Applies?to:

Oracle?Server?-?Enterprise?Edition?-?Version:?8.1.7.4?to?11.2.0.2.0?-?Release:?8.1.7?to?11.2

Generic?UNIX

當(dāng)檢查oracle實(shí)例后臺(tái)進(jìn)程不存在這時(shí)啟動(dòng)啟動(dòng)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)報(bào)錯(cuò):

ORA-01081:?"cannot?start?already-running?ORACLE?-?shut?it?down?first"

造成此種原因是

Orphaned?shared?memory?segments?and?semaphores?did?not?get?cleared?properly

from?the?last?instance?shutdown.

在oracle實(shí)例最后一次shutdown時(shí)，某一個(gè)孤立的共享內(nèi)存段和信號(hào)沒(méi)有被清理干凈

解決方法

可以利用ipcs來(lái)找出共享內(nèi)存段或者信號(hào)，利用ipcrm來(lái)手動(dòng)清除

orphaned?shared?memory?segments(孤立的共享內(nèi)存段)?和semaphores(信號(hào)量)

[root@rac01?~]#?ipcs?-a

------?Shared?Memory?Segments?--------

key????????shmid??????owner??????perms??????bytes??????nattch?????status

0x4e44b264?557069?????oracle????640????????287309824??25

0xd06e774c?524302?????oracle????640????????132120576??16

------?Semaphore?Arrays?--------

key????????semid??????owner??????perms??????nsems

0x000000a7?0??????????root??????600????????1

0x2e7fd0cc?131073?????oracle????640????????44

0x334b5294?262146?????oracle????640????????154

[root@rac01?~]#?ipcs?-m

------?Shared?Memory?Segments?--------

key????????shmid??????owner??????perms??????bytes??????nattch?????status

0x4e44b264?557069?????oracle????640????????287309824??25

0xd06e774c?524302?????oracle????640????????132120576??16

ipcs：?檢查分配的共享內(nèi)存

ipcrm：手動(dòng)釋放共享內(nèi)存段

取得ipc信息：

ipcs?[-m|-q|-s]

-m???????輸出有關(guān)共享內(nèi)存(shared?memory)的信息

-q???????輸出有關(guān)信息隊(duì)列(message?queue)的信息

-s???????輸出有關(guān)“信號(hào)量”(semaphore)的信息

-a???????使用所有打印選項(xiàng).?(針對(duì)?-b,?-c,?-o,?-p,?and?-t的速記符)

Example:

ipcrm?-m????shmid?號(hào)???-?for?shared?memory

ipcrm?-s????semid??號(hào)??????-?for?semaphores

OR

Shutdown?all?the?instances?belonging?to?the?user.?Next,?run?"ipcs?-b"?to?find?the?remaining?IPC

facilities,?owned?by?the?same?user,?and?remove?them.??However,?if?you're?running?multiple?production

instances,?this?may?not?be??acceptable.

在多實(shí)例的情況下

1.?運(yùn)行

ipcs?-a?>?/tmp/ipcs_before.out

2.?用?SQL*Plus?連接所有實(shí)例做一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的查詢

select?*?from?dual;

3.?再次運(yùn)行

ipcs?-a?>?/tmp/ipcs_after.out

4.?對(duì)比?"/tmp/ipcs_before.out"?與?"/tmp/ipcs_after.out"??文件

查找?LPID?沒(méi)有改變的共享內(nèi)存段

These?are?the?orphaned?shared?memory?segments?you?are?looking?for:

LPID?顯示最后過(guò)程中附加或者分立共享內(nèi)存段的進(jìn)程?ID

因?yàn)?#xff0c;通過(guò)在每一個(gè)活著的實(shí)例中執(zhí)行查詢，你會(huì)涉及到屬于各自實(shí)例的共享內(nèi)存段，

但是未涉及的共享內(nèi)存段將變成孤立的一個(gè)

5.?After?identifying?the?orphaned?shared?memory?segments,?you?can?find

the?orphaned?semaphores?by?locating?the?semaphores?with?the?same

value?of?CTIME?in?"ipcs?-a"?output?as?the?value?of?CTIME?for?the

orphaned?shared?memory?segments:?CTIME?shows?the?time?when?the

associated?entry?was?created?or?changed.

在識(shí)別孤立的共享內(nèi)存段后，可以通過(guò)ipcs?-a的輸出確定具有相同CTIME值的信號(hào)找到孤立的共享內(nèi)存段

作為相關(guān)孤立共享內(nèi)存段的值

NOTE:??This?step?may?not?be?necessary?on?the?platforms?implementing

post-wait?kernel?extension?(AT&T?Unix,?AIX),?when?semaphores

are?not?used?by?Oracle?at?all.

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