一、fdisk命令中參數介紹：

1.查看硬盤使用情形#fdisk?-l?觀察硬盤之實體使用情形

2.fdisk /dev/sda，進入硬盤分割模式1.?輸入?m?顯示所有命令列示。

2.?輸入?p?顯示硬盤分割情形。

3.?輸入?a?設定硬盤啟動區。

4.?輸入?n?設定新的硬盤分割區。

4.1.?輸入?e?硬盤為[延伸]分割區(extend)。

4.2.?輸入?p?硬盤為[主要]分割區(primary)。

5.?輸入?t?改變硬盤分割區屬性。

6.?輸入?d?刪除硬盤分割區屬性。

7.?輸入?q?結束不存入硬盤分割區屬性。

8.?輸入?w?結束并寫入硬盤分割區屬性

二、實戰將/dev/sdd整個磁盤劃成一個分區[root@db01?~]#?fdisk/dev/sdd

Command(m?for?help):?p??????????###查看分區信息

Disk?/dev/sdd:?1073MB,?1073741824?bytes

255?heads,?63sectors/track,?130?cylinders

Units?=?cylinders?of16065?*?512?=?8225280?bytes

Sector?size(logical/physical):?512?bytes?/?512?bytes

I/O?size(minimum/optimal):?512?bytes?/?512?bytes

Disk?identifier:0x0814ae42

Device?Boot??????Start?????????End??????Blocks??Id??System

Command(m?for?help):?n????###創建分區

Command?action

e??extended

p??primary?partition?(1-4)

p?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????###創建主分區

Partition?number?(1-4):?1??###分區號為1

First?cylinder?(1-130,?default?1):??###柱面默認為1

Using?default?value1

Last?cylinder,?+cylinders?or?+size{K,M,G}?(1-130,?default?130):???###柱面默認為最大130?(即使用全部剩余空間)

Using?default?value130

Command(m?for?help):?w??????###按照以上分區信息寫入磁盤

The?partition?tablehas?been?altered!

三、實戰刪除整個分區Command(m?for?help):p????????????????????????###查看分區信息

Disk?/dev/sdd:?1073MB,?1073741824?bytes

255?heads,?63sectors/track,?130?cylinders

Units?=?cylinders?of16065?*?512?=?8225280?bytes

Sector?size(logical/physical):?512?bytes?/?512?bytes

I/O?size(minimum/optimal):?512?bytes?/?512?bytes

Disk?identifier:0x0814ae42

Device?Boot??????Start?????????End??????Blocks??Id??System

/dev/sdd1???????????????1?????????130????1044193+??83??Linux

Command(m?for?help):?d???###刪除分區

Selectedpartition1????????????????????????###只有一個分區時，默認刪除

Command(m?for?help):?w??###按照以上分區信息寫入磁盤

The?partition?tablehas?been?altered!

Calling?ioctl()?tore-read?partition?table.

Syncing?disks.

四、實戰創建兩個分區，分區一200M，分區二800M[root@db01?~]#?fdisk/dev/sdd

WARNING:DOS-compatible?mode?is?deprecated.?It's?strongly?recommended?to

switch?off?the?mode?(command?'c')?andchange?display?units?to

sectors?(command?'u').

Command(m?for?help):?n???###創建分區

Command?action

e??extended

p??primary?partition?(1-4)

p????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????###創建主分區

Partition?number?(1-4):?1??###分區號為1

First?cylinder?(1-130,?default?1):???###柱面默認為1

Using?default?value1

Last?cylinder,?+cylinders?or?+size{K,M,G}?(1-130,?default?130):+200M????###該分區分配200M空間

Command(m?for?help):?n???###創建分區

Command?action

e??extended

p??primary?partition?(1-4)

p????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????###創建主分區

Partition?number?(1-4):?2??###分區號為2

First?cylinder?(27-130,?default?27):?###柱面默認為27

Using?default?value27

Last?cylinder,?+cylinders?or?+size{K,M,G}?(27-130,?default130):???###柱面默認為最大130(即使用全部剩余空間)

Using?default?value130

Command?(m?forhelp):?p

Disk?/dev/sdd:?1073MB,?1073741824?bytes

255?heads,?63sectors/track,?130?cylinders

Units?=?cylinders?of16065?*?512?=?8225280?bytes

Sector?size(logical/physical):?512?bytes?/?512?bytes

I/O?size(minimum/optimal):?512?bytes?/?512?bytes

Disk?identifier:0x0814ae42

Device?Boot??????Start?????????End??????Blocks??Id??System

/dev/sdd1???????????????1??????????26??????208813+?83??Linux

/dev/sdd2??????????????27?????????130??????835380??83??Linux

Command(m?for?help):?w?????###按照以上分區信息寫入磁盤

The?partition?tablehas?been?altered!

五、實戰創建主分區、擴展分區、邏輯分區案例[root@db01?~]#?fdisk/dev/sdd

WARNING:DOS-compatible?mode?is?deprecated.?It's?strongly?recommended?to

switch?off?the?mode?(command?'c')?andchange?display?units?to

sectors?(command?'u').

Command(m?for?help):?n???###創建分區

Command?action

e??extended

p??primary?partition?(1-4)

p????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????###創建主分區

Partition?number?(1-4):?1??###分區號為1

First?cylinder?(1-130,?default?1):?###柱面默認為1

Using?default?value1

Last?cylinder,?+cylinders?or?+size{K,M,G}?(1-130,?default?130):+200M??###該分區分配200M空間

Command(m?for?help):?n???###創建分區

Command?action

e??extended

p??primary?partition?(1-4)

e????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????###創建擴展分區

Partition?number?(1-4):?2??###分區號為2

First?cylinder?(27-130,?default?27):???###柱面默認為27

Using?default?value27

Last?cylinder,?+cylinders?or?+size{K,M,G}?(27-130,?default130):????###柱面默認為最大130?(即使用全部剩余空間)擴展分區必須是剩余全部空間

Using?default?value130

Command(m?for?help):?n??###創建分區

Command?action

l??logical?(5?or?over)

p??primary?partition?(1-4)

l????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????###創建邏輯分區

First?cylinder?(27-130,?default?27):?###柱面默認為27

Using?default?value27

Last?cylinder,?+cylinders?or?+size{K,M,G}?(27-130,?default?130):+200M??###該分區分配200M空間

Command(m?for?help):?n??###創建分區

Command?action

l??logical?(5?or?over)

p??primary?partition?(1-4)

l????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????###創建邏輯分區

First?cylinder?(53-130,?default?53):?###柱面默認為53

Using?default?value53

Last?cylinder,?+cylinders?or?+size{K,M,G}?(53-130,?default?130):+200M?###該分區分配200M空間

Command(m?for?help):?n???###創建分區

Command?action

l??logical?(5?or?over)

p??primary?partition?(1-4)

l????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????###創建邏輯分區

First?cylinder?(79-130,?default?79):?###柱面默認為79

Using?default?value79

Last?cylinder,?+cylinders?or?+size{K,M,G}?(79-130,?default130):??###柱面默認為最大130(即使用全部剩余空間)

Using?default?value130

Command?(m?forhelp):?p

Disk?/dev/sdd:?1073MB,?1073741824?bytes

255?heads,?63sectors/track,?130?cylinders

Units?=?cylinders?of16065?*?512?=?8225280?bytes

Sector?size(logical/physical):?512?bytes?/?512?bytes

I/O?size(minimum/optimal):?512?bytes?/?512?bytes

Disk?identifier:0x0814ae42

Device?Boot??????Start?????????End??????Blocks??Id??System

/dev/sdd1???????????????1??????????26??????208813+?83??Linux

/dev/sdd2??????????????27?????????130??????835380???5??Extended

/dev/sdd5??????????????27??????????52??????208813+?83??Linux

/dev/sdd6??????????????53??????????78??????208813+?83??Linux

/dev/sdd7??????????????79?????????130??????417658+?83??Linux

Command(m?for?help):w???###按照以上分區信息寫入磁盤

六、使用單個分區的方式進行格式化分區

1.查看分區詳情，確認改變分區表，以免重啟電腦了。[root@db01?~]#?fdisk-l?/dev/sdd??#查看分區詳情

Disk?/dev/sdd:?1073MB,?1073741824?bytes

255?heads,?63sectors/track,?130?cylinders

Units?=?cylinders?of16065?*?512?=?8225280?bytes

Sector?size(logical/physical):?512?bytes?/?512?bytes

I/O?size(minimum/optimal):?512?bytes?/?512?bytes

Disk?identifier:0x0814ae42

Device?Boot??????Start?????????End??????Blocks??Id??System

/dev/sdd1???????????????1?????????130????1044193+??83??Linux

[root@db01~]#?partprobe?/dev/sdd????#確認分區表的改變將分區信息寫入磁盤

[root@db01?~]#?ls-lsa?/dev/sdd*

0?brw-rw----.?1?rootdisk?8,?48?Nov?21?11:02?/dev/sdd

0?brw-rw----.?1?rootdisk?8,?49?Nov?21?11:02?/dev/sdd1

2.格式化分區

2.1 mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sdd1??? (這種方法不方便，不推薦使用)

2.2 mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdd1???? (推薦這種)[root@db01?~]#mkfs.ext4?/dev/sdd1

mke2fs?1.41.12(17-May-2010)

Filesystem?label=

OS?type:?Linux

Block?size=4096(log=2)

Fragment?size=4096(log=2)

Stride=0?blocks,Stripe?width=0?blocks

65280?inodes,?261048blocks

13052?blocks?(5.00%)reserved?for?the?super?user

First?data?block=0

Maximum?filesystemblocks=268435456

8?block?groups

32768?blocks?pergroup,?32768?fragments?per?group

8160?inodes?pergroup

Superblock?backupsstored?on?blocks:

32768,?98304,?163840,?229376

Writing?inodetables:?done

Creating?journal(4096?blocks):?done

Writing?superblocksand?filesystem?accounting?information:?done

This?filesystem?willbe?automatically?checked?every?34?mounts?or

180?days,?whichevercomes?first.??Use?tune2fs?-c?or?-i?tooverride.

七、掛載分區[root@db01?~]#?mkdir/alexpeng

[root@db01?~]#?mount/dev/sdd1?/alexpeng

[root@db01?~]#?df?-h

Filesystem??????Size?Used?Avail?Use%?Mounted?on

/dev/sda3????????45G?4.4G???39G??11%?/

tmpfs??????????1004M?????0?1004M??0%?/dev/shm

/dev/sda1???????485M??39M??421M???9%?/boot

/dev/sdb2????????79G?184M???75G???1%?/oracle

/dev/sdb1????????20G?172M???19G???1%?/soft

/dev/sdd1??????1004M??18M??936M???2%?/alexpeng

八、配置開啟自動掛載分區[root@db01?/]#?vi/etc/fstab

UUID=3e8b0960-23d2-48f3-8661-3f24ce85e9e6/???????????????????????ext4????defaults????????1?1

tmpfs???????????????????/dev/shm????????????????tmpfs???defaults????????0?0

devpts??????????????????/dev/pts????????????????devpts??gid=5,mode=620??0?0

sysfs???????????????????/sys????????????????????sysfs???defaults????????0?0

proc????????????????????/proc???????????????????proc????defaults????????0?0

/dev/sdd1???????????????/alexpeng???????????????ext4????defaults????????0?0

測試配置是否正確

[root@db01?/]#umount?/alexpeng/

[root@db01?/]#?mount/alexpeng/

如果不正確出現以下信息：

[root@db01?/]#?mount/alexpeng/

mount:?can't?find/alexpeng/?in?/etc/fstab?or?/etc/mtab

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