分為以下部分：
1：接線并使用AT指令驗證連接
2：使用軟串口
3：搭建/配置/測試MQTT服務端
4：在Arduino實現MQTT的PUB客戶端
5：總結
接線并使用AT指令驗證連接
需要各種線+10k電阻*1
ESP8266的3V3/VCC 接到 3.3V
ESP8266的EN 串聯一個10k電阻 接到3.3V
ESP8266的RX 接到 Arduino的RX0
ESP8266的TX 接到 Arduino的TX1
ESP8266的GND 接地
const int tx
= 1;
const int rx
= 0;
void setup() {pinMode(rx
,INPUT_PULLUP
);pinMode(tx
,INPUT_PULLUP
);
}
void loop() {
}
將Serial Monitor調整為Both NL&CR，115200 baud
輸入AT，ESP8266藍色燈光閃爍，返回OK
輸入AT+GMR，返回版本等信息
如下：
至此，可以驗證連接成功。
一些其他常用的AT命令：
AT
+RST 重置wifi模塊
AT
+CWLAP 掃AP
AT
+CWJAP
=”SSID”
,”PASSWORD” 連接到AP
AT
+CWJAP
=””
,”” 與所有訪問點斷開連接
AT
+CIFSR 顯示獲得的IP和MAC
AT
+UART
=9600,8,1,0,0 修改波特率等
AT
+CWMODE
= 設置工作模式，可有Station\AP\Station
+AP三種
使用軟串口
修改ESP8266的波特率為9600
假設將2，3分別作為RX，TX
則將ESP8266的RX與3（Arduino的TX）相連，反之亦如此
代碼：
#include <SoftwareSerial.h>
SoftwareSerial
mySerial(2, 3);
void setup() {Serial
.begin(9600);mySerial
.begin(9600);mySerial
.println("AT+GMR");
}
void loop() {if(wifiSerial
.available()) {Serial
.write(wifiSerial
.read());}if(Serial
.available()){wifiSerial
.write(Serial
.read());}
}
之后打開Serial Monitor即可看到AT+GMR的執行結果了，也可以使用AT指令查看其他信息。
搭建/配置/測試MQTT服務端
服務器使用Ubuntu+mosquitto
apt-add-repository ppa:mosquitto-dev/mosquitto-ppa
apt-get update
apt-get install mosquitto
cd /etc/mosquitto/conf.d
touch myconfig.conf
vim myconfig.conf
echo allow_anonymous
false >> myconfig.conf
echo password_file /etc/mosquitto/pwfile.txt
>> myconfig.conf
echo port
1883 >> myconfig.conf
mosquitto_passwd
-c /etc/mosquitto/pwfile.txt
[username
]
service mosquitto start
在云平臺調整服務器的安全組，放行出入1883端口的數據
使用python測試服務是否正常：
import paho
.mqtt
.client
as mqtt
def on_connect(client
, userdata
, flags
, rc
):print("Connect result:" + str(rc
))client
.subscribe
("test_topic")
def on_message(client
, userdata
, msg
):print(msg
.topic
+":" +str(msg
.payload
))
client
= mqtt
.Client
("admin_sub")
client
.username_pw_set
("[username]","[password]")
client
.on_connect
= on_connect
client
.on_message
= on_message
print("Connectting…")
client
.connect
("[IP]", 1883, 60)
client
.loop_forever
()
import paho
.mqtt
.client
as mqtt
def on_connect(client
, userdata
, flags
, rc
):print("Connect result:" + str(rc
))
def on_message(client
, userdata
, msg
):print(msg
.topic
+ " " + str(msg
.payload
))
client
= mqtt
.Client
("admin_pub")
client
.on_connect
= on_connect
client
.on_message
= on_message
client
.connect
('[IP]', 1883, 60)
client
.publish
('test_topic', payload
='test_pub_content', qos
=0)
可以連接/通訊，如圖：
在Arduino實現MQTT的PUB客戶端
網上能找到的資料都需要燒寫ESP8266，因為怕寫壞自己唯一的板子，所以實現了軟串口+TCP協議的MQTT客戶端，站在別人肩膀上先實現Pub功能。沒有做安全保護0.0。
最終實現效果及代碼：
#include <SoftwareSerial.h>SoftwareSerial
wifiSerial(2, 3);
bool on
;void setup()
{Serial
.begin(9600);wifiSerial
.begin(9600);while (!Serial
);while (!wifiSerial
);wifiSerial
.println("AT+RST");on
=false
;while(!on
){if(wifiSerial
.find("OK")){Serial
.println("ESP8266 Resetting");on
= true
;}}on
= false
;delay(5000); connect_wifi();delay(1000);pub_msg();
}void loop() {if(wifiSerial
.available())Serial
.write(wifiSerial
.read());if(Serial
.available()){wifiSerial
.write(Serial
.read());}
}void connect_wifi(){wifiSerial
.println("AT+RST");while(!on
){if(wifiSerial
.find("ready")){delay(1000);on
= true
;}}clear_serial();on
=false
;wifiSerial
.println("AT+CWMODE=1");wifiSerial
.println("\"hausahan\",\"[password]\"");delay(3000);if(wifiSerial
.find("OK")){Serial
.println("WIFI Connected!");delay(1000);clear_serial();tcp_connect();}
}void tcp_connect(){wifiSerial
.println("AT+CIPSTART=\"TCP\",\"114.116.239.164\",1883");delay(1000);while(!on
){on
= true
;if(wifiSerial
.find("OK")){Serial
.println("TCP Connected!");}}mqtt_connect();
}void mqtt_connect(){u8 mqttMessage
[128]={0};u8 packetLen
;u8 baseIndex
= 0;u8 clientIdLen
= strlen("arduino_pub");u8 UserNameLen
= strlen("hausa");u8 passwordLen
= strlen("[password]");packetLen
= 16 + clientIdLen
+ UserNameLen
+ passwordLen
;mqttMessage
[0] = 16;mqttMessage
[1] = packetLen
- 2;mqttMessage
[3] = 4; mqttMessage
[4] = 77; mqttMessage
[5] = 81; mqttMessage
[6] = 84; mqttMessage
[7] = 84; mqttMessage
[8] = 4; mqttMessage
[9] = 130; mqttMessage
[10] = 0; mqttMessage
[11] = 60; mqttMessage
[12] = (0xff00 & clientIdLen
)>>8;mqttMessage
[13] = 0xff & clientIdLen
; for(u8 i
= 0; i
< clientIdLen
; i
++){mqttMessage
[14 + i
] = *((u8
*)"arduino_pub" + i
); }baseIndex
= 14 + clientIdLen
;mqttMessage
[baseIndex
++] = (0xff00 & UserNameLen
)>>8; mqttMessage
[baseIndex
++] = 0xff & UserNameLen
; for(u8 i
= 0; i
< UserNameLen
; i
++){mqttMessage
[baseIndex
+ i
] = *((u8
*)"hausa" + i
); }baseIndex
= 14 + clientIdLen
+ UserNameLen
;mqttMessage
[baseIndex
++] = (0xff00 & UserNameLen
)>>8; mqttMessage
[baseIndex
++] = 0xff & UserNameLen
; for(u8 i
= 0; i
< UserNameLen
; i
++){mqttMessage
[baseIndex
+ i
] = *((u8
*)"[password]" + i
); }send_tcp_package(mqttMessage
, packetLen
);
}void pub_msg(){u8 mqttMessage
[100]={0};u16 i
,index
=0; u16 topicLen
= strlen("test_topic"); u16 messageLen
= strlen("arduino_say_hi"); mqttMessage
[index
++] = 48;mqttMessage
[index
++] = 2 + topicLen
+ messageLen
;mqttMessage
[index
++] = (0xff00 & topicLen
)>>8;mqttMessage
[index
++] = 0xff & topicLen
;for(i
= 0; i
< topicLen
; i
++){mqttMessage
[index
+ i
] = *((u8
*)"test_topic" + i
);}index
+= topicLen
;for(i
= 0; i
< messageLen
; i
++){mqttMessage
[index
+ i
] = *((u8
*)"arduino_say_hi" + i
);}send_tcp_package(mqttMessage
, 4 + topicLen
+ messageLen
);}void send_tcp_package(u8
*data
,u16 len
){clear_serial();wifiSerial
.print("AT+CIPSEND=");wifiSerial
.println(len
);delay(500);if(wifiSerial
.find(">")){for(u16 i
=0; i
<len
; i
++)wifiSerial
.write(data
[i
]);wifiSerial
.println();delay(500);}
}void clear_serial(){while(wifiSerial
.read()>= 0);while(Serial
.read()>= 0);
}
總結
還是有很多讓人疑惑的問題的，比如：
ESP8266很多指令執行后必須等幾秒才能進行下一步操作。
也有收獲：
每次編程后使用AT+RST進行重置并在燒寫完成后復位Arduino能解決很多奇怪的問題。
更理解通信協議、協議棧、wireshark的使用、、、等知識了
下一步：
考慮多買幾塊8266，學習直接使用8266的方法，因為看起來好像很方便，并實現一個遠程控制LED的Deeeeeemo。再然后怎么不做一套智能家居？😛
😃
參考文章
https://blog.csdn.net/Fredric_2014/article/details/89602457
https://blog.csdn.net/anxianfeng55555/article/details/80908795
也歡迎各位來窩的小窩看窩:www.hausahan.cn/iot/
總結
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