" > /sys/fs/cgroup/cpu,cpuacct/docker/33e0303d323df08cad8b84f6b588d579ae5bd6386ef56676411bdbf160dfcd42/cpu.cfs_quota_us //限制cpu使用率為20% 壓測檢測 [root@docker ~]# docker attach 33e0303d323d [root@33e0303d323d /]# stress -c 20

新開一個終端查看

[root@docker ~]# top

8.3cpu共享比例

設置三個容器AA,BB,CC 占用cpu比例為1:1:2
默認每個docker容器份額都是1024,通過–cpu-shares配置配比

[root@docker ~]# docker run --name AA -itd --cpu-shares 1024 centos:stress /bin/bash [root@docker ~]# docker run --name BB -itd --cpu-shares 1024 centos:stress /bin/bash [root@docker ~]# docker run --name CC -itd --cpu-shares 2048 centos:stress /bin/bash

如果后面還要添加,就再添加就好了。

8.4cpu周期限制 (了解)

根據–cpu-period,–cpu-quota兩個參數分配cpu時鐘周期
–cpu-period 指定容器對cpu使用在多長時間做一次重新分配
–cpu-quota 指定周期內,最多多長時間跑這個容器
例:容器每一秒需要使用單個cpu 0.2秒時間。

[root@docker ~]# docker run -it --cpu-period 1000000 --cpu-quota 200000 centos:stress /bin/bash

8.5cpu核心限制 (重點)

選擇容器選擇那個內核工作。
使用–cpuset-cpus控制。
例:服務器有16個核心,編號為0~15。新建容器綁定1-4個核心。

[root@docker ~]# docker run -it --cpuset-cpus 0,1,2,3 centos:stress /bin/bash 或 [root@docker ~]# docker run -it --cpuset-cpus 0-3 centos:stress /bin/bash [root@docker ~]# docker exec 8da7002bc6a8 taskset -c -p 1 //查看綁定在哪個核上

8.6內存限制

-m或-memory:設置內存使用限額如100M,200M
–memory-swap:設置內存swap使用限額

[root@docker ~]# docker run -it -m 200M --memory-swap=300M progrium/stress --vm 1 --vm-bytes 280M

8.7Block IO限制

–block-weight
設置相對權重值,默認500。(讀寫磁盤)

[root@docker ~]# docker run -it --name container_A --blkio-weight 600 centos:stress /bin/bash [root@6ef3de576643 /]# cat /sys/fs/cgroup/blkio/blkio.weight 600

8.8 bps和iops

bps(byte per second),每秒讀取數據量。
iops(io per second),每秒IO次數。
–device-read-bps,限制讀某個設備的bps
–device-write-bps,限制寫某個設備的bps
–device-read-iops,限制讀某個設備的iops
–device-write-iops,限制寫某個設備的iops
例:

[root@docker ~]# docker run -it --device-write-bps /dev/sda:5MB centos:stress /bin/bash

第9章Dockerfile構建鏡像

9.1鏡像構建方式

基于已有容器構建鏡像
基于本地模板構建鏡像
基于Dockerfile構建鏡像

9.2commit方法

docker commit
-m:說明
-a:作者
-p:構建鏡像時停止容器

[root@docker ~]# docker commit -m "hannibal.test images" -a "hannibal" 299b77d17352 centos7:new

9.3基于本地模板構建鏡像

去網站上下載號模板(系統),然后再導入成鏡像。

[root@docker ~]# wget https://download.openvz.org/template/precreated/centos-7-x86_64.tar.gz [root@docker ~]# ls -l centos-7-x86_64.tar.gz [root@docker ~]# cat centos-7-x86_64.tar.gz | docker import - centos:test [root@docker ~]# docker images centos:test

9.4基于Dockerfile構建鏡像

9.4.1鏡像說明

鏡像由多層來構成,不是一個單一的文件。容器是在鏡像上加了一層讀寫層。

9.4.2Dockerfile特點

Dockerfile是一個可以被Docker程序執行的腳本,每條指令對應Linux下的一個命令。
Dockerfile四部分:基礎鏡像信息,維護者信息,鏡像操作指令,容器啟動時執行指令
1)Dockerfile中的每一條指令都會創建一個新的鏡像層
2)鏡像層可以被緩存和復用
3)Dockerfile中命令被修改,復制的文件發生變化或者構建鏡像時指定的變量值更換了,對應的鏡像層緩存也將會失效
4)某一層的鏡像緩存失效,它之后的鏡像緩存都會失效
5)鏡像層是不可變的,如果在某一層添加文件,然后在某一層刪除它,則鏡像層依然會包含該文件,只是這個文件在docker容器中不可見了

9.4.3Dockerfile 指令

1)FROM 鏡像名:Tag :構建指令,指定基礎鏡像信息,本地沒有從dockerhub拉取
2)MAINTAINER 作者信息:構建指令,設置作者信息(名字,郵箱)
3)RUN 命令:構建指令,運行命令
4)CMD [“要運行的程序”.”參數1”,”參數2”]:設置指令,啟動時指定操作
5)ENTRYPOINT (設置container啟動時執行的操作):設置指令
6)USER 用戶名/UID:設置指令,設置容器用戶,默認root
7)EXPOSE 端口:設置指令,指定使用的端口
8)ENV 環境變量 變量值:構建指令,例Java程序,ENV JAVA_HOME /usr/local/java
9)ADD 源文件 目標文件:構建指令,將宿主機文件添加到容器當中,上傳壓縮包自動解壓,支持源文件時url地址
10)COPY 源文件 目標文件:構建指令,將宿主機文件上傳到容器中
11)VOLUME [“目錄”]:設置指令,指定數據卷
12)WORKDIR 目錄:設置指令,類似cd命令,切換目錄
13)ONBUILD 命令:設置指令,指定生產鏡像作為基礎經鏡像
14)HEALTHCHECK: 設置指令,健康檢查

9.5Dockerfile構建SSHD鏡像

[root@docker ~]# mkdir sshd [root@docker ~]# ssh-keygen [root@docker ~]# cp .ssh/id_rsa.pub ./sshd/ [root@docker ~]# cd sshd/ [root@docker sshd]# vim Dockerfile FROM centos:7 MAINTAINER Hannibal <hannibal1216@126.com> RUN yum -y install openssh-server net-tools openssh-devel lsof telnet RUN sed -i 's/UsePAM yes/UsePAM no/g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config RUN ssh-keygen -t dsa -f /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key RUN ssh-keygen -t rsa -f /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key ADD id_rsa.pub /root/.ssh/authorized_keys RUN ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime EXPOSE 22 CMD ["/usr/sbin/sshd","-D"] [root@docker sshd]# docker build -t sshd:new . [root@docker sshd]# docker images

[root@docker ~]# docker run -d -p 2222:22 --name sshd-test --restart=always sshd:new [root@docker ~]# docker ps -a

[root@docker ~]# ssh localhost -p 2222

9.6Dockerfile構建httpd鏡像

[root@docker ~]# mkdir httpd [root@docker ~]# cd httpd [root@docker httpd]# vim DockerfileFROM centos:7 MAINTAINER Hannibal <hannibal1216@126.com> RUN yum -y install httpd RUN mkdir -p /var/www/html RUN echo "hannibal" > /var/www/html/index.html RUN ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime EXPOSE 80 CMD ["httpd","-DFOREGROUND"]

ps:不知道怎么開啟服務可以上網查找或者去 /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.serveice文件中看。其他類比。

[root@docker httpd]# docker build -t httpd:new . [root@docker httpd]# docker run -d -p 8000:80 --name httpd-test --restart=always httpd:new

9.7Dockerfile構建nginx鏡像

[root@docker ~]# mkdir nginx [root@docker ~]# cd nginx/ [root@docker nginx]# vim run.sh #!/bin/bash /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx [root@docker nginx]# vim Dockerfile FROM centos:7 MAINTAINER Hannibal <hannibal1216@126.com> RUN yum -y install wget proc-devel net-tools gcc zlib zlib-devel make openssl-devel RUN wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.19.0.tar.gz RUN tar zxf nginx-1.19.0.tar.gz -C /usr/src && cd /usr/src/nginx-1.19.0 && ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx && make && make install RUN echo "daemon off;" >> /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf RUN ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime ADD run.sh /run.sh RUN chmod 775 /run.sh EXPOSE 80 CMD ["/run.sh"] [root@docker nginx]# docker build -t nginx:new .[root@docker nginx]# docker run -d -p 8001:80 --name nginx-test --restart=always nginx:new

9.8Dockerfile構建tomcat鏡像

[root@docker ~]# mkdir tomcat [root@docker ~]# cd tomcat/ [root@docker tomcat]# tar xf apache-tomcat-8.5.16.tar.gz [root@docker tomcat]# tar xf jdk-8u60-linux-x64.tar.gz [root@docker tomcat]# vim Dockerfile FROM centos:7 MAINTAINER Hannibal <hannibal1216@126.com> ADD jdk1.8.0_60 /usr/local/java ENV JAVA_HOME /usr/local/java ENV JAVA_BIN /usr/local/java/bin ENV JRE_HOME /usr/local/java/jre ENV PATH $PATH:/usr/local/java/bin:/usr/local/java/jre/bin ENV CLASSPATH /usr/local/java/jre/bin:/usr/local/java/lib:/usr/local/java/jre/lib/charsets.jar ADD apache-tomcat-8.5.16 /usr/local/tomcat RUN chmod 755 /usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh RUN ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime EXPOSE 8080 CMD ["/usr/local/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh",”run”] [root@docker tomcat]# docker build -t tomcat:new . [root@docker tomcat]# docker images

[root@docker tomcat]# docker run -d -p 8080:8080 --name tomcat-tset --restart=always tomcat:new

9.9Dockerfile構建redis鏡像

[root@docker ~]# mkdir redis [root@docker ~]# cd redis/ [root@docker redis]# vim Dockerfile FROM centos:7 MAINTAINER Hannibal <hannibal1216@126.com> RUN yum -y update && yum -y install epel-release && yum -y install redis RUN sed -i -e 's@bind 127.0.0.1@bind 0.0.0.0@g' /etc/redis.conf RUN sed -i -e 's@protected-mode yes@protected-mode no@g' /etc/redis.conf RUN echo "requirepass 123456" >> /etc/redis.conf RUN ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime EXPOSE 6379 CMD ["/usr/bin/redis-server","/etc/redis.conf"] [root@docker redis]# docker build -t redis:new . [root@docker tomcat]# docker images

[root@docker redis]# docker run -d -p 6379:6379 --name redis-test --restart=always redis:new [root@docker redis]# redis-cli -h localhost -a 12345 [root@docker ~]# rpm -ivh epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm [root@docker ~]# yum -y install redis [root@docker ~]# redis-cli -h localhost -a 123456

9.10Dockerfile構建MySQL鏡像

[root@docker ~]# mkdir mysql [root@docker ~]# cd mysql/ [root@docker mysql]# vim Dockerfile FROM centos:7 MAINTAINER Hannibal <hannibal1216@126.com> RUN yum -y install mariadb mariadb-server mariadb-devel ENV MARIADB_USER root ENV MARIADB_PASS 123456 ENV LC_ALL en_US.UTF-8 ADD db_init.sh /root/db_init.sh RUN chmod 775 /root/db_init.sh RUN /root/db_init.sh EXPOSE 3306 CMD ["mysqld_safe"] [root@dockr mysq ]# cd root/ [root@docker /]# vim db_init.sh #!/bin/bash mysql_install_db --user=mysql sleep 3 mysqld_safe & sleep 3 mysql -e "use mysql; grant all privileges on *.* to '$MARIADB_USER'@'%' identified by '$MARIADB_PASS' with grant option;" h=$(hostname) mysql -e "use mysql; update user set password=password('$MARIADB_PASS') where user='$MARIADB_USER' and host='$h';" mysql -e "flush privileges" [root@docker mysql]# docker build -t mysql:new . [root@docker mysql]# docker run -d -p 3306:3306 --name mysql-test --restart=always mysql:new [root@docker ~]# yum -y install mariadb mariadb-devel [root@docker ~]# mysql -h 192.168.9.9 -u root -p123456

9.11Dockerfile構建LNMP鏡像

[root@docker ~]# mkdir lnmp [root@docker ~]# cd lnmp/ [root@docker lnmp]# vim Dockerfile FROM centos:7 MAINTAINER Hannibal <hannibal1216@126.com> RUN rpm -ivh http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm RUN rpm --rebuilddb && yum -y install mariadb-devel mariadb-server mariadb php php-fpm nginx RUN sed -i '/^user/s/nginx/nginx\nginx/g' /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf RUN sed -i '10cindex index.php index.html index.htm ;' /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf RUN sed -i '30,36s/#//' /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf RUN sed -i '31s/html/\/usr\/share\/nginx\/html/' /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf RUN sed -i '/fastcgi_param/s/scripts/usr\/share\/nginx\/html/' /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf RUN sed -i '/^user/s/apache/nginx/g' /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf RUN sed -i '/^group/s/apache/nginx/g' /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf ADD db_init.sh /root/db_init.sh RUN chmod 775 /root/db_init.sh RUN /root/db_init.sh ADD index.php /usr/share/nginx/html/index.php RUN ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime EXPOSE 80 EXPOSE 9000 EXPOSE 3306 ADD run.sh /run.sh RUN chmod 775 /run.sh CMD ["/run.sh"] [root@docker lnmp]# vim db_init.sh #!/bin/bash /usr/bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql sleep 3 /usr/bin/mysqld_safe & sleep 3 mysql -e "use mysql; grant all privileges on *.* to '$MARIADB_USER'@'%' identified by '$MARIADB_PASS' with grant option;" h=$(hostname) mysql -e "use mysql; update user set password=password('$MARIADB_PASS') where user='$MARIADB_USER' and host='$h';" mysql -e "flush privileges;" [root@docker lnmp]# vim index.php<?php phpinfo(); ?> [root@docker lnmp]# vim run.sh#!/bin/bash /usr/sbin/nginx && /usr/sbin/php-fpm && /usr/bin/mysqld_safe[root@docker lnmp]# docker build -t lnmp:new .[root@docker lnmp]# docker images[root@docker lnmp]# docker run -d -p 80:80 -p 3306:3306 -p 9000:9000 --name lnmp-test --restart=always lnmp:new


9.12 Dockerfile面試題重點

9.12.1 CMD、ENTRYPOINT、RUN命令對比

1)CMD命令是容器啟動后執行的命令,一個Dockerfile可以有多個CMD,但是只有最后一個CMD生效。如果容器啟動時制定了命令,那么此命令失效。
2)RUN命令是構建鏡像時執行的命令,我們可以安裝一些應用。
3)ENTRYPOINT命令和CMD不同,不會被docker容器啟動時的命令覆蓋。
4)RUN和CMD支持參數形式命令。例[“/bin/bash”,”-c”,”apt-get update”]

9.12.2 ADD、COPY對比

1)都可以把宿主機文件上傳到容器內,但是ADD上傳壓縮包自動解壓,copy不會。
2)ADD后可以寫一個url地址。

第10章docker編排與部署工具compose

10.1簡介

Docker compose是一個定義及運行多個容器的工具,可以使用YAML文件來配置應用程序的服務。然后使用單個命令,創建并啟動配置中的所有服務。Docker compose 會通過解析容器間的依賴關系,按先后順序啟動定義的容器。
ps:docker compose官方文檔網址:https://docs.docker.com/compose/overview/

10.2步驟

1)使用Dockerfile 定義應用程序的環境,以便在任何地方進行復制。
2)在docker-compose.yml 中定義組成應用程序的服務,以便他們可以在隔離的環境中一起運行。
3)運行docker-compose 開始并運行整個應用程序。

10.3Docker compose 安裝

[root@docker ~]# curl -L \ > https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.21.1/docker-compose-`uname -s`-`uname -m` -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose [root@docker ~]# chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose [root@docker ~]# docker-compose --version

ps:也可以使用pip安裝,麻煩。

10.4 Docker compose 用法

Usage:
docker-compose [-f …] [options] [COMMAND] [ARGS…]
docker compose -f 文件 選項 命令 參數
Options:
-f, --file FILE Specify an alternate compose file
(default: docker-compose.yml)
-p, --project-name NAME Specify an alternate project name
(default: directory name)
–verbose Show more output
–log-level LEVEL Set log level (DEBUG, INFO, WARNING, ERROR, CRITICAL)
–no-ansi Do not print ANSI control characters
-v, --version Print version and exit
-H, --host HOST Daemon socket to connect to

–tls Use TLS; implied by --tlsverify
–tlscacert CA_PATH Trust certs signed only by this CA
–tlscert CLIENT_CERT_PATH Path to TLS certificate file
–tlskey TLS_KEY_PATH Path to TLS key file
–tlsverify Use TLS and verify the remote
–skip-hostname-check Don’t check the daemon’s hostname against the
name specified in the client certificate
–project-directory PATH Specify an alternate working directory
(default: the path of the Compose file)
–compatibility If set, Compose will attempt to convert deploy
keys in v3 files to their non-Swarm equivalent
Commands:
build Build or rebuild services
bundle Generate a Docker bundle from the Compose file
config Validate and view the Compose file
create Create services
down Stop and remove containers, networks, images, and volumes
events Receive real time events from containers
exec Execute a command in a running container
help Get help on a command
images List images
kill Kill containers
logs View output from containers
pause Pause services
port Print the public port for a port binding
ps List containers
pull Pull service images
push Push service images
restart Restart services
rm Remove stopped containers
run Run a one-off command
scale Set number of containers for a service
start Start services
stop Stop services
top Display the running processes
unpause Unpause services
up Create and start containers
version Show the Docker-Compose version information

10.5 YMAL簡介

YAML是一種標記語言,可讀性強。數據結構通過縮進表示,連續的項目通過減號表示,鍵值對用冒號分割,數組用括號括起來,hash用花括號括起來。
相同階層元素左側對齊(不可使用tab鍵)。
通常開頭縮進2個空格;
字符后面縮進1個空格,例冒號、逗號、橫杠;
支持 # 注釋;
允許空行,增加可讀性;

docker-compose中YAML常用字段:

10.6構建lnmp

[root@docker ~]# mkdir compose_lnmp [root@docker ~]# cd compose_lnmp/ [root@docker compose_lnmp]# vim docker-compose.yml version: '3' services:nginx:hostname: nginxbuild:context: ./nginxdockerfile: Dockerfileports:- 80:80networks:- lnmpvolumes:- ./wwwroot:/usr/local/nginx/htmlphp:hostname: phpbuild:context: ./phpdockerfile: Dockerfileports:- 9000:9000networks:- lnmpvolumes:- ./wwwroot:/usr/local/nginx/htmlmysql:hostname: mysqlimage: mysql:5.6ports:- 3306:3306networks:- lnmpvolumes:- ./mysql/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d- ./mysql/data:/var/lib/mysqlcommand: --character-set-server=utf8environment:MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: 123456MYSQL_DATABASE: wordpressMYSQL_USER: userMYSQL_PASSWORD: user123networks:lnmp: [root@docker compose_lnmp]# mkdir nginx/ [root@docker compose_lnmp]# mkdir mysql/ [root@docker compose_lnmp]# mkdir php/ [root@docker compose_lnmp]# mkdir wwwroot/ [root@docker compose_lnmp]# cd nginx/ [root@docker nginx]# vim Dockerfile FROM centos:7 MAINTAINER crushlinux ENV TIME_ZOME Asia/ShanghaiRUN useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M nginx && yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ make openssl-devel pcre-devel ADD nginx-1.12.1.tar.gz /tmpRUN cd /tmp/nginx-1.12.1 && \./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx && \make -j 2 && \make installRUN rm -rf /tmp/nginx* && yum clean all && \echo "${TIME_ZOME}" > /etc/timezone && \ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/${TIME_ZOME} /etc/localtime EXPOSE 80 COPY nginx.conf /usr/local/nginx/conf/ WORKDIR /root/nginx ADD run.sh /run.sh RUN chmod 775 /run.sh CMD ["/run.sh"] [root@docker nginx]# vim nginx.conf user nginx nginx; worker_processes 1; worker_rlimit_nofile 102400; error_log logs/error.log; pid logs/nginx.pid; events {use epoll;worker_connections 4096; }http {include mime.types;default_type application/octet-stream;log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ''$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ''"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';access_log logs/access.log main;sendfile on;keepalive_timeout 65;server {listen 80;server_name localhost;charset utf-8;location / {root html;index index.php index.html index.htm;}location ~ \.php$ {root html;fastcgi_index index.php;fastcgi_pass 192.168.200.111:9000;fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;include fastcgi_params;}} }daemon off; [root@docker nginx]# vim run.sh#!/bin/bash/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

上傳nginx壓縮包

[root@docker compose_lnmp]# cd mysql/ [root@docker mysql]# mkdir conf [root@docker conf]# vim my.cnf [mysqld] datadir=/var/lib/mysql socket=/tmp/mysql.sock symbolic-links=0[mysqld_safe] log-error=/var/log/mysql/mysql.log pid-file=/tmp/mysql.pid [root@docker conf]# cd .. [root@docker mysql]# mkdir data/ [root@docker compose_lnmp]# mkdir php/ [root@docker compose_lnmp]# cd php/ [root@docker php]# vim Dockerfile FROM centos:7 MAINTAINER crushlinux ENV TIME_ZOME Asia/Shanghai RUN yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ make gd-devel libxml2-devel libcurl-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel openssl-devel ADD php-5.6.39.tar.gz /tmp/RUN cd /tmp/php-5.6.39 && \./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php \--with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc \--with-mysql --with-mysqli \--with-openssl --with-zlib --with-curl --with-gd \--with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-iconv \--enable-fpm --enable-zip --enable-mbstring && \make -j 4 && \make installRUN cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf && \sed -i 's/127.0.0.1/0.0.0.0/g' /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf && \sed -i "21a daemonize=no" /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf && \echo "${TIME_ZOME}" > /etc/timezone && \ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/${TIME_ZOME} /etc/localtimeCOPY php.ini /usr/local/php/etc/ RUN rm -rf /tmp/php* && yum clean all WORKDIR /usr/local/php/ EXPOSE 9000 CMD ["./sbin/php-fpm","-c","/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf" [root@docker php]# vim php.ini [PHP];;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ; About php.ini ; ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ; PHP's initialization file, generally called php.ini, is responsible for ; configuring many of the aspects of PHP's behavior.; PHP attempts to find and load this configuration from a number of locations. ; The following is a summary of its search order: ; 1. SAPI module specific location. ; 2. The PHPRC environment variable. (As of PHP 5.2.0) ; 3. A number of predefined registry keys on Windows (As of PHP 5.2.0) ; 4. Current working directory (except CLI) ; 5. The web server's directory (for SAPI modules), or directory of PHP ; (otherwise in Windows) ; 6. The directory from the --with-config-file-path compile time option, or the ; Windows directory (C:\windows or C:\winnt) ; See the PHP docs for more specific information. ; http://php.net/configuration.file; The syntax of the file is extremely simple. Whitespace and lines ; beginning with a semicolon are silently ignored (as you probably guessed). ; Section headers (e.g. [Foo]) are also silently ignored, even though ; they might mean something in the future.; Directives following the section heading [PATH=/www/mysite] only ; apply to PHP files in the /www/mysite directory. Directives ; following the section heading [HOST=www.example.com] only apply to ; PHP files served from www.example.com. Directives set in these ; special sections cannot be overridden by user-defined INI files or ; at runtime. Currently, [PATH=] and [HOST=] sections only work under ; CGI/FastCGI. ; http://php.net/ini.sections; Directives are specified using the following syntax: ; directive = value ; Directive names are *case sensitive* - foo=bar is different from FOO=bar. ; Directives are variables used to configure PHP or PHP extensions. ; There is no name validation. If PHP can't find an expected ; directive because it is not set or is mistyped, a default value will be used.; The value can be a string, a number, a PHP constant (e.g. E_ALL or M_PI), one ; of the INI constants (On, Off, True, False, Yes, No and None) or an expression ; (e.g. E_ALL & ~E_NOTICE), a quoted string ("bar"), or a reference to a ; previously set variable or directive (e.g. ${foo}); Expressions in the INI file are limited to bitwise operators and parentheses: ; | bitwise OR ; ^ bitwise XOR ; & bitwise AND ; ~ bitwise NOT ; ! boolean NOT; Boolean flags can be turned on using the values 1, On, True or Yes. ; They can be turned off using the values 0, Off, False or No.; An empty string can be denoted by simply not writing anything after the equal ; sign, or by using the None keyword:; foo = ; sets foo to an empty string ; foo = None ; sets foo to an empty string ; foo = "None" ; sets foo to the string 'None'; If you use constants in your value, and these constants belong to a ; dynamically loaded extension (either a PHP extension or a Zend extension), ; you may only use these constants *after* the line that loads the extension.;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ; About this file ; ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ; PHP comes packaged with two INI files. One that is recommended to be used ; in production environments and one that is recommended to be used in ; development environments.; php.ini-production contains settings which hold security, performance and ; best practices at its core. But please be aware, these settings may break ; compatibility with older or less security conscience applications. We ; recommending using the production ini in production and testing environments.; php.ini-development is very similar to its production variant, except it is ; much more verbose when it comes to errors. We recommend using the ; development version only in development environments, as errors shown to ; application users can inadvertently leak otherwise secure information.; This is php.ini-production INI file.;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ; Quick Reference ; ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ; The following are all the settings which are different in either the production ; or development versions of the INIs with respect to PHP's default behavior. ; Please see the actual settings later in the document for more details as to why ; we recommend these changes in PHP's behavior.; display_errors ; Default Value: On ; Development Value: On ; Production Value: Off; display_startup_errors ; Default Value: Off ; Development Value: On ; Production Value: Off; error_reporting ; Default Value: E_ALL & ~E_NOTICE & ~E_STRICT & ~E_DEPRECATED ; Development Value: E_ALL ; Production Value: E_ALL & ~E_DEPRECATED & ~E_STRICT; html_errors ; Default Value: On ; Development Value: On ; Production value: On; log_errors ; Default Value: Off ; Development Value: On ; Production Value: On; max_input_time ; Default Value: -1 (Unlimited) ; Development Value: 60 (60 seconds) ; Production Value: 60 (60 seconds); output_buffering ; Default Value: Off ; Development Value: 4096 ; Production Value: 4096; register_argc_argv ; Default Value: On ; Development Value: Off ; Production Value: Off; request_order ; Default Value: None ; Development Value: "GP" ; Production Value: "GP"; session.gc_divisor ; Default Value: 100 ; Development Value: 1000 ; Production Value: 1000; session.hash_bits_per_character ; Default Value: 4 ; Development Value: 5 ; Production Value: 5; short_open_tag ; Default Value: On ; Development Value: Off ; Production Value: Off; track_errors ; Default Value: Off ; Development Value: On ; Production Value: Off; url_rewriter.tags ; Default Value: "a=href,area=href,frame=src,form=,fieldset=" ; Development Value: "a=href,area=href,frame=src,input=src,form=fakeentry" ; Production Value: "a=href,area=href,frame=src,input=src,form=fakeentry"; variables_order ; Default Value: "EGPCS" ; Development Value: "GPCS" ; Production Value: "GPCS";;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ; php.ini Options ; ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ; Name for user-defined php.ini (.htaccess) files. Default is ".user.ini" ;user_ini.filename = ".user.ini"; To disable this feature set this option to empty value ;user_ini.filename =; TTL for user-defined php.ini files (time-to-live) in seconds. Default is 300 seconds (5 minutes) ;user_ini.cache_ttl = 300;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ; Language Options ; ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; Enable the PHP scripting language engine under Apache. ; http://php.net/engine engine = On; This directive determines whether or not PHP will recognize code between ; <? and ?> tags as PHP source which should be processed as such. It is ; generally recommended that <?php and ?> should be used and that this feature ; should be disabled, as enabling it may result in issues when generating XML ; documents, however this remains supported for backward compatibility reasons. ; Note that this directive does not control the <?= shorthand tag, which can be ; used regardless of this directive. ; Default Value: On ; Development Value: Off ; Production Value: Off ; http://php.net/short-open-tag short_open_tag = Off; Allow ASP-style <% %> tags. ; http://php.net/asp-tags asp_tags = Off; The number of significant digits displayed in floating point numbers. ; http://php.net/precision precision = 14; Output buffering is a mechanism for controlling how much output data ; (excluding headers and cookies) PHP should keep internally before pushing that ; data to the client. If your application's output exceeds this setting, PHP ; will send that data in chunks of roughly the size you specify. ; Turning on this setting and managing its maximum buffer size can yield some ; interesting side-effects depending on your application and web server. ; You may be able to send headers and cookies after you've already sent output ; through print or echo. You also may see performance benefits if your server is ; emitting less packets due to buffered output versus PHP streaming the output ; as it gets it. On production servers, 4096 bytes is a good setting for performance ; reasons. ; Note: Output buffering can also be controlled via Output Buffering Control ; functions. ; Possible Values: ; On = Enabled and buffer is unlimited. (Use with caution) ; Off = Disabled ; Integer = Enables the buffer and sets its maximum size in bytes. ; Note: This directive is hardcoded to Off for the CLI SAPI ; Default Value: Off ; Development Value: 4096 ; Production Value: 4096 ; http://php.net/output-buffering output_buffering = 4096; You can redirect all of the output of your scripts to a function. For ; example, if you set output_handler to "mb_output_handler", character ; encoding will be transparently converted to the specified encoding. ; Setting any output handler automatically turns on output buffering. ; Note: People who wrote portable scripts should not depend on this ini ; directive. Instead, explicitly set the output handler using ob_start(). ; Using this ini directive may cause problems unless you know what script ; is doing. ; Note: You cannot use both "mb_output_handler" with "ob_iconv_handler" ; and you cannot use both "ob_gzhandler" and "zlib.output_compression". ; Note: output_handler must be empty if this is set 'On' !!!! ; Instead you must use zlib.output_handler. ; http://php.net/output-handler ;output_handler =; Transparent output compression using the zlib library ; Valid values for this option are 'off', 'on', or a specific buffer size ; to be used for compression (default is 4KB) ; Note: Resulting chunk size may vary due to nature of compression. PHP ; outputs chunks that are few hundreds bytes each as a result of ; compression. If you prefer a larger chunk size for better ; performance, enable output_buffering in addition. ; Note: You need to use zlib.output_handler instead of the standard ; output_handler, or otherwise the output will be corrupted. ; http://php.net/zlib.output-compression zlib.output_compression = Off; http://php.net/zlib.output-compression-level ;zlib.output_compression_level = -1; You cannot specify additional output handlers if zlib.output_compression ; is activated here. This setting does the same as output_handler but in ; a different order. ; http://php.net/zlib.output-handler ;zlib.output_handler =; Implicit flush tells PHP to tell the output layer to flush itself ; automatically after every output block. This is equivalent to calling the ; PHP function flush() after each and every call to print() or echo() and each ; and every HTML block. Turning this option on has serious performance ; implications and is generally recommended for debugging purposes only. ; http://php.net/implicit-flush ; Note: This directive is hardcoded to On for the CLI SAPI implicit_flush = Off; The unserialize callback function will be called (with the undefined class' ; name as parameter), if the unserializer finds an undefined class ; which should be instantiated. A warning appears if the specified function is ; not defined, or if the function doesn't include/implement the missing class. ; So only set this entry, if you really want to implement such a ; callback-function. unserialize_callback_func =; When floats & doubles are serialized store serialize_precision significant ; digits after the floating point. The default value ensures that when floats ; are decoded with unserialize, the data will remain the same. serialize_precision = 17; open_basedir, if set, limits all file operations to the defined directory ; and below. This directive makes most sense if used in a per-directory ; or per-virtualhost web server configuration file. ; http://php.net/open-basedir ;open_basedir =; This directive allows you to disable certain functions for security reasons. ; It receives a comma-delimited list of function names. ; http://php.net/disable-functions disable_functions =; This directive allows you to disable certain classes for security reasons. ; It receives a comma-delimited list of class names. ; http://php.net/disable-classes disable_classes =; Colors for Syntax Highlighting mode. Anything that's acceptable in ; <span style="color: ???????"> would work. ; http://php.net/syntax-highlighting ;highlight.string = #DD0000 ;highlight.comment = #FF9900 ;highlight.keyword = #007700 ;highlight.default = #0000BB ;highlight.html = #000000; If enabled, the request will be allowed to complete even if the user aborts ; the request. Consider enabling it if executing long requests, which may end up ; being interrupted by the user or a browser timing out. PHP's default behavior ; is to disable this feature. ; http://php.net/ignore-user-abort ;ignore_user_abort = On; Determines the size of the realpath cache to be used by PHP. This value should ; be increased on systems where PHP opens many files to reflect the quantity of ; the file operations performed. ; http://php.net/realpath-cache-size ;realpath_cache_size = 16k; Duration of time, in seconds for which to cache realpath information for a given ; file or directory. For systems with rarely changing files, consider increasing this ; value. ; http://php.net/realpath-cache-ttl ;realpath_cache_ttl = 120; Enables or disables the circular reference collector. ; http://php.net/zend.enable-gc zend.enable_gc = On; If enabled, scripts may be written in encodings that are incompatible with ; the scanner. CP936, Big5, CP949 and Shift_JIS are the examples of such ; encodings. To use this feature, mbstring extension must be enabled. ; Default: Off ;zend.multibyte = Off; Allows to set the default encoding for the scripts. This value will be used ; unless "declare(encoding=...)" directive appears at the top of the script. ; Only affects if zend.multibyte is set. ; Default: "" ;zend.script_encoding =;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ; Miscellaneous ; ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; Decides whether PHP may expose the fact that it is installed on the server ; (e.g. by adding its signature to the Web server header). It is no security ; threat in any way, but it makes it possible to determine whether you use PHP ; on your server or not. ; http://php.net/expose-php expose_php = On;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ; Resource Limits ; ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; Maximum execution time of each script, in seconds ; http://php.net/max-execution-time ; Note: This directive is hardcoded to 0 for the CLI SAPI max_execution_time = 30; Maximum amount of time each script may spend parsing request data. It's a good ; idea to limit this time on productions servers in order to eliminate unexpectedly ; long running scripts. ; Note: This directive is hardcoded to -1 for the CLI SAPI ; Default Value: -1 (Unlimited) ; Development Value: 60 (60 seconds) ; Production Value: 60 (60 seconds) ; http://php.net/max-input-time max_input_time = 60; Maximum input variable nesting level ; http://php.net/max-input-nesting-level ;max_input_nesting_level = 64; How many GET/POST/COOKIE input variables may be accepted ; max_input_vars = 1000; Maximum amount of memory a script may consume (128MB) ; http://php.net/memory-limit memory_limit = 128M;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ; Error handling and logging ; ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; This directive informs PHP of which errors, warnings and notices you would like ; it to take action for. The recommended way of setting values for this ; directive is through the use of the error level constants and bitwise ; operators. The error level constants are below here for convenience as well as ; some common settings and their meanings. ; By default, PHP is set to take action on all errors, notices and warnings EXCEPT ; those related to E_NOTICE and E_STRICT, which together cover best practices and ; recommended coding standards in PHP. For performance reasons, this is the ; recommend error reporting setting. Your production server shouldn't be wasting ; resources complaining about best practices and coding standards. That's what ; development servers and development settings are for. ; Note: The php.ini-development file has this setting as E_ALL. This ; means it pretty much reports everything which is exactly what you want during ; development and early testing. ; ; Error Level Constants: ; E_ALL - All errors and warnings (includes E_STRICT as of PHP 5.4.0) ; E_ERROR - fatal run-time errors ; E_RECOVERABLE_ERROR - almost fatal run-time errors ; E_WARNING - run-time warnings (non-fatal errors) ; E_PARSE - compile-time parse errors ; E_NOTICE - run-time notices (these are warnings which often result ; from a bug in your code, but it's possible that it was ; intentional (e.g., using an uninitialized variable and ; relying on the fact it is automatically initialized to an ; empty string) ; E_STRICT - run-time notices, enable to have PHP suggest changes ; to your code which will ensure the best interoperability ; and forward compatibility of your code ; E_CORE_ERROR - fatal errors that occur during PHP's initial startup ; E_CORE_WARNING - warnings (non-fatal errors) that occur during PHP's ; initial startup ; E_COMPILE_ERROR - fatal compile-time errors ; E_COMPILE_WARNING - compile-time warnings (non-fatal errors) ; E_USER_ERROR - user-generated error message ; E_USER_WARNING - user-generated warning message ; E_USER_NOTICE - user-generated notice message ; E_DEPRECATED - warn about code that will not work in future versions ; of PHP ; E_USER_DEPRECATED - user-generated deprecation warnings ; ; Common Values: ; E_ALL (Show all errors, warnings and notices including coding standards.) ; E_ALL & ~E_NOTICE (Show all errors, except for notices) ; E_ALL & ~E_NOTICE & ~E_STRICT (Show all errors, except for notices and coding standards warnings.) ; E_COMPILE_ERROR|E_RECOVERABLE_ERROR|E_ERROR|E_CORE_ERROR (Show only errors) ; Default Value: E_ALL & ~E_NOTICE & ~E_STRICT & ~E_DEPRECATED ; Development Value: E_ALL ; Production Value: E_ALL & ~E_DEPRECATED & ~E_STRICT ; http://php.net/error-reporting error_reporting = E_ALL & ~E_DEPRECATED & ~E_STRICT; This directive controls whether or not and where PHP will output errors, ; notices and warnings too. Error output is very useful during development, but ; it could be very dangerous in production environments. Depending on the code ; which is triggering the error, sensitive information could potentially leak ; out of your application such as database usernames and passwords or worse. ; For production environments, we recommend logging errors rather than ; sending them to STDOUT. ; Possible Values: ; Off = Do not display any errors ; stderr = Display errors to STDERR (affects only CGI/CLI binaries!) ; On or stdout = Display errors to STDOUT ; Default Value: On ; Development Value: On ; Production Value: Off ; http://php.net/display-errors display_errors = Off; The display of errors which occur during PHP's startup sequence are handled ; separately from display_errors. PHP's default behavior is to suppress those ; errors from clients. Turning the display of startup errors on can be useful in ; debugging configuration problems. We strongly recommend you ; set this to 'off' for production servers. ; Default Value: Off ; Development Value: On ; Production Value: Off ; http://php.net/display-startup-errors display_startup_errors = Off; Besides displaying errors, PHP can also log errors to locations such as a ; server-specific log, STDERR, or a location specified by the error_log ; directive found below. While errors should not be displayed on productions ; servers they should still be monitored and logging is a great way to do that. ; Default Value: Off ; Development Value: On ; Production Value: On ; http://php.net/log-errors log_errors = On; Set maximum length of log_errors. In error_log information about the source is ; added. The default is 1024 and 0 allows to not apply any maximum length at all. ; http://php.net/log-errors-max-len log_errors_max_len = 1024; Do not log repeated messages. Repeated errors must occur in same file on same ; line unless ignore_repeated_source is set true. ; http://php.net/ignore-repeated-errors ignore_repeated_errors = Off; Ignore source of message when ignoring repeated messages. When this setting ; is On you will not log errors with repeated messages from different files or ; source lines. ; http://php.net/ignore-repeated-source ignore_repeated_source = Off; If this parameter is set to Off, then memory leaks will not be shown (on ; stdout or in the log). This has only effect in a debug compile, and if ; error reporting includes E_WARNING in the allowed list ; http://php.net/report-memleaks report_memleaks = On; This setting is on by default. ;report_zend_debug = 0; Store the last error/warning message in $php_errormsg (boolean). Setting this value ; to On can assist in debugging and is appropriate for development servers. It should ; however be disabled on production servers. ; Default Value: Off ; Development Value: On ; Production Value: Off ; http://php.net/track-errors track_errors = Off; Turn off normal error reporting and emit XML-RPC error XML ; http://php.net/xmlrpc-errors ;xmlrpc_errors = 0; An XML-RPC faultCode ;xmlrpc_error_number = 0; When PHP displays or logs an error, it has the capability of formatting the ; error message as HTML for easier reading. This directive controls whether ; the error message is formatted as HTML or not. ; Note: This directive is hardcoded to Off for the CLI SAPI ; Default Value: On ; Development Value: On ; Production value: On ; http://php.net/html-errors html_errors = On; If html_errors is set to On *and* docref_root is not empty, then PHP ; produces clickable error messages that direct to a page describing the error ; or function causing the error in detail. ; You can download a copy of the PHP manual from http://php.net/docs ; and change docref_root to the base URL of your local copy including the ; leading '/'. You must also specify the file extension being used including ; the dot. PHP's default behavior is to leave these settings empty, in which ; case no links to documentation are generated. ; Note: Never use this feature for production boxes. ; http://php.net/docref-root ; Examples ;docref_root = "/phpmanual/"; http://php.net/docref-ext ;docref_ext = .html; String to output before an error message. PHP's default behavior is to leave ; this setting blank. ; http://php.net/error-prepend-string ; Example: ;error_prepend_string = "<span style='color: #ff0000'>"; String to output after an error message. PHP's default behavior is to leave ; this setting blank. ; http://php.net/error-append-string ; Example: ;error_append_string = "</span>"; Log errors to specified file. PHP's default behavior is to leave this value ; empty. ; http://php.net/error-log ; Example: ;error_log = php_errors.log ; Log errors to syslog (Event Log on Windows). ;error_log = syslog;windows.show_crt_warning ; Default value: 0 ; Development value: 0 ; Production value: 0;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ; Data Handling ; ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; The separator used in PHP generated URLs to separate arguments. ; PHP's default setting is "&". ; http://php.net/arg-separator.output ; Example: ;arg_separator.output = "&amp;"; List of separator(s) used by PHP to parse input URLs into variables. ; PHP's default setting is "&". ; NOTE: Every character in this directive is considered as separator! ; http://php.net/arg-separator.input ; Example: ;arg_separator.input = ";&"; This directive determines which super global arrays are registered when PHP ; starts up. G,P,C,E & S are abbreviations for the following respective super ; globals: GET, POST, COOKIE, ENV and SERVER. There is a performance penalty ; paid for the registration of these arrays and because ENV is not as commonly ; used as the others, ENV is not recommended on productions servers. You ; can still get access to the environment variables through getenv() should you ; need to. ; Default Value: "EGPCS" ; Development Value: "GPCS" ; Production Value: "GPCS"; ; http://php.net/variables-order variables_order = "GPCS"; This directive determines which super global data (G,P & C) should be ; registered into the super global array REQUEST. If so, it also determines ; the order in which that data is registered. The values for this directive ; are specified in the same manner as the variables_order directive, ; EXCEPT one. Leaving this value empty will cause PHP to use the value set ; in the variables_order directive. It does not mean it will leave the super ; globals array REQUEST empty. ; Default Value: None ; Development Value: "GP" ; Production Value: "GP" ; http://php.net/request-order request_order = "GP"; This directive determines whether PHP registers $argv & $argc each time it ; runs. $argv contains an array of all the arguments passed to PHP when a script ; is invoked. $argc contains an integer representing the number of arguments ; that were passed when the script was invoked. These arrays are extremely ; useful when running scripts from the command line. When this directive is ; enabled, registering these variables consumes CPU cycles and memory each time ; a script is executed. For performance reasons, this feature should be disabled ; on production servers. ; Note: This directive is hardcoded to On for the CLI SAPI ; Default Value: On ; Development Value: Off ; Production Value: Off ; http://php.net/register-argc-argv register_argc_argv = Off; When enabled, the ENV, REQUEST and SERVER variables are created when they're ; first used (Just In Time) instead of when the script starts. If these ; variables are not used within a script, having this directive on will result ; in a performance gain. The PHP directive register_argc_argv must be disabled ; for this directive to have any affect. ; http://php.net/auto-globals-jit auto_globals_jit = On; Whether PHP will read the POST data. ; This option is enabled by default. ; Most likely, you won't want to disable this option globally. It causes $_POST ; and $_FILES to always be empty; the only way you will be able to read the ; POST data will be through the php://input stream wrapper. This can be useful ; to proxy requests or to process the POST data in a memory efficient fashion. ; http://php.net/enable-post-data-reading ;enable_post_data_reading = Off; Maximum size of POST data that PHP will accept. ; Its value may be 0 to disable the limit. It is ignored if POST data reading ; is disabled through enable_post_data_reading. ; http://php.net/post-max-size post_max_size = 8M; Automatically add files before PHP document. ; http://php.net/auto-prepend-file auto_prepend_file =; Automatically add files after PHP document. ; http://php.net/auto-append-file auto_append_file =; By default, PHP will output a media type using the Content-Type header. To ; disable this, simply set it to be empty. ; ; PHP's built-in default media type is set to text/html. ; http://php.net/default-mimetype default_mimetype = "text/html"; PHP's default character set is set to UTF-8. ; http://php.net/default-charset default_charset = "UTF-8"; PHP internal character encoding is set to empty. ; If empty, default_charset is used. ; http://php.net/internal-encoding ;internal_encoding =; PHP input character encoding is set to empty. ; If empty, default_charset is used. ; http://php.net/input-encoding ;input_encoding =; PHP output character encoding is set to empty. ; If empty, default_charset is used. ; See also output_buffer. ; http://php.net/output-encoding ;output_encoding =; Always populate the $HTTP_RAW_POST_DATA variable. PHP's default behavior is ; to disable this feature and it will be removed in a future version. ; If post reading is disabled through enable_post_data_reading, ; $HTTP_RAW_POST_DATA is *NOT* populated. ; http://php.net/always-populate-raw-post-data ;always_populate_raw_post_data = -1;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ; Paths and Directories ; ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; UNIX: "/path1:/path2" ;include_path = ".:/php/includes" ; ; Windows: "\path1;\path2" ;include_path = ".;c:\php\includes" ; ; PHP's default setting for include_path is ".;/path/to/php/pear" ; http://php.net/include-path; The root of the PHP pages, used only if nonempty. ; if PHP was not compiled with FORCE_REDIRECT, you SHOULD set doc_root ; if you are running php as a CGI under any web server (other than IIS) ; see documentation for security issues. The alternate is to use the ; cgi.force_redirect configuration below ; http://php.net/doc-root doc_root =; The directory under which PHP opens the script using /~username used only ; if nonempty. ; http://php.net/user-dir user_dir =; Directory in which the loadable extensions (modules) reside. ; http://php.net/extension-dir ; extension_dir = "./" ; On windows: ; extension_dir = "ext"; Directory where the temporary files should be placed. ; Defaults to the system default (see sys_get_temp_dir) ; sys_temp_dir = "/tmp"; Whether or not to enable the dl() function. The dl() function does NOT work ; properly in multithreaded servers, such as IIS or Zeus, and is automatically ; disabled on them. ; http://php.net/enable-dl enable_dl = Off; cgi.force_redirect is necessary to provide security running PHP as a CGI under ; most web servers. Left undefined, PHP turns this on by default. You can ; turn it off here AT YOUR OWN RISK ; **You CAN safely turn this off for IIS, in fact, you MUST.** ; http://php.net/cgi.force-redirect ;cgi.force_redirect = 1; if cgi.nph is enabled it will force cgi to always sent Status: 200 with ; every request. PHP's default behavior is to disable this feature. ;cgi.nph = 1; if cgi.force_redirect is turned on, and you are not running under Apache or Netscape ; (iPlanet) web servers, you MAY need to set an environment variable name that PHP ; will look for to know it is OK to continue execution. Setting this variable MAY ; cause security issues, KNOW WHAT YOU ARE DOING FIRST. ; http://php.net/cgi.redirect-status-env ;cgi.redirect_status_env =; cgi.fix_pathinfo provides *real* PATH_INFO/PATH_TRANSLATED support for CGI. PHP's ; previous behaviour was to set PATH_TRANSLATED to SCRIPT_FILENAME, and to not grok ; what PATH_INFO is. For more information on PATH_INFO, see the cgi specs. Setting ; this to 1 will cause PHP CGI to fix its paths to conform to the spec. A setting ; of zero causes PHP to behave as before. Default is 1. You should fix your scripts ; to use SCRIPT_FILENAME rather than PATH_TRANSLATED. ; http://php.net/cgi.fix-pathinfo ;cgi.fix_pathinfo=1; if cgi.discard_path is enabled, the PHP CGI binary can safely be placed outside ; of the web tree and people will not be able to circumvent .htaccess security. ; http://php.net/cgi.dicard-path ;cgi.discard_path=1; FastCGI under IIS (on WINNT based OS) supports the ability to impersonate ; security tokens of the calling client. This allows IIS to define the ; security context that the request runs under. mod_fastcgi under Apache ; does not currently support this feature (03/17/2002) ; Set to 1 if running under IIS. Default is zero. ; http://php.net/fastcgi.impersonate ;fastcgi.impersonate = 1; Disable logging through FastCGI connection. PHP's default behavior is to enable ; this feature. ;fastcgi.logging = 0; cgi.rfc2616_headers configuration option tells PHP what type of headers to ; use when sending HTTP response code. If set to 0, PHP sends Status: header that ; is supported by Apache. When this option is set to 1, PHP will send ; RFC2616 compliant header. ; Default is zero. ; http://php.net/cgi.rfc2616-headers ;cgi.rfc2616_headers = 0; cgi.check_shebang_line controls whether CGI PHP checks for line starting with #! ; (shebang) at the top of the running script. This line might be needed if the ; script support running both as stand-alone script and via PHP CGI<. PHP in CGI ; mode skips this line and ignores its content if this directive is turned on. ; http://php.net/cgi.check-shebang-line ;cgi.check_shebang_line=1;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ; File Uploads ; ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; Whether to allow HTTP file uploads. ; http://php.net/file-uploads file_uploads = On; Temporary directory for HTTP uploaded files (will use system default if not ; specified). ; http://php.net/upload-tmp-dir ;upload_tmp_dir =; Maximum allowed size for uploaded files. ; http://php.net/upload-max-filesize upload_max_filesize = 2M; Maximum number of files that can be uploaded via a single request max_file_uploads = 20;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ; Fopen wrappers ; ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; Whether to allow the treatment of URLs (like http:// or ftp://) as files. ; http://php.net/allow-url-fopen allow_url_fopen = On; Whether to allow include/require to open URLs (like http:// or ftp://) as files. ; http://php.net/allow-url-include allow_url_include = Off; Define the anonymous ftp password (your email address). PHP's default setting ; for this is empty. ; http://php.net/from ;from="john@doe.com"; Define the User-Agent string. PHP's default setting for this is empty. ; http://php.net/user-agent ;user_agent="PHP"; Default timeout for socket based streams (seconds) ; http://php.net/default-socket-timeout default_socket_timeout = 60; If your scripts have to deal with files from Macintosh systems, ; or you are running on a Mac and need to deal with files from ; unix or win32 systems, setting this flag will cause PHP to ; automatically detect the EOL character in those files so that ; fgets() and file() will work regardless of the source of the file. ; http://php.net/auto-detect-line-endings ;auto_detect_line_endings = Off;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ; Dynamic Extensions ; ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; If you wish to have an extension loaded automatically, use the following ; syntax: ; ; extension=modulename.extension ; ; For example, on Windows: ; ; extension=msql.dll ; ; ... or under UNIX: ; ; extension=msql.so ; ; ... or with a path: ; ; extension=/path/to/extension/msql.so ; ; If you only provide the name of the extension, PHP will look for it in its ; default extension directory. ; ; Windows Extensions ; Note that ODBC support is built in, so no dll is needed for it. ; Note that many DLL files are located in the extensions/ (PHP 4) ext/ (PHP 5) ; extension folders as well as the separate PECL DLL download (PHP 5). ; Be sure to appropriately set the extension_dir directive. ; ;extension=php_bz2.dll ;extension=php_curl.dll ;extension=php_fileinfo.dll ;extension=php_gd2.dll ;extension=php_gettext.dll ;extension=php_gmp.dll ;extension=php_intl.dll ;extension=php_imap.dll ;extension=php_interbase.dll ;extension=php_ldap.dll ;extension=php_mbstring.dll ;extension=php_exif.dll ; Must be after mbstring as it depends on it ;extension=php_mysql.dll ;extension=php_mysqli.dll ;extension=php_oci8_12c.dll ; Use with Oracle Database 12c Instant Client ;extension=php_openssl.dll ;extension=php_pdo_firebird.dll ;extension=php_pdo_mysql.dll ;extension=php_pdo_oci.dll ;extension=php_pdo_odbc.dll ;extension=php_pdo_pgsql.dll ;extension=php_pdo_sqlite.dll ;extension=php_pgsql.dll ;extension=php_shmop.dll; The MIBS data available in the PHP distribution must be installed. ; See http://www.php.net/manual/en/snmp.installation.php ;extension=php_snmp.dll;extension=php_soap.dll ;extension=php_sockets.dll ;extension=php_sqlite3.dll ;extension=php_sybase_ct.dll ;extension=php_tidy.dll ;extension=php_xmlrpc.dll ;extension=php_xsl.dll;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ; Module Settings ; ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;[CLI Server] ; Whether the CLI web server uses ANSI color coding in its terminal output. cli_server.color = On[Date] ; Defines the default timezone used by the date functions ; http://php.net/date.timezone ;date.timezone =; http://php.net/date.default-latitude ;date.default_latitude = 31.7667; http://php.net/date.default-longitude ;date.default_longitude = 35.2333; http://php.net/date.sunrise-zenith ;date.sunrise_zenith = 90.583333; http://php.net/date.sunset-zenith ;date.sunset_zenith = 90.583333[filter] ; http://php.net/filter.default ;filter.default = unsafe_raw; http://php.net/filter.default-flags ;filter.default_flags =[iconv] ; Use of this INI entry is deprecated, use global input_encoding instead. ; If empty, default_charset or input_encoding or iconv.input_encoding is used. ; The precedence is: default_charset < intput_encoding < iconv.input_encoding ;iconv.input_encoding =; Use of this INI entry is deprecated, use global internal_encoding instead. ; If empty, default_charset or internal_encoding or iconv.internal_encoding is used. ; The precedence is: default_charset < internal_encoding < iconv.internal_encoding ;iconv.internal_encoding =; Use of this INI entry is deprecated, use global output_encoding instead. ; If empty, default_charset or output_encoding or iconv.output_encoding is used. ; The precedence is: default_charset < output_encoding < iconv.output_encoding ; To use an output encoding conversion, iconv's output handler must be set ; otherwise output encoding conversion cannot be performed. ;iconv.output_encoding =[intl] ;intl.default_locale = ; This directive allows you to produce PHP errors when some error ; happens within intl functions. The value is the level of the error produced. ; Default is 0, which does not produce any errors. ;intl.error_level = E_WARNING ;intl.use_exceptions = 0[sqlite3] ;sqlite3.extension_dir =[Pcre] ;PCRE library backtracking limit. ; http://php.net/pcre.backtrack-limit ;pcre.backtrack_limit=100000;PCRE library recursion limit. ;Please note that if you set this value to a high number you may consume all ;the available process stack and eventually crash PHP (due to reaching the ;stack size limit imposed by the Operating System). ; http://php.net/pcre.recursion-limit ;pcre.recursion_limit=100000[Pdo] ; Whether to pool ODBC connections. Can be one of "strict", "relaxed" or "off" ; http://php.net/pdo-odbc.connection-pooling ;pdo_odbc.connection_pooling=strict;pdo_odbc.db2_instance_name[Pdo_mysql] ; If mysqlnd is used: Number of cache slots for the internal result set cache ; http://php.net/pdo_mysql.cache_size pdo_mysql.cache_size = 2000; Default socket name for local MySQL connects. If empty, uses the built-in ; MySQL defaults. ; http://php.net/pdo_mysql.default-socket pdo_mysql.default_socket=[Phar] ; http://php.net/phar.readonly ;phar.readonly = On; http://php.net/phar.require-hash ;phar.require_hash = On;phar.cache_list =[mail function] ; For Win32 only. ; http://php.net/smtp SMTP = localhost ; http://php.net/smtp-port smtp_port = 25; For Win32 only. ; http://php.net/sendmail-from ;sendmail_from = me@example.com; For Unix only. You may supply arguments as well (default: "sendmail -t -i"). ; http://php.net/sendmail-path ;sendmail_path =; Force the addition of the specified parameters to be passed as extra parameters ; to the sendmail binary. These parameters will always replace the value of ; the 5th parameter to mail(). ;mail.force_extra_parameters =; Add X-PHP-Originating-Script: that will include uid of the script followed by the filename mail.add_x_header = On; The path to a log file that will log all mail() calls. Log entries include ; the full path of the script, line number, To address and headers. ;mail.log = ; Log mail to syslog (Event Log on Windows). ;mail.log = syslog[SQL] ; http://php.net/sql.safe-mode sql.safe_mode = Off[ODBC] ; http://php.net/odbc.default-db ;odbc.default_db = Not yet implemented; http://php.net/odbc.default-user ;odbc.default_user = Not yet implemented; http://php.net/odbc.default-pw ;odbc.default_pw = Not yet implemented; Controls the ODBC cursor model. ; Default: SQL_CURSOR_STATIC (default). ;odbc.default_cursortype; Allow or prevent persistent links. ; http://php.net/odbc.allow-persistent odbc.allow_persistent = On; Check that a connection is still valid before reuse. ; http://php.net/odbc.check-persistent odbc.check_persistent = On; Maximum number of persistent links. -1 means no limit. ; http://php.net/odbc.max-persistent odbc.max_persistent = -1; Maximum number of links (persistent + non-persistent). -1 means no limit. ; http://php.net/odbc.max-links odbc.max_links = -1; Handling of LONG fields. Returns number of bytes to variables. 0 means ; passthru. ; http://php.net/odbc.defaultlrl odbc.defaultlrl = 4096; Handling of binary data. 0 means passthru, 1 return as is, 2 convert to char. ; See the documentation on odbc_binmode and odbc_longreadlen for an explanation ; of odbc.defaultlrl and odbc.defaultbinmode ; http://php.net/odbc.defaultbinmode odbc.defaultbinmode = 1;birdstep.max_links = -1[Interbase] ; Allow or prevent persistent links. ibase.allow_persistent = 1; Maximum number of persistent links. -1 means no limit. ibase.max_persistent = -1; Maximum number of links (persistent + non-persistent). -1 means no limit. ibase.max_links = -1; Default database name for ibase_connect(). ;ibase.default_db =; Default username for ibase_connect(). ;ibase.default_user =; Default password for ibase_connect(). ;ibase.default_password =; Default charset for ibase_connect(). ;ibase.default_charset =; Default timestamp format. ibase.timestampformat = "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"; Default date format. ibase.dateformat = "%Y-%m-%d"; Default time format. ibase.timeformat = "%H:%M:%S"[MySQL] ; Allow accessing, from PHP's perspective, local files with LOAD DATA statements ; http://php.net/mysql.allow_local_infile mysql.allow_local_infile = On; Allow or prevent persistent links. ; http://php.net/mysql.allow-persistent mysql.allow_persistent = On; If mysqlnd is used: Number of cache slots for the internal result set cache ; http://php.net/mysql.cache_size mysql.cache_size = 2000; Maximum number of persistent links. -1 means no limit. ; http://php.net/mysql.max-persistent mysql.max_persistent = -1; Maximum number of links (persistent + non-persistent). -1 means no limit. ; http://php.net/mysql.max-links mysql.max_links = -1; Default port number for mysql_connect(). If unset, mysql_connect() will use ; the $MYSQL_TCP_PORT or the mysql-tcp entry in /etc/services or the ; compile-time value defined MYSQL_PORT (in that order). Win32 will only look ; at MYSQL_PORT. ; http://php.net/mysql.default-port mysql.default_port =; Default socket name for local MySQL connects. If empty, uses the built-in ; MySQL defaults. ; http://php.net/mysql.default-socket mysql.default_socket =; Default host for mysql_connect() (doesn't apply in safe mode). ; http://php.net/mysql.default-host mysql.default_host =; Default user for mysql_connect() (doesn't apply in safe mode). ; http://php.net/mysql.default-user mysql.default_user =; Default password for mysql_connect() (doesn't apply in safe mode). ; Note that this is generally a *bad* idea to store passwords in this file. ; *Any* user with PHP access can run 'echo get_cfg_var("mysql.default_password") ; and reveal this password! And of course, any users with read access to this ; file will be able to reveal the password as well. ; http://php.net/mysql.default-password mysql.default_password =; Maximum time (in seconds) for connect timeout. -1 means no limit ; http://php.net/mysql.connect-timeout mysql.connect_timeout = 60; Trace mode. When trace_mode is active (=On), warnings for table/index scans and ; SQL-Errors will be displayed. ; http://php.net/mysql.trace-mode mysql.trace_mode = Off[MySQLi]; Maximum number of persistent links. -1 means no limit. ; http://php.net/mysqli.max-persistent mysqli.max_persistent = -1; Allow accessing, from PHP's perspective, local files with LOAD DATA statements ; http://php.net/mysqli.allow_local_infile ;mysqli.allow_local_infile = On; Allow or prevent persistent links. ; http://php.net/mysqli.allow-persistent mysqli.allow_persistent = On; Maximum number of links. -1 means no limit. ; http://php.net/mysqli.max-links mysqli.max_links = -1; If mysqlnd is used: Number of cache slots for the internal result set cache ; http://php.net/mysqli.cache_size mysqli.cache_size = 2000; Default port number for mysqli_connect(). If unset, mysqli_connect() will use ; the $MYSQL_TCP_PORT or the mysql-tcp entry in /etc/services or the ; compile-time value defined MYSQL_PORT (in that order). Win32 will only look ; at MYSQL_PORT. ; http://php.net/mysqli.default-port mysqli.default_port = 3306; Default socket name for local MySQL connects. If empty, uses the built-in ; MySQL defaults. ; http://php.net/mysqli.default-socket mysqli.default_socket =; Default host for mysql_connect() (doesn't apply in safe mode). ; http://php.net/mysqli.default-host mysqli.default_host =; Default user for mysql_connect() (doesn't apply in safe mode). ; http://php.net/mysqli.default-user mysqli.default_user =; Default password for mysqli_connect() (doesn't apply in safe mode). ; Note that this is generally a *bad* idea to store passwords in this file. ; *Any* user with PHP access can run 'echo get_cfg_var("mysqli.default_pw") ; and reveal this password! And of course, any users with read access to this ; file will be able to reveal the password as well. ; http://php.net/mysqli.default-pw mysqli.default_pw =; Allow or prevent reconnect mysqli.reconnect = Off[mysqlnd] ; Enable / Disable collection of general statistics by mysqlnd which can be ; used to tune and monitor MySQL operations. ; http://php.net/mysqlnd.collect_statistics mysqlnd.collect_statistics = On; Enable / Disable collection of memory usage statistics by mysqlnd which can be ; used to tune and monitor MySQL operations. ; http://php.net/mysqlnd.collect_memory_statistics mysqlnd.collect_memory_statistics = Off; Records communication from all extensions using mysqlnd to the specified log ; file. ; http://php.net/mysqlnd.debug ;mysqlnd.debug =; Defines which queries will be logged. ; http://php.net/mysqlnd.log_mask ;mysqlnd.log_mask = 0; Default size of the mysqlnd memory pool, which is used by result sets. ; http://php.net/mysqlnd.mempool_default_size ;mysqlnd.mempool_default_size = 16000; Size of a pre-allocated buffer used when sending commands to MySQL in bytes. ; http://php.net/mysqlnd.net_cmd_buffer_size ;mysqlnd.net_cmd_buffer_size = 2048; Size of a pre-allocated buffer used for reading data sent by the server in ; bytes. ; http://php.net/mysqlnd.net_read_buffer_size ;mysqlnd.net_read_buffer_size = 32768; Timeout for network requests in seconds. ; http://php.net/mysqlnd.net_read_timeout ;mysqlnd.net_read_timeout = 31536000; SHA-256 Authentication Plugin related. File with the MySQL server public RSA ; key. ; http://php.net/mysqlnd.sha256_server_public_key ;mysqlnd.sha256_server_public_key =[OCI8]; Connection: Enables privileged connections using external ; credentials (OCI_SYSOPER, OCI_SYSDBA) ; http://php.net/oci8.privileged-connect ;oci8.privileged_connect = Off; Connection: The maximum number of persistent OCI8 connections per ; process. Using -1 means no limit. ; http://php.net/oci8.max-persistent ;oci8.max_persistent = -1; Connection: The maximum number of seconds a process is allowed to ; maintain an idle persistent connection. Using -1 means idle ; persistent connections will be maintained forever. ; http://php.net/oci8.persistent-timeout ;oci8.persistent_timeout = -1; Connection: The number of seconds that must pass before issuing a ; ping during oci_pconnect() to check the connection validity. When ; set to 0, each oci_pconnect() will cause a ping. Using -1 disables ; pings completely. ; http://php.net/oci8.ping-interval ;oci8.ping_interval = 60; Connection: Set this to a user chosen connection class to be used ; for all pooled server requests with Oracle 11g Database Resident ; Connection Pooling (DRCP). To use DRCP, this value should be set to ; the same string for all web servers running the same application, ; the database pool must be configured, and the connection string must ; specify to use a pooled server. ;oci8.connection_class =; High Availability: Using On lets PHP receive Fast Application ; Notification (FAN) events generated when a database node fails. The ; database must also be configured to post FAN events. ;oci8.events = Off; Tuning: This option enables statement caching, and specifies how ; many statements to cache. Using 0 disables statement caching. ; http://php.net/oci8.statement-cache-size ;oci8.statement_cache_size = 20; Tuning: Enables statement prefetching and sets the default number of ; rows that will be fetched automatically after statement execution. ; http://php.net/oci8.default-prefetch ;oci8.default_prefetch = 100; Compatibility. Using On means oci_close() will not close ; oci_connect() and oci_new_connect() connections. ; http://php.net/oci8.old-oci-close-semantics ;oci8.old_oci_close_semantics = Off[PostgreSQL] ; Allow or prevent persistent links. ; http://php.net/pgsql.allow-persistent pgsql.allow_persistent = On; Detect broken persistent links always with pg_pconnect(). ; Auto reset feature requires a little overheads. ; http://php.net/pgsql.auto-reset-persistent pgsql.auto_reset_persistent = Off; Maximum number of persistent links. -1 means no limit. ; http://php.net/pgsql.max-persistent pgsql.max_persistent = -1; Maximum number of links (persistent+non persistent). -1 means no limit. ; http://php.net/pgsql.max-links pgsql.max_links = -1; Ignore PostgreSQL backends Notice message or not. ; Notice message logging require a little overheads. ; http://php.net/pgsql.ignore-notice pgsql.ignore_notice = 0; Log PostgreSQL backends Notice message or not. ; Unless pgsql.ignore_notice=0, module cannot log notice message. ; http://php.net/pgsql.log-notice pgsql.log_notice = 0[Sybase-CT] ; Allow or prevent persistent links. ; http://php.net/sybct.allow-persistent sybct.allow_persistent = On; Maximum number of persistent links. -1 means no limit. ; http://php.net/sybct.max-persistent sybct.max_persistent = -1; Maximum number of links (persistent + non-persistent). -1 means no limit. ; http://php.net/sybct.max-links sybct.max_links = -1; Minimum server message severity to display. ; http://php.net/sybct.min-server-severity sybct.min_server_severity = 10; Minimum client message severity to display. ; http://php.net/sybct.min-client-severity sybct.min_client_severity = 10; Set per-context timeout ; http://php.net/sybct.timeout ;sybct.timeout=;sybct.packet_size; The maximum time in seconds to wait for a connection attempt to succeed before returning failure. ; Default: one minute ;sybct.login_timeout=; The name of the host you claim to be connecting from, for display by sp_who. ; Default: none ;sybct.hostname=; Allows you to define how often deadlocks are to be retried. -1 means "forever". ; Default: 0 ;sybct.deadlock_retry_count=[bcmath] ; Number of decimal digits for all bcmath functions. ; http://php.net/bcmath.scale bcmath.scale = 0[browscap] ; http://php.net/browscap ;browscap = extra/browscap.ini[Session] ; Handler used to store/retrieve data. ; http://php.net/session.save-handler session.save_handler = files; Argument passed to save_handler. In the case of files, this is the path ; where data files are stored. Note: Windows users have to change this ; variable in order to use PHP's session functions. ; ; The path can be defined as: ; ; session.save_path = "N;/path" ; ; where N is an integer. Instead of storing all the session files in ; /path, what this will do is use subdirectories N-levels deep, and ; store the session data in those directories. This is useful if ; your OS has problems with many files in one directory, and is ; a more efficient layout for servers that handle many sessions. ; ; NOTE 1: PHP will not create this directory structure automatically. ; You can use the script in the ext/session dir for that purpose. ; NOTE 2: See the section on garbage collection below if you choose to ; use subdirectories for session storage ; ; The file storage module creates files using mode 600 by default. ; You can change that by using ; ; session.save_path = "N;MODE;/path" ; ; where MODE is the octal representation of the mode. Note that this ; does not overwrite the process's umask. ; http://php.net/session.save-path ;session.save_path = "/tmp"; Whether to use strict session mode. ; Strict session mode does not accept uninitialized session ID and regenerate ; session ID if browser sends uninitialized session ID. Strict mode protects ; applications from session fixation via session adoption vulnerability. It is ; disabled by default for maximum compatibility, but enabling it is encouraged. ; https://wiki.php.net/rfc/strict_sessions session.use_strict_mode = 0; Whether to use cookies. ; http://php.net/session.use-cookies session.use_cookies = 1; http://php.net/session.cookie-secure ;session.cookie_secure =; This option forces PHP to fetch and use a cookie for storing and maintaining ; the session id. We encourage this operation as it's very helpful in combating ; session hijacking when not specifying and managing your own session id. It is ; not the be-all and end-all of session hijacking defense, but it's a good start. ; http://php.net/session.use-only-cookies session.use_only_cookies = 1; Name of the session (used as cookie name). ; http://php.net/session.name session.name = PHPSESSID; Initialize session on request startup. ; http://php.net/session.auto-start session.auto_start = 0; Lifetime in seconds of cookie or, if 0, until browser is restarted. ; http://php.net/session.cookie-lifetime session.cookie_lifetime = 0; The path for which the cookie is valid. ; http://php.net/session.cookie-path session.cookie_path = /; The domain for which the cookie is valid. ; http://php.net/session.cookie-domain session.cookie_domain =; Whether or not to add the httpOnly flag to the cookie, which makes it inaccessible to browser scripting languages such as JavaScript. ; http://php.net/session.cookie-httponly session.cookie_httponly =; Handler used to serialize data. php is the standard serializer of PHP. ; http://php.net/session.serialize-handler session.serialize_handler = php; Defines the probability that the 'garbage collection' process is started ; on every session initialization. The probability is calculated by using ; gc_probability/gc_divisor. Where session.gc_probability is the numerator ; and gc_divisor is the denominator in the equation. Setting this value to 1 ; when the session.gc_divisor value is 100 will give you approximately a 1% chance ; the gc will run on any give request. ; Default Value: 1 ; Development Value: 1 ; Production Value: 1 ; http://php.net/session.gc-probability session.gc_probability = 1; Defines the probability that the 'garbage collection' process is started on every ; session initialization. The probability is calculated by using the following equation: ; gc_probability/gc_divisor. Where session.gc_probability is the numerator and ; session.gc_divisor is the denominator in the equation. Setting this value to 1 ; when the session.gc_divisor value is 100 will give you approximately a 1% chance ; the gc will run on any give request. Increasing this value to 1000 will give you ; a 0.1% chance the gc will run on any give request. For high volume production servers, ; this is a more efficient approach. ; Default Value: 100 ; Development Value: 1000 ; Production Value: 1000 ; http://php.net/session.gc-divisor session.gc_divisor = 1000; After this number of seconds, stored data will be seen as 'garbage' and ; cleaned up by the garbage collection process. ; http://php.net/session.gc-maxlifetime session.gc_maxlifetime = 1440; NOTE: If you are using the subdirectory option for storing session files ; (see session.save_path above), then garbage collection does *not* ; happen automatically. You will need to do your own garbage ; collection through a shell script, cron entry, or some other method. ; For example, the following script would is the equivalent of ; setting session.gc_maxlifetime to 1440 (1440 seconds = 24 minutes): ; find /path/to/sessions -cmin +24 -type f | xargs rm; Check HTTP Referer to invalidate externally stored URLs containing ids. ; HTTP_REFERER has to contain this substring for the session to be ; considered as valid. ; http://php.net/session.referer-check session.referer_check =; How many bytes to read from the file. ; http://php.net/session.entropy-length ;session.entropy_length = 32; Specified here to create the session id. ; http://php.net/session.entropy-file ; Defaults to /dev/urandom ; On systems that don't have /dev/urandom but do have /dev/arandom, this will default to /dev/arandom ; If neither are found at compile time, the default is no entropy file. ; On windows, setting the entropy_length setting will activate the ; Windows random source (using the CryptoAPI) ;session.entropy_file = /dev/urandom; Set to {nocache,private,public,} to determine HTTP caching aspects ; or leave this empty to avoid sending anti-caching headers. ; http://php.net/session.cache-limiter session.cache_limiter = nocache; Document expires after n minutes. ; http://php.net/session.cache-expire session.cache_expire = 180; trans sid support is disabled by default. ; Use of trans sid may risk your users' security. ; Use this option with caution. ; - User may send URL contains active session ID ; to other person via. email/irc/etc. ; - URL that contains active session ID may be stored ; in publicly accessible computer. ; - User may access your site with the same session ID ; always using URL stored in browser's history or bookmarks. ; http://php.net/session.use-trans-sid session.use_trans_sid = 0; Select a hash function for use in generating session ids. ; Possible Values ; 0 (MD5 128 bits) ; 1 (SHA-1 160 bits) ; This option may also be set to the name of any hash function supported by ; the hash extension. A list of available hashes is returned by the hash_algos() ; function. ; http://php.net/session.hash-function session.hash_function = 0; Define how many bits are stored in each character when converting ; the binary hash data to something readable. ; Possible values: ; 4 (4 bits: 0-9, a-f) ; 5 (5 bits: 0-9, a-v) ; 6 (6 bits: 0-9, a-z, A-Z, "-", ",") ; Default Value: 4 ; Development Value: 5 ; Production Value: 5 ; http://php.net/session.hash-bits-per-character session.hash_bits_per_character = 5; The URL rewriter will look for URLs in a defined set of HTML tags. ; form/fieldset are special; if you include them here, the rewriter will ; add a hidden <input> field with the info which is otherwise appended ; to URLs. If you want XHTML conformity, remove the form entry. ; Note that all valid entries require a "=", even if no value follows. ; Default Value: "a=href,area=href,frame=src,form=,fieldset=" ; Development Value: "a=href,area=href,frame=src,input=src,form=fakeentry" ; Production Value: "a=href,area=href,frame=src,input=src,form=fakeentry" ; http://php.net/url-rewriter.tags url_rewriter.tags = "a=href,area=href,frame=src,input=src,form=fakeentry"; Enable upload progress tracking in $_SESSION ; Default Value: On ; Development Value: On ; Production Value: On ; http://php.net/session.upload-progress.enabled ;session.upload_progress.enabled = On; Cleanup the progress information as soon as all POST data has been read ; (i.e. upload completed). ; Default Value: On ; Development Value: On ; Production Value: On ; http://php.net/session.upload-progress.cleanup ;session.upload_progress.cleanup = On; A prefix used for the upload progress key in $_SESSION ; Default Value: "upload_progress_" ; Development Value: "upload_progress_" ; Production Value: "upload_progress_" ; http://php.net/session.upload-progress.prefix ;session.upload_progress.prefix = "upload_progress_"; The index name (concatenated with the prefix) in $_SESSION ; containing the upload progress information ; Default Value: "PHP_SESSION_UPLOAD_PROGRESS" ; Development Value: "PHP_SESSION_UPLOAD_PROGRESS" ; Production Value: "PHP_SESSION_UPLOAD_PROGRESS" ; http://php.net/session.upload-progress.name ;session.upload_progress.name = "PHP_SESSION_UPLOAD_PROGRESS"; How frequently the upload progress should be updated. ; Given either in percentages (per-file), or in bytes ; Default Value: "1%" ; Development Value: "1%" ; Production Value: "1%" ; http://php.net/session.upload-progress.freq ;session.upload_progress.freq = "1%"; The minimum delay between updates, in seconds ; Default Value: 1 ; Development Value: 1 ; Production Value: 1 ; http://php.net/session.upload-progress.min-freq ;session.upload_progress.min_freq = "1"[MSSQL] ; Allow or prevent persistent links. mssql.allow_persistent = On; Maximum number of persistent links. -1 means no limit. mssql.max_persistent = -1; Maximum number of links (persistent+non persistent). -1 means no limit. mssql.max_links = -1; Minimum error severity to display. mssql.min_error_severity = 10; Minimum message severity to display. mssql.min_message_severity = 10; Compatibility mode with old versions of PHP 3.0. mssql.compatibility_mode = Off; Connect timeout ;mssql.connect_timeout = 5; Query timeout ;mssql.timeout = 60; Valid range 0 - 2147483647. Default = 4096. ;mssql.textlimit = 4096; Valid range 0 - 2147483647. Default = 4096. ;mssql.textsize = 4096; Limits the number of records in each batch. 0 = all records in one batch. ;mssql.batchsize = 0; Specify how datetime and datetim4 columns are returned ; On => Returns data converted to SQL server settings ; Off => Returns values as YYYY-MM-DD hh:mm:ss ;mssql.datetimeconvert = On; Use NT authentication when connecting to the server mssql.secure_connection = Off; Specify max number of processes. -1 = library default ; msdlib defaults to 25 ; FreeTDS defaults to 4096 ;mssql.max_procs = -1; Specify client character set. ; If empty or not set the client charset from freetds.conf is used ; This is only used when compiled with FreeTDS ;mssql.charset = "ISO-8859-1"[Assertion] ; Assert(expr); active by default. ; http://php.net/assert.active ;assert.active = On; Issue a PHP warning for each failed assertion. ; http://php.net/assert.warning ;assert.warning = On; Don't bail out by default. ; http://php.net/assert.bail ;assert.bail = Off; User-function to be called if an assertion fails. ; http://php.net/assert.callback ;assert.callback = 0; Eval the expression with current error_reporting(). Set to true if you want ; error_reporting(0) around the eval(). ; http://php.net/assert.quiet-eval ;assert.quiet_eval = 0[COM] ; path to a file containing GUIDs, IIDs or filenames of files with TypeLibs ; http://php.net/com.typelib-file ;com.typelib_file =; allow Distributed-COM calls ; http://php.net/com.allow-dcom ;com.allow_dcom = true; autoregister constants of a components typlib on com_load() ; http://php.net/com.autoregister-typelib ;com.autoregister_typelib = true; register constants casesensitive ; http://php.net/com.autoregister-casesensitive ;com.autoregister_casesensitive = false; show warnings on duplicate constant registrations ; http://php.net/com.autoregister-verbose ;com.autoregister_verbose = true; The default character set code-page to use when passing strings to and from COM objects. ; Default: system ANSI code page ;com.code_page=[mbstring] ; language for internal character representation. ; This affects mb_send_mail() and mbstrig.detect_order. ; http://php.net/mbstring.language ;mbstring.language = Japanese; Use of this INI entry is deprecated, use global internal_encoding instead. ; internal/script encoding. ; Some encoding cannot work as internal encoding. (e.g. SJIS, BIG5, ISO-2022-*) ; If empty, default_charset or internal_encoding or iconv.internal_encoding is used. ; The precedence is: default_charset < internal_encoding < iconv.internal_encoding ;mbstring.internal_encoding =; Use of this INI entry is deprecated, use global input_encoding instead. ; http input encoding. ; mbstring.encoding_traslation = On is needed to use this setting. ; If empty, default_charset or input_encoding or mbstring.input is used. ; The precedence is: default_charset < intput_encoding < mbsting.http_input ; http://php.net/mbstring.http-input ;mbstring.http_input =; Use of this INI entry is deprecated, use global output_encoding instead. ; http output encoding. ; mb_output_handler must be registered as output buffer to function. ; If empty, default_charset or output_encoding or mbstring.http_output is used. ; The precedence is: default_charset < output_encoding < mbstring.http_output ; To use an output encoding conversion, mbstring's output handler must be set ; otherwise output encoding conversion cannot be performed. ; http://php.net/mbstring.http-output ;mbstring.http_output =; enable automatic encoding translation according to ; mbstring.internal_encoding setting. Input chars are ; converted to internal encoding by setting this to On. ; Note: Do _not_ use automatic encoding translation for ; portable libs/applications. ; http://php.net/mbstring.encoding-translation ;mbstring.encoding_translation = Off; automatic encoding detection order. ; "auto" detect order is changed according to mbstring.language ; http://php.net/mbstring.detect-order ;mbstring.detect_order = auto; substitute_character used when character cannot be converted ; one from another ; http://php.net/mbstring.substitute-character ;mbstring.substitute_character = none; overload(replace) single byte functions by mbstring functions. ; mail(), ereg(), etc are overloaded by mb_send_mail(), mb_ereg(), ; etc. Possible values are 0,1,2,4 or combination of them. ; For example, 7 for overload everything. ; 0: No overload ; 1: Overload mail() function ; 2: Overload str*() functions ; 4: Overload ereg*() functions ; http://php.net/mbstring.func-overload ;mbstring.func_overload = 0; enable strict encoding detection. ; Default: Off ;mbstring.strict_detection = On; This directive specifies the regex pattern of content types for which mb_output_handler() ; is activated. ; Default: mbstring.http_output_conv_mimetype=^(text/|application/xhtml\+xml) ;mbstring.http_output_conv_mimetype=[gd] ; Tell the jpeg decode to ignore warnings and try to create ; a gd image. The warning will then be displayed as notices ; disabled by default ; http://php.net/gd.jpeg-ignore-warning ;gd.jpeg_ignore_warning = 0[exif] ; Exif UNICODE user comments are handled as UCS-2BE/UCS-2LE and JIS as JIS. ; With mbstring support this will automatically be converted into the encoding ; given by corresponding encode setting. When empty mbstring.internal_encoding ; is used. For the decode settings you can distinguish between motorola and ; intel byte order. A decode setting cannot be empty. ; http://php.net/exif.encode-unicode ;exif.encode_unicode = ISO-8859-15; http://php.net/exif.decode-unicode-motorola ;exif.decode_unicode_motorola = UCS-2BE; http://php.net/exif.decode-unicode-intel ;exif.decode_unicode_intel = UCS-2LE; http://php.net/exif.encode-jis ;exif.encode_jis =; http://php.net/exif.decode-jis-motorola ;exif.decode_jis_motorola = JIS; http://php.net/exif.decode-jis-intel ;exif.decode_jis_intel = JIS[Tidy] ; The path to a default tidy configuration file to use when using tidy ; http://php.net/tidy.default-config ;tidy.default_config = /usr/local/lib/php/default.tcfg; Should tidy clean and repair output automatically? ; WARNING: Do not use this option if you are generating non-html content ; such as dynamic images ; http://php.net/tidy.clean-output tidy.clean_output = Off[soap] ; Enables or disables WSDL caching feature. ; http://php.net/soap.wsdl-cache-enabled soap.wsdl_cache_enabled=1; Sets the directory name where SOAP extension will put cache files. ; http://php.net/soap.wsdl-cache-dir soap.wsdl_cache_dir="/tmp"; (time to live) Sets the number of second while cached file will be used ; instead of original one. ; http://php.net/soap.wsdl-cache-ttl soap.wsdl_cache_ttl=86400; Sets the size of the cache limit. (Max. number of WSDL files to cache) soap.wsdl_cache_limit = 5[sysvshm] ; A default size of the shared memory segment ;sysvshm.init_mem = 10000[ldap] ; Sets the maximum number of open links or -1 for unlimited. ldap.max_links = -1[mcrypt] ; For more information about mcrypt settings see http://php.net/mcrypt-module-open; Directory where to load mcrypt algorithms ; Default: Compiled in into libmcrypt (usually /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt) ;mcrypt.algorithms_dir=; Directory where to load mcrypt modes ; Default: Compiled in into libmcrypt (usually /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt) ;mcrypt.modes_dir=[dba] ;dba.default_handler=[opcache] ; Determines if Zend OPCache is enabled ;opcache.enable=0; Determines if Zend OPCache is enabled for the CLI version of PHP ;opcache.enable_cli=0; The OPcache shared memory storage size. ;opcache.memory_consumption=64; The amount of memory for interned strings in Mbytes. ;opcache.interned_strings_buffer=4; The maximum number of keys (scripts) in the OPcache hash table. ; Only numbers between 200 and 100000 are allowed. ;opcache.max_accelerated_files=2000; The maximum percentage of "wasted" memory until a restart is scheduled. ;opcache.max_wasted_percentage=5; When this directive is enabled, the OPcache appends the current working ; directory to the script key, thus eliminating possible collisions between ; files with the same name (basename). Disabling the directive improves ; performance, but may break existing applications. ;opcache.use_cwd=1; When disabled, you must reset the OPcache manually or restart the ; webserver for changes to the filesystem to take effect. ;opcache.validate_timestamps=1; How often (in seconds) to check file timestamps for changes to the shared ; memory storage allocation. ("1" means validate once per second, but only ; once per request. "0" means always validate) ;opcache.revalidate_freq=2; Enables or disables file search in include_path optimization ;opcache.revalidate_path=0; If disabled, all PHPDoc comments are dropped from the code to reduce the ; size of the optimized code. ;opcache.save_comments=1; If disabled, PHPDoc comments are not loaded from SHM, so "Doc Comments" ; may be always stored (save_comments=1), but not loaded by applications ; that don't need them anyway. ;opcache.load_comments=1; If enabled, a fast shutdown sequence is used for the accelerated code ;opcache.fast_shutdown=0; Allow file existence override (file_exists, etc.) performance feature. ;opcache.enable_file_override=0; A bitmask, where each bit enables or disables the appropriate OPcache ; passes ;opcache.optimization_level=0xffffffff;opcache.inherited_hack=1 ;opcache.dups_fix=0; The location of the OPcache blacklist file (wildcards allowed). ; Each OPcache blacklist file is a text file that holds the names of files ; that should not be accelerated. The file format is to add each filename ; to a new line. The filename may be a full path or just a file prefix ; (i.e., /var/www/x blacklists all the files and directories in /var/www ; that start with 'x'). Line starting with a ; are ignored (comments). ;opcache.blacklist_filename=; Allows exclusion of large files from being cached. By default all files ; are cached. ;opcache.max_file_size=0; Check the cache checksum each N requests. ; The default value of "0" means that the checks are disabled. ;opcache.consistency_checks=0; How long to wait (in seconds) for a scheduled restart to begin if the cache ; is not being accessed. ;opcache.force_restart_timeout=180; OPcache error_log file name. Empty string assumes "stderr". ;opcache.error_log=; All OPcache errors go to the Web server log. ; By default, only fatal errors (level 0) or errors (level 1) are logged. ; You can also enable warnings (level 2), info messages (level 3) or ; debug messages (level 4). ;opcache.log_verbosity_level=1; Preferred Shared Memory back-end. Leave empty and let the system decide. ;opcache.preferred_memory_model=; Protect the shared memory from unexpected writing during script execution. ; Useful for internal debugging only. ;opcache.protect_memory=0; Validate cached file permissions. ; opcache.validate_permission=0; Prevent name collisions in chroot'ed environment. ; opcache.validate_root=0[curl] ; A default value for the CURLOPT_CAINFO option. This is required to be an ; absolute path. ;curl.cainfo =[openssl] ; The location of a Certificate Authority (CA) file on the local filesystem ; to use when verifying the identity of SSL/TLS peers. Most users should ; not specify a value for this directive as PHP will attempt to use the ; OS-managed cert stores in its absence. If specified, this value may still ; be overridden on a per-stream basis via the "cafile" SSL stream context ; option. ;openssl.cafile=; If openssl.cafile is not specified or if the CA file is not found, the ; directory pointed to by openssl.capath is searched for a suitable ; certificate. This value must be a correctly hashed certificate directory. ; Most users should not specify a value for this directive as PHP will ; attempt to use the OS-managed cert stores in its absence. If specified, ; this value may still be overridden on a per-stream basis via the "capath" ; SSL stream context option. ;openssl.capath=; Local Variables: ; tab-width: 4 ; End:

上傳php壓縮包

[root@docker php]# cd .. [root@docker compose_lnmp]# cd wwwroot/ [root@docker wwwroot]# vim index.html www.Hannibal.com [root@docker wwwroot]# vim index.php <?php phpinfo(); ?>

準備cenos:7鏡像,有了就不用了

[root@docker ~]# docker pull centos:7 [root@docker ~]# cd compose_lnmp/ [root@docker compose_lnmp]# docker-compose up -d //不用-f 因為在當前目錄下,默認 [root@docker compose_lnmp]# docker-compose ps


10.7docker-compose缺點

1)docker-compose是面向單宿主機的,面向多服務器時要基于ansible、puppet、chef、saltstack等。
2)網絡和存儲也比較棘手,docker-compose不提供跨宿主機網絡。所以還要提供OpenSwich的獨立網絡工具,還需要完成集成操作。
3)ps:所以需要一種能夠完善面向服務器集群的docker編排和部署方案。使用kubernetes(k8s)實現Compose和Machine和Swarm聯動。

第11章Docker網絡基礎

11.1端口映射

docker容器默認無法與外部通信,需要在啟動命令中加入對應的參數開可以與外界通信。當docker運行一個web應用時,需要進行端口映射才可以。
選項:
docker port 容器名 //查看
-P:docker隨即映射一個端至容器內部端口。 //在/proc/sys/net/ipv/ip_local_port_rang下指定隨機范圍
-p:
local port:container port 指定宿主機與容器端口
ip:local port:container port 指定IP而非0.0.0.0(不是所有本機分配ip)端口映射
IP::container port 指定IP并隨即宿主機端口

ps:-p 端口:端口/tcp(udp) 指定協議

11.2端口暴露

Docker file中 EXPOSE定義指定使用哪個端口(做聲名)。–expose=2000~3000 可以指定端口范圍。

11.3容器互聯

[root@docker ~]# docker pull busybox

創建兩個容器

[root@docker ~]# docker run -itd --name=container1 busybox:latest [root@docker ~]# docker run -itd --name=container2 busybox:latest

創建獨立容器網絡

[root@docker ~]# docker network create -d bridge --subnet 172.25.0.0/16 demo_net 將container2由加入創建的獨立容器網絡 [root@docker ~]# docker network connect demo_net container2 [root@docker ~]# docker inspect container2 //發現多了一個ip

創建一個容器3,屬于獨立容器網絡demo_net

[root@docker ~]# docker run --network=demo_net --ip=172.25.3.3 -itd --name container3 busybox:latest [root@docker ~]# docker exec container1 ifconfig //查看IP

[root@docker ~]# docker exec container1 ping 172.17.0.3 [root@docker ~]# docker exec container1 ping 172.25.3.3

都可以ping通。容器2即屬于容器1網絡又屬于容器3網絡,所有容器1可以ping通容器2和3。、

link方式(即將棄用)

[root@docker ~]# docker run -itd --name test busybox:latest [root@docker ~]# docker run -itd --name link-test --link test:test busybox:latest [root@docker ~]# docker exec -it link-test ping test

11.4docker網絡模式

docker run中使用–net=host/container:NAME_or_ID/none/bridge 指定網絡模式。
1)Host模式:與宿主機相同,除了網絡其他的做資源隔離
2)Container模式:指定新創建的容器和一個已經存在的容器共用一個網絡。
3)none模式:什么也不分配,沒有網卡。
4)bridge模式:(默認,類似nat)啟動docker會生成一個docker0網橋,容器與docker0是一個網絡,然后docker0與宿主機通信,宿主機在與外界通信。此模式使用iptables規則,可以使用iptables -vnL -t nat 查看
5)Overlay模式:與vlan類似,劃分vxlan網絡,實現不同主機之間容器相互通信。(不常用,以后會用k8s)

總結

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